Abstract: Systems and methods for classifying and sorting of dark colored and/or black-colored plastic materials utilizing a vision system or one or more sensor systems implemented with one or more medium wavelength infrared cameras whereby the captured image data is process within a machine learning system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, which may then be sorted into separate groups based on such an identification or classification.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods are described for controlling, and communicating with, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) over a millimeter wave (mmWave) communication network established between a base station and the UAVs. A communication system may include one or more unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The communication system may further include one or more base stations including millimeter wave (mmWave) antennas configured to generate control signals to the one or more UAVs over an mmWave communication network.

Abstract: Human-readable (HR) code may be derived from a binary. The HR code may be configured to have statistical properties suitable for machine-learned (ML) translation. The HR code may comprise source code, intermediate code, assembly code, or the like. A machine-learned translator may be configured to translate the HR code into labels comprising semantic information pertaining to respective functions of the binary, such as a function name, role, or the like. Execution of the binary may be blocked in response to translating the HR code to a label associated with malware, such as cryptocurrency mining malware or the like. Conversely, the binary may be permitted to proceed to execution in response to determining that the translation is free from labels indicative of malware.

Abstract: Electromagnetic shields, vehicles, wireless charging systems, and related methods are disclosed. An electromagnetic shield includes a shield member including a coil side to face one or more inductive coils. The electromagnetic shield also includes one or more perimeter shield members configured in a loop proximate to a perimeter of the coil side of the shield member. The shield member and the one or more perimeter shield members are configured to shield electromagnetic radiation emitted by the one or more inductive coils.

Abstract: A method of removing contaminants from a solution comprises passing a solution including one or more contaminants through a first cell comprising a first anode chamber and a first cathode chamber, passing a slurry comprising a flowing electrode material through the first anode chamber and the first cathode chamber while applying an electric potential between the first anode chamber and the first cathode chamber to transport anions from the solution to the first anode chamber and to transport cations from the solution to the first cathode chamber, the flowing electrode material comprising a MXene material, wherein M is a metal and X is one or both of carbon and nitrogen, and passing the slurry through a second cell to desorb the anions and cations from the flowing electrode material. Related systems for removing contaminants from a solution, and related methods are disclosed.

Abstract: A method of forming a metal nanomaterial comprises forming a precursor solution comprising a metal precursor and a metal oxide precursor. A complexing agent is added to the precursor solution, and the metal precursor and the metal oxide precursor are hydrolyzed to form a sol. The sol is heated to form a gel, which is calcined to incorporate metal cations from the metal precursor into a metal oxide lattice from the metal oxide precursor. The calcined gel is exposed to a reducing agent to exsolve the metal from the metal oxide lattice and to form a metal nanomaterial comprising a metal and a metal oxide is formed. Additional methods of forming a metal nanomaterial are also disclosed.

Abstract: Processing flows and related systems and methods are disclosed. A computing system includes one or more data interfaces, one or more other components, and a controller. The one or more data interfaces are configured to provide an interface to a data source. The one or more other components include one or more controller plugins, one or more processing nodes, or both the one or more controller plugins and the one or more processing nodes. The controller is configured to manage interactions between the one or more data interfaces and the one or more other components and enable a user to chain together the one or more data interfaces and the one or more other components according to one or more flows. The one or more controller plugins are configured to provide results of the one or more flows to one of a user interface and a system interface.

Abstract: Methods and systems for producing feedstock powders, suitable for use in laser-based additive manufacturing, use laser ablation to vaporize a source material, which may be in bulk solid or solid coarse grain form. The source material is vaporized by a laser (or other focused energy source) in a vaporization chamber that is temperature controlled to provide a vertical thermal gradient. The vertical thermal gradient may be controlled to, in turn, control the nucleation, coagulation, and agglomeration of the vaporized molecules, enabling formation of microparticles that may then be used as feedstock powders in laser-based additive manufacturing. The produced feedstock powder particles may be of uniform composition, of uniform shape (e.g., substantially spherical), and of uniform phase or homogeneously mixed phases.

Abstract: A sensor assembly for determining an operating characteristic of a nuclear reactor. The sensor assembly includes a solid-state lasing media and an optical fiber. The solid-state lasing media is doped with a fissile species. The solid-state lasing media is disposable within a core of the nuclear reactor and is configured to generate laser light. An output of the laser light is based at least in part by the fissile species. The optical fiber is operably coupled to the solid-state lasing media and configured to receive the laser light generated by the solid-state lasing media. The optical fiber is configured to extend out of the core of the nuclear reactor to a control system of the nuclear reactor.

