Abstract: A liquid crystal handwriting board is provided. The liquid crystal handwriting board includes a first substrate and a second substrate that are disposed opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; wherein the first substrate includes: a first base substrate, and a transistor and a pixel electrode disposed at a side, proximal to the second substrate, of the first base substrate, the transistor being electrically connected to the pixel electrode; wherein the transistor includes a channel region, wherein a ratio of an area of the channel region to an on-current of the transistor is greater than a ratio of an area of a channel region of a reference transistor to an on-current of the reference transistor.

Abstract: Electrochromic devices and components thereof and systems and methods for controlling electrochromic devices are disclosed. Further, electrochromic materials, electrochromic compositions and electrochromic layers useful for the devices and systems can be in the form of a gel. The present disclosure also provide methods to fabricate electrochromic devices and components thereof, electrochromic compositions, layers and gels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aperture unit having an optical axis. The aperture unit includes a fixed portion, a guiding element, a first blade and a driving assembly. The guiding element is movably connected to the fixed portion, and the first blade is movably connected to the guiding element and the fixed portion. The driving assembly is disposed on the guiding element for driving the guiding element to move relative to the fixed portion in a first moving dimension. When the guiding element moves relative to the fixed portion in the first moving dimension, the first blade is driven by the guiding element to move relative to the fixed portion in a second moving dimension, and the first moving dimension and the second moving dimension are different.

Abstract: A deployable multiple lighting system for residential and commercial interior photography and method thereof are disclosed. System and method include the use of multiple-off camera, synced, battery operated flashes mounted to adjustable height light stands to photograph a residential or building interior, thereby creating a desirable look providing consistent, natural-looking diffused lighting within the space and between various areas and rooms where measurements of light (e.g., Kelvin and Lux) change dramatically.

Abstract: A lens barrel defines a central axis and includes: an object-side opening, an object-side end portion, and an image-side opening. The object-side opening and the object-side end portion are both located at one end of the central axis. The object-side end portion surrounds the object-side opening and has an object-side surface, the object-side surface includes an annular groove, a radial cross-section of the annular groove has first and second line segments, the first line segment is farther away from the central axis than the second line segment, the first and second line segments intersect at a first point, and a included angle is formed between the first and second line segments. The included angle is larger than or equal to 15 degrees and smaller than or equal to 90 degrees. An opening direction of the radial cross-section of the annular groove is away from the central axis.

Abstract: An image capture device is described that includes a body; a mounting structure that is connected to the body; an integrated sensor-lens assembly (ISLA) that defines an optical axis and extends through the body and the mounting structure; and an accessory that is releasably connectable to the mounting structure via rotation through a range of motion less than approximately 90 degrees. The mounting structure and the accessory include corresponding angled bearing surfaces that are configured for engagement such that rotation of the accessory relative to the mounting structure creates a bearing effect that displaces the accessory along the optical axis to thereby reduce any axial force required during connection and disconnection of the accessory.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus includes an exterior cover, a circuit board, a first heat generating element, a metal plate, a duct, an air inlet, and an air outlet. Fins, respectively formed on the exterior cover and the metal plate face each other in the duct in a direction orthogonal to the circuit board, have tops that overlap each other in the orthogonal direction, as viewed from a direction parallel to a direction in which the circuit board extends. A distance between the exterior cover fin tip and the metal plate in the orthogonal direction is greater than an amount of the overlap between the exterior cover fin tip and the metal plate fin tip. A distance between the metal plate fin tip and the exterior cover in the orthogonal direction is greater than the amount of the overlap between the exterior cover fin tip and the metal plate fin tip.

Abstract: A photomask correction method capable of increasing the photomask precision is provided. The photomask correction method comprises measuring an intensity profile of a laser, acquiring etching amount data corresponding to the measured intensity profile using a library, determining a process parameter of the laser based on the etching amount data, and correcting a photomask with the laser according to the determined process parameter.

Abstract: A method for correcting a final imprint force FIF in an imprint process is provided. Position traces of an imprint head exercising along a predetermined trajectory are obtained. A force disturbance model is established based on prior position and force traces of the imprint head. A disturbance force Fmod,FIF,i is using a predetermined motion sequence based on the force disturbance model for wafer i, where i=1 to n. A residual force offset (RFO) measurement is performed to determine an actual force Fact,RFO,i applied to wafer i. A disturbance force Fmod,FIF,i,j applied to a field j of the wafer i is calculated using the force disturbance model, where j=1 to m. An adjustment is applied to the RFO measurement. An imprint force is applied to a film on the wafer i with the imprint head based on an output of the adjustment applied to Fact,RFO,i and a desired force to be applied to the film on the wafer.

Abstract: A process for transfer imprinting using a novel family of anti-sticking layers, such as for nanoimprint lithography processes, is described.

Abstract: A resist underlayer film, which, while exhibiting excellent resistance to a resist developer which is a resist solvent or an alkaline aqueous solution, exhibits removability, and preferably solubility, only in wet etching chemicals. This composition for forming a resist underlayer film contains a solvent, a heterocyclic compound having a dicyanostyryl group, a cyclic compound including an amide group, for example, and the reaction product of a heterocyclic compound precursor having an epoxy group and an active proton compound, for example.

