Abstract: The use of 1,3-substituted imidazolium salts of the formula I in which R1 and R3 independently of one another are an organic radical having 1 to 20 C atoms, R2, R4, and R5 independently of one another are an H atom or an organic radical having 1 to 20 C atoms, it also being possible for R4 and R5 together to form an aliphatic or aromatic ring, X is an anion having a pKb of less than 13 (measured at 25° C., 1 bar in water or dimethyl sulfoxide), and n is 1, 2 or 3, with the exception as imidazolium salts of 1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium acetate and 1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium acetate-acetic acid complex, as latent catalysts for curing compositions comprising epoxy compounds.

Abstract: Use of a mixture comprising a surfactant and a cosurfactant in the form of an aqueous solution for flooding underground deposits of hydrocarbons for mobilizing and recovering the hydrocarbons from the underground deposits, the cosurfactant being a substance or a group of substances selected from the following list: an amphiphilic comb polymer having a backbone with two or more side chains attached to the backbone, the side chains differing from one another and/or the side chains differing from the backbone in their amphiphilic character, an amphiphilic polymer having one or more hydrophobic subunits [A2] based on a polyisobutene block, at least 50 mol % of whose polyisobutene macromolecules have terminally arranged double bonds, and one or more hydrophilic subunits [B2], or an amphiphilic polymer having the general structural formula

Abstract: The invention provides plant gene promoters, and essential promoter elements, which are root-specific and/or induced by parasitic nematodes. The promoters of the invention are useful for controlling expression of nucleic acids of interest in plant roots.

Abstract: The present invention relates to heptarylene- and octarylenetetracarboximides of the general formula (I) to precursors thereof or mixtures thereof, and to processes for their preparation and to their use.

Abstract: The present invention relates to vacuum insulation units comprising at least one thermally insulating, evacuatable porous core material which is sealed in an airtight manner and a sorption medium, wherein the sorption medium comprises at least one porous metal-organic framework comprising at least one at least bidentate organic compound coordinated to at least one metal ion, and also shaped bodies comprising such a vacuum insulation unit. Furthermore, the present invention relates to the use of a porous metal-organic framework as getter material in a vacuum insulation unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid agrochemical composition comprising pesticide, formulation auxiliary and alkoxyalkanoate, and to a process for the preparation of this composition. The invention furthermore relates to an alkoxyalkanoate of the formula V R3—C(O)—(O—R4)n—OH??V where R3 is a branched C7-C9-alkyl, R4 is a C2-C4-alkylene, and n is 1 to 3. The invention furthermore relates to the use of the alkoxyalkanoates V in agrochemical formulations. It furthermore relates to the use of the composition according to the invention for controlling phytopathogenic fungi and/or undesired vegetation and/or undesired attack by insects or mites and/or for regulating the growth of plants. Furthermore, it relates to the use of a composition according to the invention for controlling undesired attack by insects or mites on plants and/or for controlling phytopathogenic fungi and/or for controlling undesired vegetation, where seeds of useful plants are treated with the composition.

Abstract: A reactor (1) for preparing phosgene by gas-phase reaction of carbon monoxide and chlorine in the presence of a solid-state catalyst, which is provided in the catalyst tubes (2) of a bundle of catalyst tubes (2) which are arranged parallel to one another in the longitudinal direction of the reactor (1) and are welded at each of their two ends into a tube plate (3), with introduction of the starting materials at the upper end of the catalyst tubes (2) and discharge of the gaseous reaction mixture at the lower end of the catalyst tubes (2), in each case via a cap, and also with introduction and discharge facilities for a liquid heat transfer medium (6) in the intermediate space (4) between the catalyst tubes (2) , where the flow of the heat transfer medium (6) in the space (4) between the catalyst tubes (2) is guided by deflection plates (5), which leave alternating openings (7) free on opposite sides at the interior wall of the reactor, in which openings the deflection plates (5) have cutouts having the shape

Abstract: Two-dimensional nanomaterials are produced in a process comprising the steps of (a) providing (a1) a mixture comprising graphene oxide particles, water and at least one cationic surfactant and/or nonionic surfactant or (a2) a mixture comprising graphene particles, at least one solvent useful for solution exfoliation of graphite and at least one cationic surfactant and/or nonionic surfactant, (b) adding at least one sol precursor compound to the mixture from step (a), (c) reacting the mixture from step (b) in a sol/gel process to form gel from the at least one sol precursor compound on the graphene oxide particles or, respectively, the graphene particles, (d) removing the at least one surfactant, and (e) optionally heating the gel-coated graphene oxide particles for at least 1 min to at least 500° C. under inert gas atmosphere to reduce the graphene oxide to graphene.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a ketone, comprising the reaction of a composition (I) at least comprising a 1,1-disubstituted olefin, with a composition comprising dinitrogen monoxide, wherein the reaction is effected in the presence of a solvent which comprises at least one proton-donating functional group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing resilient compressed foamed material based on melamine-formaldehyde resins, which comprises a melamine-formaldehyde precondensate being foamed and the soft, uncured melamine-formaldehyde foamed material being compressed and subsequently dried and optionally heat treated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a damping element comprising at least one fastening means and a spring element on the basis of cellular polyisocyanate polyaddition products which are firmly connected to each other. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing damping elements of this type and to the use thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a use of surface active hydrophobins for applications in pharmaceutical technology, in particular as excipients for galenic use. Provided is a method for either admixture of hydrophobins to galenic compositions or for treating the surface of pharmaceutical forms with a hydrophobin-containing solution to modify the pharmaceutical properties of the galenic form. In a preferred embodiment of the invention hydrophobins are used to improve the properties of a pharmaceutical composition, e.g. to act as a surfactant or to increase resistance to disintegration of the galenic forms to achieve a retarded drug release. The galenic form to be modified by the use of surface active proteins as excipients can be capsules, tablets, pills, microparticles, vesicles, and suppositories, although further galenic forms are envisioned.

