Abstract: Human-readable (HR) code may be derived from a binary. The HR code may be configured to have statistical properties suitable for machine-learned (ML) translation. The HR code may comprise source code, intermediate code, assembly code, or the like. A machine-learned translator may be configured to translate the HR code into labels comprising semantic information pertaining to respective functions of the binary, such as a function name, role, or the like. Execution of the binary may be blocked in response to translating the HR code to a label associated with malware, such as cryptocurrency mining malware or the like. Conversely, the binary may be permitted to proceed to execution in response to determining that the translation is free from labels indicative of malware.

Abstract: Nickel alloys, methods of making nickel alloys, articles including the nickel alloys, uses of the alloys, and methods of treating nickel alloys are described. The inventive heat resistant structural materials are suitable for applications requiring high yield stress at room temperature and good creep strength at high temperatures, such as in gas turbines, steam turbines, fossil energy boilers, aero engines, power generation systems using fluids such as supercritical carbon dioxide (e.g., advanced ultra-supercritical power plants), concentrated solar power plants, nuclear power plants, molten salt reactors: turbine blades, casings, valves, heat exchangers and recuperators.

Abstract: In a heterogeneous computing environment, a validity flag indicates whether a given memory has a valid copy of a given data object. When the data object is required at a target memory for a scheduled task, another (source) memory having a valid copy of the data object is identified. A protocol guides selection of the source memory based on efficiency of data transfer to the target memory. A data transfer command is generated at runtime, when tasks have been scheduled among respective processors. Execution of the command copies the valid data object from the source memory to the target memory. Superior performance is achieved even in extremely heterogeneous environments. Performance results, variations, and applications are presented.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are aspects of a system for coupling electrochemical marine carbon capture with photosynthesis. In some aspects of the present disclosure, the system comprises an electrochemical cell that converts saline water into (i) a base stream, (ii) an at least partially deionized water stream, and (iii) an acid stream. In some aspects, the system further comprises a biomass cultivation unit in fluid communication with the acid stream, the biomass cultivation unit comprising a photosynthetic organism. The acid stream catalyzes release of CO2 in a growth medium for the photosynthetic organism to accelerate growth of the photosynthetic organism relative to growth without the acid stream and facilitates CO2 storage by the photosynthetic organism. Also disclosed herein are aspects of a method for coupling electrochemical marine carbon capture with photosynthesis.

Abstract: The present disclosure involves designs for a fluid channel assembly that allow for a high entrainment ratio while also sustaining a high fluid mass flow rate through the assembly. The fluid channel assembly includes a first fluid passage and a second fluid passage, where the first and second fluid passages are arranged such that fluid from the second fluid passage is entrained in fluid from the first fluid passage. Fluid passes through at least a portion of the first fluid passage in a form of a plurality of first fluid streams.

Abstract: A low profile pass-through electrical connector is designed for aerospace applications. The connector allows voltage and current to pass-thru a conductive wing surface, while maintaining a low profile height for aerodynamic performance considerations. Examples of applications of the electrical connector include power for thin film heaters and communication antennae applications.

Abstract: A coil, comprising: a wire wound to form a plurality of double-D (DD) sub-coils, each said DD sub-coil having a plurality of sides defining one of a plurality of hexagonal shaped segments arranged to define a honeycomb structure; wherein a magnetic field is created when current passes through the plurality of DD sub-coils, the plurality of DD sub-coils being configured so that when activated the current flows in a same first direction through adjacent sides of first and second ones of the plurality of DD sub-coils, flows in a same second direction through adjacent sides of first and third ones of the plurality of DD sub-coils, and flows in a same third direction through adjacent sides of the second and third ones of the plurality of coils.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of a method and system for converting ethanol to para-xylene. The method also provides a pathway to produce terephthalic acid from biomass-based feedstocks. In some embodiments, the disclosed method produces p-xylene with high selectivity over other aromatics typically produced in the conversion of ethanol to xylenes, such as m-xylene, ethyl benzene, benzene, toluene, and the like. And, in some embodiments, the method facilitates the ability to use ortho/para mixtures of methylbenzyaldehyde for preparing ortho/para xylene product mixtures that are amendable to fractionation to separate the para- and ortho-xylene products thereby providing a pure feedstock of para-xylene that can be used to form terephthalic anhydride and a pure feedstock of ortho-xylene that can be used for other purposes, such as phthalic anhydride.

Abstract: A method of removing contaminants from a solution comprises passing a solution including one or more contaminants through a first cell comprising a first anode chamber and a first cathode chamber, passing a slurry comprising a flowing electrode material through the first anode chamber and the first cathode chamber while applying an electric potential between the first anode chamber and the first cathode chamber to transport anions from the solution to the first anode chamber and to transport cations from the solution to the first cathode chamber, the flowing electrode material comprising a MXene material, wherein M is a metal and X is one or both of carbon and nitrogen, and passing the slurry through a second cell to desorb the anions and cations from the flowing electrode material. Related systems for removing contaminants from a solution, and related methods are disclosed.

