Abstract: A method validating a particulate monitoring device includes generating a final gas stream having a particulate material concentration that corresponds to a target particulate material concentration, using the particulate monitoring device to measure the particulate material concentration in the final gas stream, and evaluating an accuracy of the particulate monitoring device based on a comparison of the particulate concentration in the final gas stream that was measured by the particulate monitoring device with the target particulate material concentration.

Abstract: A method of measuring impedance includes determining a first time constant based on a known impedance and a capacitor, determining a second time constant based on a target impedance and the capacitor, and determining the target impedance based on the first time constant and the second time constant.

Abstract: An apparatus for calibrating a particulate matter continuous emission monitoring system includes: a feed unit that supplies particulate matter of a known mass flow rate; an eductor unit connected with the feed unit that receives particulate matter therefrom; a fluidizing unit connected to the eductor that supplies gas to the eductor unit, wherein the particulate matter and gas are combined into a fluidized mixture; and a probe connected to the eductor configured to extend within an industrial stack and deliver the fluidized mixture therein. Such an apparatus can provide accurate data regarding particulate matter concentration that can be compared with readings on the PM CEMS and enable a calibration curve to be generated. A tracer gas injection unit and analyzer may also be included.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sampling apparatus for taking a representative gas sample from a flowing gas stream. The sampling apparatus can be positioned within a conduit carrying a gas stream, such as a gas line or smoke stack. Preferably, the sampling apparatus comprises a cylindrical collection tube having collection wings radially projecting therefrom. It is further preferred that the bottom edges of the collection wings contain at least one elongate collection opening, through which a representative gas sample enters the sampling apparatus. In particular embodiments of the invention, the sampling apparatus further comprises an electronic sensor positioned within the collection tube. Alternatively, the sensing device is located at a site remote from the collection tube and is connected thereto by a connecting hose.

Abstract: An apparatus for sampling a portion of flowable solid material from a stream thereof is provided. The apparatus includes a plurality of nested stage assemblies enclosed within a housing for sampling successively smaller portions of the solid material flowing therethrough. Each stage assembly includes a conical upper section, a funnel shaped lower section and a substantially cylindrical section disposed therebetween and defining a chamber for receiving a sampled portion of the flowable solid material. Each cylindrical section includes a plurality of openings and removable splitter assemblies for directing the sampled portion into the chamber. Each splitter assembly includes a front wall and opposing side walls defining a mouth for receiving a portion of the flowable solids and flow path through said chute. The front wall widens from the mouth to define flared side walls and an increasing area through which the solid material flows toward the chamber.