Abstract: To compact a sand-binder mixture in a mould or core box and subsequently apply a hardening gas to the mixture, I apply to the open top of the box a fluid-pervious diaphragm backed by an impervious diaphragm, apply suction to the bottom of the box to draw the diaphragm against the top of the mixture and compact the mixture, and subsequently introduce the hardening gas between the diaphragms so that it passes through the first diaphragm and permeates the mixture within the box.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for preparing foundry moulds or cores from a cold-setting sand based foundry mixture. The foundry mixture is introduced to a mould or core box and during setting of the mixture in the box suction is applied to the box to accelerate the setting time.

Abstract: A depositor for effecting simultaneous deposition of two different confectionery materials into a mold beneath it to form in the mold a deposit consisting of a center surrounded by shell material, the depositor comprising separate hoppers disposed out of contact with one another and serving respectively for the reception of the two materials, an independently controllable heater associated with each hopper, conduits extending from the hoppers to a nozzle assembly constituted by coaxially disposed inner and outer nozzles disposed beneath the hoppers, and pumping mechanism for discharging material from one hopper through one conduit to the inner nozzle and from the other hopper through the other conduit to the outer nozzle, the inner nozzle being thermally insulated from the surrounding components and having an upper portion which extends above the nozzle assembly to provide a heat-dissipating surface.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for filling a foundry mould or core box with a sand-based foundry moulding mixture. The mixture is blown into the box under pressure while suction is applied to the box.

Abstract: A wrapping machine comprises a tube former for a forming a web of wrapping material into a tube with a longitudinal seal, a variable speed feeding mechanism for feeding the web continuously to the tube former, an infeed conveyor for feeding articles in succession into the tube former so that they become entubed in the tube of wrapping material, and crimping dies situated beyond the tube former which are operative to form transverse seals in the tube of wrapping material between the articles. The machine includes an adjustable modulating device for matching the speed of movement of the dies to substantially the speed of advance of the tube during formation of the transverse seals. An adjustable control mechanism is provided for so controlling the dies that they will form, by appropriate adjustment, transverse seals at either every revolution, during alternate revolutions only, or during every 3rd, 4th . . . or nth revolutions of a constant speed driving shaft.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for preparing sand-based foundry moulds and cores, particularly of the cold-setting type made from a sand/binder/catalyst mixture. After the introduction of the sand mixture into a mould or core box, sealing means is located over an open end of the box to enclose the mixture within the box, and suction is applied to the box. The sealing means may comprise a flexible diaphragm, which is drawn by the suction against the adjacent upper surface of the mixture to compact the mixture.

Abstract: A confectionery moulding machine comprising an endless mould conveyor which traverses moulds in continuous procession in an upper run in which the cavities in the moulds face upwardly and in a lower run in which the mould cavities face downwardly, a depositor for depositing liquid confectionery into the moulds in succession as they travel along the upper run, a conveyor band which travels continuously beneath the lower run of the mould conveyor, and a demoulding unit for discharging the fillings of the cavities of each mould in succession onto the conveyor band, the moulds having projections which contact the upper surface of the band on the lower run of the mould conveyor and project from the downwardly facing surfaces of the moulds on the lower run by an amount less than the depth of the mould cavities and constrain the band to run at the same speed as the mould conveyor.

Abstract: Apparatus for depositing fibrous material into containers wherein a predetermined amount of fibrous material is extruded from a chamber holding the main mass of material into a slidable member mounted for reciprocal movement with respect to the chamber. The sliding member is movable to shear the predetermined extruded amount from the main mass and permit it to be deposited into receiving containers.

Abstract: A depositor for effecting simultaneous deposition of two different confectionery materials into a mould beneath it. The depositor includes separate hoppers disposed out of contact with one another for the reception of the two materials, an independently controllable heater associated with each hopper, coaxially disposed inner and outer nozzles disposed beneath the hoppers, pumping mechanism for discharging material from one hopper to the inner nozzle and from the other hopper to the outer nozzle, and thermal insulation between the two nozzles.

Abstract: A rotary article-transfer apparatus, specifically intended for use in a sweet-wrapping apparatus, comprises a rotatable main support, a pocket support slidably mounted on the main support provided with an article receiving pocket, a cam follower mounted on the pocket support and arranged in engagement with a cam track arranged about the axis of rotation of the main support so that, upon rotation of the main support, an article fed to the pocket at one circumferential position, e.g., a feeding position, at a given radial distance from the axis of rotation is moved to another circumferential position, e.g., a twisting position, at a different radial distance from that axis.

Abstract: A mould for use in a confectionery moulding plant and consisting of a thin flexible sheet of plastics material which is vacuum or pressure formed with at least one moulding cavity extending downwardly from it and has at its sides downwardly extending flanges whereby it may be detachably secured to a supporting carrier frame.

Abstract: A jaw crusher is provided with a pressure relieving system to allow a movable jaw of the crusher to yield in case of an excess crushing load. The movable jaw is urged outwardly by a spring and an hydraulic ram exerts inward pressure on the jaw against the spring action. The ram has a control system for reducing the ram pressure when an excess load is encountered allowing the spring to move the jaw outwardly and after a suitable time delay for re-establishing the pressure within the ram to return the jaw to its inner position against the spring action.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for preparing relatively large size foundry moulds and cores from cold-setting foundry sand mixtures wherein successive batches of sand and binder on the one hand with sand and catalyst on the other hand are mixed in a chamber having a rotary mixing element. The batches are discharged from the chamber by gravity into a mould or core box and the chamber is purged by a blast of compressed gas between the successive mixing operations.

Abstract: Apparatus for moulding confectionery, comprising a series of moulds, each of which is divided into a fixed half and a hinged half which is normally aligned with the fixed half, a conveyor for traversing the moulds in sequence past a filling station, through a cooling zone to a discharge station and back to the filling station, a depositor at the filling station which is arranged to deposit different materials into moulding cavities in each half of each mould, mechanism disposed at a folding station beyond the cooling zone for folding the hinged half of each mould about its hinge against the fixed half and effecting deposition of the contents of the moulding cavities thereof into the moulding cavities of the fixed half, mechanism disposed at a following unfolding station for returning the folded hinged half of each mould into alignment with its fixed half, and means for inverting the moulds prior to arrival at the discharge station and turning them right way up during their return to the filling station.