Abstract: A cleaning composition comprises a first surfactant and a second surfactant. The first surfactant is of the general formula R1—O-(A)mH, wherein R1 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon having from 10 to 16 carbon atoms, A is an alkyleneoxy group, and subscript m is a positive number. The second surfactant is of the general formula R2—O—(B)nH, wherein R2 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon having from 12 to 15 carbon atoms, B is an alkyleneoxy group, and subscript n is a positive number. The cleaning composition has an average degree of alkoxylation of from about 3 to about 8 moles and an excess of the first surfactant relative to said second surfactant. The cleaning composition can further comprise a third surfactant in addition to the first and second surfactants. If employed, the third surfactant typically can comprise a linear alkyl sulfonate (LAS) and/or an alkyl ether sulfate (AES).

Abstract: Copolymers prepared by copolymerization of (a) a total of from 3.5 to 20% by weight of at least one polymerizable acid selected from (a1) ethylenically unsaturated C3-C10-monocarboxylic acid and (a2) ethylenically unsaturated C4-C10-dicarboxylic acid or their anhydrides, (b) from 4 to 10% by weight of at least one compound of the general formula I ?the sum of (a) and (b) being in the range from 7.5 to 24% by weight, (c) from 60 to 92.5% by weight of at least one compound of the general formula II (d) from 0 to 0.

Abstract: An insoluble biocatalyst is prepared by forming a mixture consisting essentially of the biocatalyst, one or more water-soluble compounds having two or more acrylamide or meth-acrylamido groups and one or more water soluble amines possessing two or more hydrogen atoms bonded to an amine nitrogen, and forming a gel from the mixture. The water-soluble amine is selected from ammonia, lower diamines, lower polyamines, primary monoamines, polyethyleneimine and polyvinylamine. Beads containing the biocatalyst may be formed by suspending the mixture in a water-immiscible solvent to form droplets prior to gelling. The biocatalyst may be an enzyme, cells or cell fragments.