Abstract: An exposure device and method for semiconductor manufacturing, focusing on the creation of exposure patterns with High Dynamic Range (HDR) capabilities, is disclosed. The exposure device includes a laser source, a first spatial light modulator (SLM), specifically a Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCOS) device, and a second SLM, specifically a Digital Micromirror Device (DMD). The LCOS is positioned upstream in the optical path and is optimized for modulating the phase of the laser. It also directs the laser light towards specific areas on the DMD, crucial for enhancing detail and contrast in exposure patterns. The DMD, placed downstream, is composed of micromirrors that modulate the amplitude of the reflected laser, essential for achieving HDR in exposure patterns. This cooperative interaction between the LCOS and DMD allows for the creation of exposure patterns with a wide range of light intensities, from very bright to very dark, thereby achieving high dynamic range.

Abstract: A substrate holder for a lithographic apparatus has a main body having a thin-film stack provided on a surface thereof. The thin-film stack forms an electronic or electric component such as an electrode, a sensor, a heater, a transistor or a logic device, and has a top isolation layer. A plurality of burls to support a substrate are formed on the thin-film stack or in apertures of the thin-film stack.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an electrophotographic photoreceptor including, on a conductive base, at least a photoreceptive layer or alternatively at least the photoreceptive layer and a protective layer laminated on the photoreceptive layer, in which both or either one of the photoreceptive layer and the protective layer contains a perimidine compound represented by general formula (I): (wherein X represents hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and m represents an integer of 1 to 6).

Abstract: A scanning optical device includes: a first semiconductor laser; a second semiconductor laser; a first coupling lens configured to convert light from the first semiconductor laser into a first light beam; a second coupling lens configured to convert light from the second semiconductor laser into a second light beam; a deflector configured to deflect the first light beam and the second light beam; a first optical sensor configured to detect the deflected first light beam; a second optical sensor configured to detect the deflected second light beam; a first scanning optical system configured to form an image using the deflected first light beam; a second scanning optical system configured to form an image using the deflected second light beam; and a circuit board. The first semiconductor laser, the second semiconductor laser, the first optical sensor, and the second optical sensor are mounted on the circuit board.

Abstract: A developing cartridge may include: a casing; a developing roller extending in a first direction; a developing-roller gear; a coupling including a coupling gear; a first idle gear; a second idle gear; an agitator; a first agitator gear; and a protrusion. The developing-roller gear, the coupling, the first idle gear, the second idle gear, the first agitator gear, and the protrusion may be positioned at an outer surface of the casing. The protrusion may be positioned between a first axis of the coupling and a third axis of the first agitator gear in a second direction connecting the first and third axes. The protrusion may be positioned outside an addendum circle of the developing-roller gear, an addendum circle of the coupling gear, an addendum circle of the first idle gear, and an addendum circle of the second idle gear. The first agitator gear may be spaced apart from the protrusion in the first direction.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a reception unit to receive a job, heating and pressing rotary members to form a nip portion, and a spraying member having a nozzle and a cylinder. The nozzle discharges air to the heating rotary member and a recording material. During a period after the reception unit receives the job and before a leading edge of a first sheet of the recording material reaches the nip portion, the spraying member performs a spraying operation of spraying air in an amount greater than or equal to a predetermined amount. The air that the spraying member sprays on the first sheet of the recording material during the job is higher in temperature than the air that the spraying member sprays during the period after the reception unit receives the job and before the leading edge of the first sheet of the recording material reaches the nip portion.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus to perform an image forming operation for forming an image on a transfer material includes a photosensitive drum, a moving member, a detection unit, and a control unit. The detection unit detect information about a first movement in which the moving member moves from an open position to a shielding position or a second movement in which the moving member moves from the shielding position to the open position. During execution of a non-image forming operation, the control unit executes a multiple switching operation for performing a switching operation a plurality of times. The switching operation is an operation in which the control unit stops the photosensitive drum from being driven and then rotatably re-drives the photosensitive drum. Where the detection unit detects the information about the first movement or the second movement, the control unit performs control to execute the multiple switching operation.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a radial or azimuthal polarization conversion component comprises the steps of: placing a holographic recording material between two right-angle prisms, wherein the holographic recording material is divided into at least four sector-shaped areas and is partially shielded, and only one of the sector-shaped areas is exposed each time; allowing a recording light to pass through the right-angle prisms and the exposed sector-shaped area of the holographic recording material and to interfere with a reflected object light on the holographic recording material; rotating the holographic recording material to expose the other sector-shaped areas one by one to be constructed for manufacturing volume holograms with diffraction angles of 48.19 degrees, 60 degrees or about 85 degrees.

Abstract: Holographic volume gratings in waveguide cells can be recorded using many different methods and systems in accordance with various embodiments of the invention. One embodiment includes a holographic recording system including at least one laser source configured to emit recording beams and a movable platform configured to move between a first position and a second position, wherein when the movable platform is in the first position, the at least one laser source is configured to emit a first set of one or more recording beams toward a first set of one or more stations and when the movable platform is in the second position, the at least one laser source is configured to emit a second set of one or more recording beams toward a second set of one or more stations.