Abstract: Methacrylic acid can be prepared with advantage by gas phase oxidation of methacrolein or isobutyraldehyde over Mo- and P-containing catalysts at from 250.degree. to 400.degree. C. with cooling of the hot reaction gas to below 100.degree. C., absorption of the methacrylic acid in a water-operated absorption column, at below 100.degree. C. and partial recycling into the oxidation reactor after admixture of methacrolein or isobutyraldehyde and oxygen by feeding a quantity of methacrolein or isobutyraldehyde equal to the quantity of methacrolein or isobutyraldehyde consumed in the reaction in liquid form together with a polymerization inhibitor into the reactor gas in the lower two-thirds of the absorber column and upstream of the feed point for the fresh methacrolein or isobutyraldehyde or down-stream of the absorption column splitting off the reactor off-gas a side stream which is washed in a wash column operated with water at <10.degree. C.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for accumulating yarn from a continuous supply source to waste and apparatus for cutting the yarn initially and upon preparation for threading the yarn into a continuous process.

Abstract: Agents for defoliating cotton plants contain, in addition to conventional additives, a phenylsulfonyl- or hetarylsulfonylurea I ##STR1## where A is substituted phenyl, benzyl or a heteroaromatic radical, Rhu 2 is hydrogen or methyl,R.sup.3 is methyl, methoxy, difluoromethoxy, chlorine or methylamino,R.sup.4 is methyl, methoxy, difluoromethoxy or ethoxy andZ is CH or N,or an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt of the compounds I.

Abstract: Magnetic recording media are produced by dispersion of powdered magnetic material in a mixture of solvents, organic polymer binders, dispersants and further conventional additives in a stirred ball mill and subsequent aftertreatment in a ball mill containing grinding media, application of the resulting dispersion as a layer to a substrate and subsequent consolidation of the layer.

Abstract: Iron whiskers are produced by thermal decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl vapor in an indirectly heated empty-space decomposer in which the cross-sectional area for entry of the iron pentacarbonyl into the empty-space decomposer is from 10 to 40% of the cross-sectional area of the empty-space decomposer, the mass flow density of the iron pentacarbonyl vapor, based on the cross-sectional area of the decomposer, is from 0.01 to 0.07 kg per square meter per second, and the temperature in the empty-space decomposer should at no point be below 360.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to cathodic water-dilutable binders which contain primary amino groups neutralized with acids and introduced via ketimine groups. The binders have been prepared by reacting(A) a synthetic resin containing epoxy groups with(B) at least one compound which, in addition to a mercapto group which is reactive toward epoxy groups, also possesses at least one ketimine group, and, if required,(C) other modifying compounds, such as, for example, monocarboxylic acids and/or other primary and/or secondary amines,and have then been neutralized with an acid.

Abstract: Carboxylic acid derivatives of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkoxy and/or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylthio;R.sup.3 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, formyl, halogen, unsubstituted or substituted amino, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -alkenyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -alkenyloxy, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -alkynyl or C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -alkynyloxy;R.sup.4 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl;R.sup.5 is unsubstituted or substituted five-membered hetaryl or isoxazolinyl or --CR.sup.6 .dbd.NOR.sup.7 ;R.sup.6 is hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl or phenyl;R.sup.7 is unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -alkenyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl or phenyl;A is oxygen or sulfur;X is nitrogen or methine .dbd.CR.sup.8 --;R.sup.8 is one of the radicals R.sup.3, or R.sup.

Abstract: Heat-curable aqueous coating agents for cathodic electrocoating contain(A) an amino-containing polymerization, polycondensation or polyaddition product as a binder which becomes water-dilutable on protonation with an acid,(B) a crosslinking agent and(C) from 0.05 to 10% by weight, based on components (A) and (B), of a monomeric organic complexing agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of aqueous dispersions to be further processed to electrocoating paints with baking temperatures below 160.degree. C. and baking times.ltoreq.30 minutes, which dispersions contain modified epoxide-amine adducts as binders and polyisocyanates blocked by hydroxyl groups as cross-linking agents.In this process polyepoxides and compounds containing one or more, preferably 2, hydroxyl groups per molecule are reacted at elevated temperatures in the presence of catalysts to furnish epoxide-containing intermediates.A solvent or a mixture of solvents is then added with external cooling ahd the solution is boiled under reflux, if necessary in vacuo, until the temperature of the solution drops to 95.degree. C. to 20.degree. C.

Abstract: Salicylaldehyde derivatives and salicyclic acid derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## where A is an unsubstituted or substituted phenyl radical, an unsubstituted or substituted 5-membered heteroaromatic radical having from 2 to 4 nitrogen atoms or two nitrogen atoms and additionally one sulfur or oxygen atom or an unsubstituted or substituted thienyl, pyridyl, naphthyl, quinolyl, indazolyl or benzotriazolyl radical, X is oxygen or sulfur, and the radicals R.sup.1 and R.sup.4 have the means given in the specification, processes and intermediates for their production, and their use as herbicides and bioregulators.