Abstract: In an approach to CRAI and risk framework for manufacturing applications, a computer-implemented method for causal effect prediction includes identifying, by one or more computer processors, an intervention, where the intervention is selected from the group consisting of threats, failures, corrections, and relevant outputs; collecting, by the one or more computer processors, process dependency data; creating, by the one or more computer processors, an intervention model; combining, by the one or more computer processors, the process dependency data and the intervention model to create a combined process dependency graph; training, by the one or more computer processors, a causal relational artificial intelligence (CRAI) model; and determining, by the one or more computer processors, an estimate of an intervention efficacy.

Abstract: Electromagnetic shields, vehicles, wireless charging systems, and related methods are disclosed. An electromagnetic shield includes a shield member including a coil side to face one or more inductive coils. The electromagnetic shield also includes one or more perimeter shield members configured in a loop proximate to a perimeter of the coil side of the shield member. The shield member and the one or more perimeter shield members are configured to shield electromagnetic radiation emitted by the one or more inductive coils.

Abstract: In an approach to non-destructive inspection of IC devices, one or more images of a Device Under Test (DUT) are received from one or more imaging devices. Observed features are detected in the one or more images and producing a first synthetic representation of a part design of the DUT that includes the observed features. The presence of one or more first unobserved features are inferred, where the one or more first unobserved features are inferred using a mapping and inference model (MIM). The one or more first unobserved features are added to the first synthetic representation of the part design of the DUT.

Abstract: A multimodal inspection system (MIS) is disclosed herein. The MIS may use one or more modalities to inspect a sample. Some of the modalities include, but are not limited to, Raman, visible (VIS), terahertz (THz) spectroscopy, longwave infrared (LWIR), shortwave infrared (SWIR), laser profilometry (LP), electromagnetic interference (EMI) near field probing, and/or, Millimeter Wave (MMW) radar.

Abstract: A beam steering system includes a differentially segmented aperture antenna comprising a plurality of pyramid structures arranged in an array, and a plurality of elements formed in an array, each element being defined between two adjacent pyramid structures; phase conversion circuitry to determine a phase conversion for each element, the phase conversion for each element being based on an angle of a target with respect to the element, and an operating frequency of the DSA antenna; transmit phase shift circuitry to apply a phase difference for each element based on the phase conversion, the phase difference steering the signal to the target so that the signal interferes constructively; and receive phase shift circuitry to apply a phase difference for each element based on the phase conversion, causing the signal to interfere constructively for a signal of interest, and suppresses an unwanted signal by steering the signal into a null.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of an Al—Ce—Cu alloy for use in additive manufacturing. The disclosed alloy embodiments provide fabricated objects, such as bulk components, comprising a heterogeneous microstructure and having good mechanical properties even when exposed to conditions used during the additive manufacturing process. Methods for making and using alloy embodiments also are disclosed herein.

Abstract: An optical fiber-based gamma-ray calorimeter (OFBGC) sensor array which uses a thermal mass with a low thermal conductivity is provided. Advantages of the OFBGC sensor array include: 1) the number of sensors in the OFBGC sensor array is adjustable and limited only by the spatial resolution of the OFBGC sensors, within the OFBGC sensor array, and 2) the OFBGC sensor design is simpler to build than a conventional optical fiber-based gamma thermometer (OFBGT) sensor array. One purpose of the OFBGC is to determine the power distribution in nuclear reactors.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling traffic flow along an arterial. The systems comprise a data processing apparatus configured to: monitor traffic light control signals (TLCSs) used to control traffic lights at intersection(s) and traffic delays occurring at intersection(s) at a time when the traffic lights are being controlled by TLCSs; access a hybrid model comprising a first linear term corresponding to an instance of traffic delays, a second linear term corresponding to a concurrent instance of TLCSs, and a nonlinear function defining a nonlinear relationship between the instance of the traffic delays and a previous instance of TLCSs; use the hybrid module to predict traffic delays at intersection(s) based on the traffic control signals and the traffic delays; determine, based on TLCSs and the traffic delays, traffic control signals that cause the predicted traffic delays to decrease; and cause the traffic lights to be controlled using the traffic control signals.

Abstract: A method can include: in a heat exchanger, cooling a biocrude oil emulsion stream received from a biocrude oil emulsion source, wherein the emulsion can include a biocrude oil phase, an aqueous phase, and solids; in a first mixing vessel, mixing the emulsion with a solvent to dissolve the biocrude oil phase and form a biocrude-solvent solution; in a first separator assembly, separating the biocrude-solvent solution from the aqueous phase and the solids; in a solvent recovery apparatus, recovering solvent from the biocrude-solvent solution; in a second mixing vessel, mixing the solvent with the aqueous phase and the solids received from the first separator assembly to dissolve biocrude oil remaining in the aqueous phase and the solids; and supplying the solvent and biocrude oil to the first mixing vessel as the solvent. In some examples, such a method can more effectively separate biocrude oil from the emulsion than conventional techniques.

Abstract: Structures including a curved corrugated wall fabricated from a plurality of layers formed of one or more shaped strips and methods of forming the structures are described. A shaped strip used in the fabrication includes a variable profile across the width of the strip with a first edge of a strip defining a series of cell profiles of a first geometric shape and a second, opposite edge of the strip defining a series of cell profiles of a second, different geometric shape, with each cell transitioning from the first profile to the second profile across the width of the strip. The geometry of the cell profiles at either end of each cell can be designed with respect to one another to allow for radial orientation of the strip about an axis with little or no deformation or stress on the strip edges.