Abstract: A molded iron catalyst material which has an indentation hardness of from 850 to 1500 kp/cm.sup.2 and contains metallic iron particles, obtained from iron oxide particles by contact with hydrogen at less than 500.degree. C., and a lubricant, its preparation and its use.

Abstract: A pressurized contraception composition in an aerosol container and adapted to form a spray upon release of pressure therefrom which composition is a liquid inside the container and forms a gel on contact with living tissue and process employing same, whereby the composition comprises water, propellant, a polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene copolymer, and preferably a sperm function inhibitor.

Abstract: The invention relates to rigid polyurethane foams prepared by reacting a polyether polyol other than one derived from ethylenediamine, an alkylene oxide adduct of ethylenediamine, catalyst, surfactant, and blowing agent, and an organic polyisocyanate. The compositions are useful for producing insulation panels.

Abstract: 2,5-Dihydro-5-aryliminopyrrole derivatives of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen or alkyl, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each alkyl, and Ar is unsubstituted or substituted aryl, are used for controlling undesirable plant growth.

Abstract: Photopolymerizable water-soluble or water-dispersible mixtures essentially consist of a base polymer, at least one polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated compound, at least one photoinitiator and/or photosensitizer and at least one stabilizer, the thermal polymerization inhibitor being a water-soluble salt of nitrous acid.

Abstract: Electrochemical processes for selectively separating ions in aqueous soltuion are carried out using apparatuses in which two or more different spaces are separated by means of ion exchange membranes, and the membrane material consists of electrochemically prepared pyrrole polymers. Such ion exchange membranes are used as proton and anion exchange membranes.

Abstract: In polyoxybutylene polyoxyalkylene glycols obtained by copolymerization of tetrahydrofuran with a 1,2-alkylene oxide in the presence of a compound containing reactive hydrogen and under the catalytic action of a bleaching earth, the content of oligomeric cyclic ethers is reduced by distillation under reduced pressure at above 200.degree. C. after first treating the copolymer with oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas (air) at a temperature of from 20.degree. to 110.degree. C.

Abstract: 1,2,4,6-Thiatriazine 1,1-dioxide ethers of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, Y, Z and n have the meanings given in the description, are used for controlling undesirable plant growth.

Abstract: 4-Substituted but-3-ene-1-carboxylic acids and their esters R.sup.1 R.sup.2 C.dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 --CO--O--R.sup.3 (I, where R.sup.1 is an organic radical, R.sup.2 is H or R.sup.1, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together form a 5-membered to 20-membered ring, and R.sup.3 is H or lower alkyl) are prepared by carbonylation of R.sup.1 R.sup.2 C(OH)--CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 (II) in the presence of an alcohol R.sup.3' --OH (III, where R.sup.3' is lower alkyl) or, for the preparation of the acids I alone, in the absence of an alcohol III, at from 50.degree. to 150.degree. C. and under from 200 to 700 bar, using a complex of a palladium halide and a tertiary organic phosphine.

Abstract: At the point or points in a vessel (1) at which the liquid or agitated charge level is to be monitored, a heat stream is fed into or out of the interior of the vessel (1) via a heat-conducting element (2) which is in thermal contact with the interior of the vessel (1) on the one hand and with a heat source or cold source (4) on the other hand. In order to indicate the level, the change in the heat stream when the liquid or agitated charge comes into contact with the elements (2) is determined by measuring the temperature of the element in the region of contact by means of a temperature sensor (5).

Abstract: A membrane of a vinyl polymer which contains groups of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each hydrogen, methyl, methoxy, fluorine or trifluoromethyl and R.sup.5 is --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 -- or ##STR2## covalently bonded to the polymer chain, and the use of the said membrane.

Abstract: Formaldehyde is prepared by (a) passing a mixture of methanol and water with a concentration of between 50 and 90% by weight, based on the total weight of the two substances, of methanol into a packed column which possesses a packing having a total layer thickness of not less than 50 cm and a total surface area of not less than 0.5 cm.sup.2 per cm.sup.3 of packing, a liquid circulation of from 15 to 90 g/min per g/min of methanol fed to the column, and a concentration of from 10 to 45% by weight of methanol in the recycle liquid, the temperature at the point of entry of the recycle liquid in the column being from 50.degree. to 86.degree. C. and the bottom temperature being 10.degree.-25.degree. C. lower than this, i.e. from 40.degree. to 70.degree. C., (b) separating off methanol and water from the column by stripping with air, an inert gas and/or exit gas, the throughput being from 0.5 to 3 tonnes of methanol and water per hour per m.sup.

