Abstract: A process for preparing xylylenediamine by continuously hydrogenating liquid phthalonitrile over a heterogeneous catalyst in the presence of liquid ammonia in a reactor, in which a portion of the reactor effluent is recycled as a liquid circulation stream continuously to the reactor inlet (circulation mode), in which a stream of a phthalonitrile melt in liquid form is conducted by means of a mixer unit into the circulation stream around the hydrogenation reactor, the phthalonitrile conversion in the reactor on single pass being greater than 99%, and the circulation stream consisting to an extent of greater than 93% by weight of liquid ammonia and xylylenediamine and not comprising any further solvent for phthalonitrile.

Abstract: A process for preparing xylylenediamine, comprising the steps of ammoxidizing xylene to phthalonitrile by contacting the vaporous product of this ammoxidation stage directly with a liquid organic solvent (quench), removing products having a boiling point higher than phthalonitrile (high boilers) from the resulting quench solution or suspension and hydrogenating the phthalonitrile, wherein the organic solvent used for the quench is N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), after the removal of the high boilers and before the hydrogenation, there is a partial or complete removal of the NMP and/or of products having a boiling point lower than phthalonitrile (low boilers) and the phthalonitrile for the hydrogenation step is dissolved or suspended in an organic solvent or in liquid ammon.

Abstract: A process for rectificatively separating a liquid which comprises acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or a mixture thereof, and additionally comprises low molecular weight aldehydes and acetone.

Abstract: A method of separating propylene oxide from a mixture (M) comprising 5 to 50 percent by weight propylene oxide and 50 to 85 percent by weight methanol, said method comprising (i) introducing said mixture (M) into an extractive distillation column; (ii) additionally introducing a polar solvent into said extractive distillation column; (iii) distilling propylene oxide overhead from said extractive distillation column at a bottoms temperature of from 40 to 70° C. and at a pressure of from 300 to 750 mbar.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of compound (III) which comprises the reaction between a compound of general formula (V) and dicyano acetylene (IV), said reaction carried out in the presence of water wherein R is selected from CF3, or C1 to C6 alkyl M is an alkaline or alkaline-earth metal or silver.

Abstract: A process for preparing acid formates which comprises (a) partially hydrolyzing methyl formates with water; (b) separating off by distillation methyl formate and methanol from the reaction mixture obtained in process stage (a), forming a stream comprising formic acid and water; and (c) combining the stream comprising formic acid and water from the process stage (b) and the corresponding formate, forming a mixture comprising the acid formate and water, an apparatus for their preparation and their use.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of an optical line detector for regulating the position of the wash front and/or of the build-up front of the crystal bed of a wash column in a melt crystallization process and a corresponding regulation method. The line detector, for example a CCD camera or a linear array of reflection probes, is arranged in such a way that optical properties of the crystal bed can be detected continuously in a region running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the wash column, this region covering the desired setpoint position of the wash front or of the build-up front.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of transition metal-carbene complexes in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), to a light-emitting layer, to a blocking layer for electrons or excitons, or to a blocking layer for holes, each comprising these transition metal-carbene complexes, to OLEDs comprising these transition metal-carbene complexes, to devices which comprise an inventive OLED, and to transition metal-carbene complexes.

Abstract: A method for producing an organic field-effect transistor, comprising the steps of: a) providing a substrate comprising a gate structure, a source electrode and a drain electrode located on the substrate, and b) applying an n-type organic semiconducting compound to the area of the substrate where the gate structure, the source electrode and the drain electrode are located, wherein the n-type organic semiconducting compound is selected from the group consisting of compounds of the formula I wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are independently hydrogen, chlorine or bromine, with the proviso that at least one of these radicals is not hydrogen, Y1 is O or NRa, wherein Ra is hydrogen or an organyl residue, Y2 is O or NRb, wherein Rb is hydrogen or an organyl residue, Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 are O, where, in the case that Y1 is NRa, one of the residues Z1 and Z2 may be a NRc group, where Ra and Rc together are a bridging group having 2 to 5 atoms between the terminal bonds, where, in the case that Y2 is NRb, one of the

Abstract: A process for preparing cyclopentanone, at least comprising the following steps (i) to (iii): (i) providing a mixture G(i) comprising cyclopentene; (ii) providing liquid or supercritical N2O or a liquid or supercritical gas mixture G(ii) comprising at least 20% by volume of N2O, based on the total volume of the mixture G(ii); (iii) contacting the mixture G(i) with the liquid or supercritical N2O or the liquid or supercritical mixture G(ii) to obtain a mixture G(iii) comprising cyclopentanone, wherein the mixture G(i) contains at least 25% by weight and at most 95% by weight, of cyclopentene, based on the total weight of the mixture G(i).