Abstract: A resilient security agent determines a cyber and/or physical health of a control system by, inter alia, communicating cyber-physical key data through cyber-physical control paths of the system, and determining error introduced by the communication. The resilient security agent may be further configured to verify the integrity of acquired cyber-physical state information. The cyber health of the control system may be evaluated by comparing the acquired cyber state information to one or more cyber state profiles. The physical health of the control system may be evaluated by comparing the acquired physical state information to one or more physical state profiles.

Abstract: A test capsule for measuring at least one property of a material exposed to nuclear radiation comprises a lattice structure configured to exhibit a change in at least one property responsive to exposure to nuclear radiation. The lattice structure comprises a first strut and a second strut connected to the first strut at a node. Related test capsules and methods are also described.

Abstract: A method of hydrogenating carbon dioxide comprises forming a tunable catalyst comprising at least one metal comprising a size within a range of from a single atom to about 999 nanometers and formulated to produce one or more carbon-containing compounds. An electrochemical cell comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode comprising the tunable catalyst, and an electrolyte between the positive electrode and the negative electrode is formed. Carbon dioxide is introduced to the negative electrode of the electrochemical cell and a potential difference is applied between the positive electrode and the negative electrode to selectively hydrogenate the carbon dioxide. The hydrogen ions are diffused through the electrochemical cell. The carbon dioxide at the negative electrode is hydrogenated to selectively form carbon monoxide, methane, or a desired ratio of carbon monoxide and methane. An electrochemical cell and a carbon dioxide hydrogenation system are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods of placing sensors in structures may involve placing first particles including a first material of the structure on or above a support surface. Second particles including a second, different material may be dispersed among the first particles at least within a transition region of the structure proximate to a location where a sensor is to be supported by the structure. A sensor may be placed in the location. The first particles of the first material may be fused to one another and to the second particles of the second material to form the structure with the sensor supported by the structure.

Abstract: Active electromagnetic shielding for dynamic high power wireless charging and related electrified roadway systems, method, and wireless power transmitters is disclosed. A wireless power transmitter includes a first canceling coil offset from a power transmission coil, a second canceling coil offset from the power transmission coil, and circuitry electrically connected to the first canceling coil and the second canceling coil. The circuitry is configured to deliver canceling currents to the first canceling coil and the second canceling coil to destructively interfere with portions of electromagnetic fields generated by the power transmission coil.

Abstract: A method of forming an article comprises forming a feed material around one or more shapeholders and sintering the feed material and the one or more shapeholders to form a sintered article comprising the one or more shapeholders in a base material. The sintered article is exposed to a solvent to remove the one or more shapeholders from the base material. Additional methods are disclosed, as well as articles including one or more microchannels exhibiting a diameter of from about 5 ?m to about 10 mm.

Abstract: A method of treating a fluid comprises introducing a feed fluid stream comprising multiple materials to first side of a semi-permeable membrane. A draw fluid stream having a higher temperature than the feed fluid stream is introduced to second, opposing side of the semi-permeable membrane to form a thermal gradient across the semi-permeable membrane. One or more of the multiple materials of the feed fluid stream is drawn through the semi-permeable membrane and into the draw fluid stream via thermal gradient osmosis. A fluid treatment system and a thermal gradient osmosis apparatus are also described.

Abstract: Various embodiments relate to spread spectrum communication. A communication system may include a base station and a user equipment. The base station may be configured to: add a cyclic prefix (CP) to each block of a number of blocks of a first direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) signal to generate a first cyclic prefix-direct sequence spread spectrum (CP-DSSS) signal; add artificial noise to the first CP-DSSS signal; and transmit, via a channel, the first CP-DSSS signal. The user equipment is configured to receive the first CP-DSSS signal. Associated methods and communications systems are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of forming an alloy includes disposing a first metal oxide and a second metal oxide in a molten salt. The molten salt is in contact with a working electrode and a counter electrode. An electrical potential is applied between the counter electrode and the working electrode to co-reduce the first metal oxide and the second metal oxide to form a first metal and a second metal, respectively.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods are described for millimeter wave device authentication. A system may include one or more access points. Each access point of the one or more access points is configured to extract, from one or more beam patterns generated via a client device, a beam feature associated with the client device. Each access point may also be configured to transmit the beam feature. The system may also include a server communicatively coupled to the one or more access points and including a database for storing known beam features. The server may be configured to receive the beam feature associated with the client device from at least one access point of the one or more access points. Also, the server may be configured to authenticate the client device in response to the received beam feature matching a known beam feature stored in the at least one database.

Abstract: A method of producing hydrogen gas comprises introducing gaseous water to an electrolysis cell comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a proton-conducting membrane between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The proton-conducting membrane comprises an electrolyte material having an ionic conductivity greater than or equal to about 10?2 S/cm at one or more temperatures within a range of from about 150° C. to about 650° C. The gaseous water is decomposed using the electrolysis cell. A hydrogen gas production system and an electrolysis cell are also described.