Abstract: A method for making low density (0.8-2 lb/cu.ft.) expanded polymeric products uses blowing agent in an amount of only from 2 to 4.4 weight percent, the process emitting blowing agent during processing in an amount of from only about 0.3 to about 2.5 weight percent. The process uses 2 to 5 expansion steps together with a polymer having a particular polydispersity, weight average molecular weight and M.sub.z :M.sub.n, this polymer having a greater expandability than conventional polymers. The process requires only about half of the amount of blowing agent currently being used in commerically viable processes for making expanded polystyrene products. The process can be used with or without a molding step.

Abstract: Cyclohexenone compounds of the formula I ##STR1## where the substituents have the following meanings: R.sup.1 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, phenyl or benzyl;A oxygen N--OR.sup.2, NR.sup.3 ;R.sup.2 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl;R.sup.3 hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkylthioalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl or benzyl;processes for their manufacture and their use for combating unwanted plant growth and for regulating plant growth.

Abstract: Pulverulent polymers of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid are prepared by polymerizing (a) from 100 to 70% by weight of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or a mixture thereof and (b) from 0 to 30% by weight of vinylsulfonic acid or an alkali metal salt thereof in a monohydric C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alcohol, water or a mixture thereof in a pulverulent bed in the presence of a polymerization initiator and from 0.05 to 10 mol % of thiocarboxylic acid and/or a mercaptoalcohol and from 0.05 to 10 mol % of propionic acid or formic acid as regulators, each percentage being based on the monomers used in the polymerization, by maintaining the pulverulent state during the polymerization, removing the heat of polymerization by distilling off the solvent and recirculating the reaction mixture.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of elastic, compact or cellular moldings based on elastomers containing N-substituted urea and amide groups in bound form, by reactinga) one or more organic and/or modified organic polyisocyanate withb) a polyazomethine-containing polyoxyalkylene-polyamine mixture (b) which contains:bi) one or more polyoxyalkylene-polyaldimine and/or polyketimine,bii) one or more polyoxyalkylene-polyamine containing terminal secondary amino groups, and, if desired,biii) one or more polyoxyalkylene-polyamine containing terminal primary amino groups andc) one or more alkyl-substituted aromatic polyamine having a molcular weight of up to 500, in the presence or absence ofd) catalyst, and, if appropriate,e) blowing agents,f) auxiliaries and/org) additives,to polyazomethine containing polyoxyalkylene - polyamine mixtures which can be used for this purpose and to the prepared elastomers.

Abstract: Foams of density 0.1 to 1.0 g/cm.sup.3 based on aromatic polyether ketones and other thermoplastic polymers having a high melting point are obtained by melting an intimate mixture of the polymer and from 0.5 to 10% by weight of an aliphatic or aromatic dicarboxylic acid or polycarboxylic acid which suffers a weight loss of 50% or more with elimination of gaseous decomposition products on heating to from 130 to 300.degree. C., and simultaneously cooling and molding the melt.

Abstract: Azulenesquaric acid dyes of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 each have specified meanings are prepared from azulene derivatives of the formula ##STR2## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 each have specified meanings as intermediates, and used in an optical recording medium.

Abstract: 1-Halovinylazoles of the general formula I ##STR1## where A and R are each alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, pyridyl, tetrahydropyranyl, naphthyl, biphenyl or phenyl, each of these radicals being substituted or unsubstituted, D is chlorine or bromine, and X is CH or N, acid addition salts and metal complexes thereof which are tolerated by plants, and fungicides and growth regulators containing these compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for coating metal strip by the coil coating process using coating materials consisting of high temperature resistant systems (polyesterimides, polyamidocarboxylic acids, polyamidimides, polyhydantoins and polybismaleimides), pigments and/or fillers, suitable auxiliary substances and additives as well as solvents or solvent mixtures. The coating material is used in a one-coat or two-coat application, only polyesterimides and polyhydantoins being used for the primers as high temperatures resistant systems, while any of the high temperature resistant systems listed are used in the topcoat.

Abstract: Ready-to-Dilute (RTD) herbicide formulations containing crop oil type adjuvants are disclosed which may be added as is to water to form a tank mix for herbicide application. The formulations are storage stable for extended periods, provide for rapid self-emulsification, form a stable tank mix, and moreover provide equal or better herbicidal efficiency than tank mixes containing commercially available standard crop oils and standard herbicide formulations.

Abstract: A fungus Trichoderma sp-34/84, and fungicides containing the same which are used in controlling Pythium fungi.