Abstract: Use of silica sols containing sulfonic acid groups and/or mercapto groups as nicroparticles in paper production, in particular for paper retention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing iron oxide/iron oxyhydroxide-containing carboxyl-bearing ion exchangers, which is characterized in that a) a bead-type carboxyl-containing ion exchanger is contacted in aqueous suspension with iron(III) salts or a?) an aminomethylated crosslinked polystyrene bead polymer is contacted in aqueous suspension with iron(III) salts and with chloroacetic acid and b) the suspensions obtained from stages a) or a?) are adjusted to pHs in the range from 3 to 14 by adding alkali metal hydroxides or alkaline earth metal hydroxides and the resultant iron oxide/iron oxyhydroxide-containing ion exchangers are isolated by known methods, to the ion exchangers themselves their, and also to their use for the adsorption of heavy metals, in particular arsenic.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing yellow iron oxide pigments by the precipitation method from iron(II) chloride or iron(II) sulphate raw material and calcium carbonate precipitant.

Abstract: A composition and a method for determining changes of a site. The composition includes an aqueous dispersion including at least one binder, at least one substance emitting visible light on UV exposure and optionally a dispersant. The method includes treating the site with a composition, exposing the treated site and/or the untreated areas adjacent thereto to UV light, and determining the deviation of the light intensity of the emitted light of the site Immediately after the treatment with the composition from the light intensity of the emitted light at a later time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing phosphorus compounds and intermediates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing ?,?-difluoroamines, difluoromethylene-?,?-diazo compounds and fluorination reagents containing ?,?-difluoroamines and/or difluoromethylene-?,?-diazo compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing perfluoroalkylanilines and to their use for preparing active ingredients, in particular for agrochemicals.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing 3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzoic acid or solutions containing salts of 3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzoic acid, with naphthalene as the starting substance. Said method essentially comprises the following steps: sulfonation, reaction with alkalis at high temperatures and the expedient preparation of the resultant reaction mixture.

Abstract: The alkaline saponification of acrylonitrile bead polymers provides weakly acidic cation exchangers with little intrinsic color and with reduced residual nitrogen content if the saponification is begun at a temperature T1 of from 70 to 120° C. and, once a degree of saponification of at least 65% has been reached, is completed at a temperature T2 of from 120 to 180° C.

Abstract: Pigment preparations comprising a) at least one pigment, b) at least one polyethyleneimine which is alkoxylated, especially ethoxylated and propoxylated and/or butoxylated, and c) at least one condensation product based on A) sulphonated aromatics, B) aldehydes and/or ketones and optionally C) one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of nonsulphonated aromatics, urea and urea derivatives.

Abstract: Metal complexes of metals of the scandium group with an azo compound which conforms to the formula (I) or to one of its tautomeric structures where R is OH, NH2, NH—CN, arylamino or acylamino, R? is NH2, NH—CN, arylamino or acylamino and R1 and R1? are independently —OH or —NH2.

Abstract: This invention relates to carbon black pellets obtained by compaction of carbon black powder in the presence of auxiliary substances, which pellets, despite the compaction, surprisingly exhibit greater color intensity than the powders on which they are based.

Abstract: Described herein is a process for the preparation of 3,4-diaminobenzenesulphonic acid, characterized in that 1,2-diaminobenzene is reacted with anhydrous sulphuric acid which optionally comprises SO3 in up to stoichiometric amount, at a temperature in the range from 100 to 160° C. with stirring for a reaction time of from 1 to 20 hours; water or ice is added to the reaction mixture, optionally with cooling, up to a sulphuric acid concentration in the range from 30 to 75% by weight, based on the total mixture; the 3,4-diaminobenzenesulphonic acid precipitated out of the reaction mixture is filtered off, optionally washed with dilute sulphuric acid and worked up.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing 2-haloalkylnicotinic acids and haloalkylnicotinic acid derivatives starting from halomethyl-substituted enones and 3-dialkylaminoacrylic esters and also to intermediates of the process according to the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel flame retardant system for polymers comprising a mixture of two different aryl phosphates, to its preparation, and to its use.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel process that makes it possible to epoxidize &agr;,&bgr;-unsaturated enones or &agr;,&bgr;-unsaturated sulfones with high conversions and enantiomeric excesses in the presence of a water-soluble base, an oxidant, a diastereomer- and enantiomer-enriched homo-polyamino acid as catalyst, water, an organic solvent that is immiscible or has only limited miscibility with water, and a specific phase-transfer catalyst as cocatalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a continuous isothermal process for preparing mononitrotoluenes in the presence of a mixed acid component comprising mixtures of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid with concentration of the resultant waste acid and recycling of the concentrated waste acid to the process.