Abstract: Phosphates of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is alkyl of not more than 3 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 is alkoxy, alkylthio or alkylamino each of which has a straight-chain or branched alkyl substituent of not more than 5 carbon atoms, Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 independently of one another are each hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy or halogen, and X is O or S, a process for their manufacture, and their use as insecticides and acaricides.

Abstract: In order to prepare polyester or polyetherpolyester polyols, polyols, preferably di- to hexafunctional polyether polyols having hydroxyl numbers from 15 to 250 are esterified with at least one carboxylic acid anhydride, preferably phthalic acid anhydride, in the presence of N-methylimidazole, triethylenediamine, and/or triphenylphosphine as catalysts to form a carboxylic acid half-ester, and said half-ester is then oxyalkylated with at least one alkylene oxide, preferably ethylene oxide, in the presence of N-methylimidazole, triethylenediamine, triphenylphosphine, thiodialkylene glycol, employing a mixture of at least two of the compounds cited as catalysts.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of cellular, microcellular, and noncellular polyurethane polyurea molded parts with improved demolding characteristics through the reaction injection molding technique wherein unique internal mold release agents are used which are esters and/or amides prepared by reacting a mixture of montanic acid and a carboxylic acid having ten or more carbon atoms with a polyol, alkanolamine, or polyamine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the continuous preparation of organic isocyanates, preferably polyisocyanates, through the reaction of organic amines, preferably polyamines, with phosgene in the presence of organic solvents under pressure, for example from 5 to 100 bar, at elevated temperatures, for example from 100 to 220.degree. C., whereby the reaction mixture is partially recycled, preferably using natural circulation, and the hydrogen chloride content in the reaction mixture prior to the addition of the amine is less than 0.5 percent by weight based on the total weight of the reaction mixture and the molar ratio of phosgene to NH.sub.2 group in the organic amines is from 12:1 to 200:1.

Abstract: Dilute aqueous solutions of high molecular weight polymers of acrylamide or methacrylamide or of homopolymers or copolymers of salts of ethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 -carboxylic acids are stabilized to thermal degradation by adding (a) at least 20 ppm of an inorganic sulfur compound, in which the sulfur has an oxidation number of +2 to +5, and (b) at least 20 ppm of a complexing agent for metal ions.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions which are storage-stable at room temperature and which can be heat-cured to form molded parts having polyurethane, polyurea, and polyisocyanurate groups, said composition containing(a) one or more polyols having a molecular weight of from 400 to 10,000 and a functionality of from 2 to 8,(b) at least one polyfunctional compound having a molecular weight of 62 to 400 and being selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydroxyl compound, cycloaliphatic hydroxyl compounds, aromatic amino compounds, or mixtures thereof, and(c) an organic polyisocyanate which is present in the form of discrete particles, which are deactivated on their surfaces and are dispersed in the liquid component, and depending on the product needs,(d) catalysts,(e) blowing agents,(f) reinforcing materials, and(g) auxiliaries and additives,The single-component systems are used for the preparation of cellular or noncellular, optionally reinforced polyurethane, polyurea, and/or polyisocyanurate group-c

Abstract: Magnetic recording media are produced by preparing a dispersion consisting of finely divided magnetic material, a dispersant, the conventional additives and a solution or a dispersion of a polymeric binder, applying the dispersion in the form of a layer onto a non-magnetizable base, orienting the anisotropic magnetic material by means of a magnetic field and drying the applied layer, by a process in which the dispersant employed is obtained by reactingA. from 70 to 95 parts by weight of a reaction product ofI. from 0.5 to 1.5 moles of an oxoalcohol of 6 to 20 carbon atoms,II. from 6 to 18 moles of ethylene oxide andIII. from 2 to 10 moles of propylene oxide, withB. from 5 to 30 parts by weight of a polyphosphoric acid having a P.sub.2 O.sub.5 content of from 80 to 88%.

Abstract: Leather is finished with a synthetic carboxylated rubber dispersion to which as much as 50% by weight of one or more oxides and/or hydroxides of divalent and/or trivalent metals may have been added, finishing being carried out by a process in which the carboxylated rubber dispersion is prepared by the emulsion feed method, with a conversion of more than 90%, in such a way that it contains from 20 to 60% by weight of carboxylated rubber which is soluble in dimethylformamide at room temperature.