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of phenothiazine S-oxides and S,S-dioxides as matrix materials for organic light-emitting diodes, in particular as matrix materials in the light-emitting layer of the organic light-emitting diodes, to organic light-emitting diodes comprising a light-emitting layer which comprises at least one phenothiazine S-oxide or S,S-dioxide as a matrix material and at least one further substance distributed therein as an emitter, to light-emitting layers which comprise at least one phenothiazine S-oxide or S,S-dioxide as a matrix material and at least one substance distributed therein as an emitter, to light-emitting layers which consist of one or more phenothiazine S-oxides or S,S-dioxides as a matrix material and at least one further substance distributed therein as a matrix material, to organic light-emitting diodes which comprise corresponding light-emitting layers, and to devices which comprise corresponding organic light-emitting diodes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to cosmetic and dermatological preparations for protecting human skin and hair against UV radiation, comprising surface-coated titanium dioxide particles which are transparent in the visible region and have a crystallite size of from 10 to 20 nm and a specific surface area of from 90 to 110 m2/g, wherein the surface coating of the titanium dioxide particles comprises a multicoating of a) aluminum oxide and b) methicone or a copolymer of methicone and dimethicone or a multicoating of a) aluminum oxide, b) methicone or a copolymer of methicone and dimethicone and c) silicon dioxide.

Abstract: A transgenic plant transformed by a Transcription Factor Stress-Related Protein (TFSRP) coding nucleic acid, wherein expression of the nucleic acid sequence in the plant results in increased tolerance to environmental stress as compared to a wild type variety of the plant. Also provided are agricultural products, including seeds, produced by the transgenic plants. Also provided are isolated TFSRPs, and isolated nucleic acid coding TFSRPs, and vectors and host cells containing the latter.

Abstract: A three-dimensional flow cell for aligning non-isometric particles in a liquid sample in two axes, a method of aligning non-isometric particles in a liquid sample, a reflectance sensor which has the three-dimensional flow cell according to the invention, a method of measuring the reflectance of a liquid sample containing non-isometric particles and the use of the reflectance sensor according to the invention.

Abstract: Methods of stabilizing color in a composition, which methods comprise: (a) providing an amino-substituted hydroxybenzophenone compound corresponding to the general formula (I): and (b) combining the amino-substituted hydroxybenzophenone compound with a composition to be stabilized selected from the group consisting of cosmetic preparations and dermatological preparations, are described along with compositions containing an organic dye and an amino-substituted hydroxybenzophenone compound corresponding to the general formula (I).

Abstract: Multimetal oxides corresponding to the general formula (I), processes for their preparation, precatalysts containing such oxides and catalysts made therefrom for gas phase partial oxidation of hydrocarbons: Aga-cQbMcV12Od.eH2O??(I) wherein a represents a number having a value of 5 to 9; Q represents an element selected from the group consisting of P, As, Sb, Bi and mixtures thereof; b represents a number having a value of 0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to aqueous coolants having vapor-space corrosion inhibiting properties, in particular for the run-in phase of internal combustion engines, after which the coolant is drained (engine run-in fluids), containing at least one ammonium salt of phthalic acid monoamides of the following formula (I), where R1 and R2 may be identical or different and are hydrogen or a linear or branched, cyclic or acyclic C1-C2o-alkyl radical and A+ is an ammonium cation.

Abstract: Process for preparing a solution of pure triethylenediamine (TEDA), in which TEDA is vaporized, the gaseous TEDA is passed into a liquid solvent 1 (quench) and the TEDA is crystallized from the resulting solution and separated off (solid-liquid separation), wherein the crystalline TEDA obtained is dissolved in a solvent 2 and a stripping gas is passed through the resulting solution (stripping).

Abstract: A pearlescent pigment comprises (a) synthetic mica substrate, (b) calcined ferrite coating on the substrate, and (c) an outer layer or treatment wherein said outer layer or treatment was added to the calcined ferrite coated synthetic mica in water. The pearlescent pigment may be used in exterior applications such as automotive paint systems.

Abstract: Provided is a base metal undercoat containing catalyst and an exhaust article containing the catalyst. The catalyst contains a base metal undercoat with an oxygen storage component, and at least one catalytic layer. Also provided are methods for preparing the catalyst and methods for monitoring the oxygen storage capacity of an exhaust article containing the catalyst.