Abstract: The present invention relates to electrodeposition primer compositions comprising catalytically active core/shell particles CS . The electrodeposition primer compositions can be used more particularly for cathodic dip coating for the coating of automobile bodies or parts thereof.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting diode, organic solar cell or switching element comprising at least one substituted carbazole derivative of the general formula (I), (II) or (III) in which X is NR4, O, S or PR4; Y is NR5, O, S or PR5; where at least one of the symbols X and Y is NR4 or NR5; substituted carbazole derivatives of the formula (I), (II) or (III); a light-emitting layer comprising at least one substituted carbazole derivative of the general formula (I), (II) or (III) and at least one emitter material; the use of substituted carbazole derivatives of the general formula (I), (II) or (Ill) as matrix material, hole/exciton blocker material and/or electron/exciton blocker material and/or hole injection material and/or electron injection material and/or hole conductor material and/or electron conductor material in an organic light-emitting diode, an organic solar cell or in a switching element, and a device selected from the group consisting of stationary visual display units, mobile visual display units,

Abstract: The present invention relates to pyrazole compounds of formulae I or II and the salts and N-oxides thereof, wherein A is a pyrazole radical of formulae A1, A2 or A3, wherein # denotes the binding site; R41, R42, R43, R51 are H, halogen, CN, NO2, C1-C10-alkyl and the like; R52, R53 are H, halogen, CN, NO2, C1-C10-alkyl, and the like; R61, R62, R63 are H, CN, NO2, C1-C10-alkyl, and the like; T is C(Rt) or N; U is C(Ru) or N; V is C(Rv) or N; W is C(Rw) or N; with the proviso that at least one of the groups T, U, V and W is N; Rt, Ru, Rv, Rw are H, halogen, C1-C4-alkyl and the like; X1 is S, O or NR1a, wherein R1a is selected H, C1-C10-alkyl and the like; X2 is OR2a, NR2bR2c, S(O)mR2d, wherein m is 0, 1 or 2, R2a is C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl and the like, R2b, R2c are H, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl and the like, or R2b and R2c together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bound form a heterocycle, and R2d is C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl and the like; and R1 is H, CN, C1-C10-alky

Abstract: The present invention describes the use of a composition which can be cured below 40° C., a method of coating fiber/polymer composites, the preparation of curable compositions, and a modular system for preparing said compositions.

Abstract: Provided are selective catalytic reduction (SCR) filters that effectively provide simultaneous treatment of particulate matter and NOx. Provided also are methods for reducing NOx concentration and particulate matter in a diesel engine exhaust by using the SCR filters. The SCR filter can include a fiber matrix wall flow filter comprising a plurality of non-woven inorganic fibers and a chabazite molecular sieve SCR catalyst on the fiber matrix wall flow filter. By combining a fiber matrix wall flow filter with a chabazite molecular sieve SCR catalyst, high catalyst loading can be achieved without causing excessive back pressure across the filter when implemented in emission treatment systems.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of partly silanized compounds based on polyisocyanate as crosslinking agents with heightened refractive index in curable coating compositions, more particularly in clearcoat materials for automotive finishing. The invention likewise relates to a coating composition which comprises these compounds as crosslinking agents, and to the use of the coating composition to produce a coating.

Abstract: The invention relates to a monolithic support member comprising channels with walls separating the channels from each other and having a coating deposited thereon, the non-coated channels having a polygonal cross-section profile, wherein the mean thickness dC of the coating in a corner of said cross-section profile is smaller than or equal to the mean thickness dE of the coating on an edge of said cross-section profile plus 85 micrometer; and further relates to a method for the preparation of such coated monolithic support member, the method comprising (i) providing a suspension having a viscosity in the range of from 0.5 to 100 mPas and having a solid content in the range of from 1 to 40 wt.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pigments, comprising a plate-like substrate of perlite which does not contain 3D twin structure particles contained in milled expanded perlite in an amount of greater than 5% by weight, and (a) a dielectric material, especially a metal oxide, having a high index of refraction; and/or (a) a metal layer, especially a thin semi-transparent metal layer; a process for their production and their use in paints, ink-jet printing, for dyeing textiles, for pigmenting coatings (paints), printing inks, plastics, cosmetics, glazes for ceramics and glass.