Abstract: A forged piston blank for a forged piston of an internal combustion engine is formed with undercuts between the eye portions and crown side or head portions of the ears so that a larger piston pin may be accommodated by virtue of the fact that the wall thickness at the upper portion of the eye is greater than the wall thickness of the head portion of the ear.

Abstract: Tensioning elements for construction purposes comprising reinforcing rod for prestressing concrete can be fabricated from steel of the following composition:0.7 to 1.0% by weight Mn0.7 to 2.2% by weight Cr0.3 to 0.6% by weight Mo0.5 to 2.2% by weight Niup to 0.45% by weight C (preferably at least 0.1% by weight C.)balance iron and unavoidable steel impuritieswhich is subjected to austenitization, oil quenching and optional tempering to a tensile strength of 1400 to 2000 N/mm.sup.2 and an elongation to break in excess of 7% and preferably about 10% and is welded to a terminal element of the same composition but having a tensile strength substantially 10-20% less than that of the rod, and then incorporated into a concrete structure.

Abstract: The digging tool assembly for an excavator in which the tooth tip is formed with a pin anchored by a securing ring in a recess of an adapter head which fits into the tooth base and traverses a hole in the tooth base so that the pin not only holds the tooth tip and the tooth base together but also anchors both of them to the adapter head which mounts the tool on the movable tool carrier of the excavator, e.g. a tunneling machine or a suction dredge.

Abstract: A carbon steel with at least 1% by weight carbon and at least one carbide-forming alloying element such as chromium is forged into a construction machine-tool part for engagement with abrasive material, the forging provides a fiber extension direction which coincides with the principal direction of abrasive action.

Abstract: The digging tool for loosening and loading comprises an adapter attached to a tool support and a tooth attachable to the adapter. The tooth has a tooth bottom portion and a tooth peak which are independent separate components. The tooth peak has a supporting face and is mounted with that supporting face on a complementary supporting surface of the bottom portion of the tooth. The tooth peak has a mounting pin which is guided through a hole surrounded by the supporting surface of the bottom portion and is deformed into a rivet attaching the tooth peak and the tooth bottom portion.

Abstract: The tool unit is for a rotating cutter head which is operating along the face to be worked on by an excavator or similar machine, with the unit being comprised of a mounting base and an upper tool member. The unit can be secured by welding at the cutter head, and the upper tool member is of knife-like cross section. The cutting edge can be brought into a predetermined operating position. The upper tool member is mounted for rotation in the mounting base of the unit. The mounting of the upper tool member is such that it can rotate or turn about an axis which is inclined or orthogonally disposed at the cutter head with respect to the direction of rotation of the unit. The tool unit is also characterized thereby that the cutting edge of the upper tool can be aligned for operation by way of the attendant cutting forces or forces of reaction.

Abstract: A replaceable tooth article is disclosed for a digging and breaking tool used in a suction head of an excavator consisting of an adapter and a replaceable tooth having a pyramidal outer shape modified with a rounded apex and a plurality of rounded edges. The replaceable tooth is provided with a core composed of a low alloy, temperable and hardenable steel. A tooth peak of hard metal is mounted on the core. The edges of the core extending from the tooth peak are at least partially bevelled. On the bevelled surfaces formed thereby a plurality of edge elements composed of a hard metal, advantageously a carbide metal, are placed so as to form hard metal reinforced edges. All components of the tooth are joined together in a smooth surface.

Abstract: A cutter for an excavator or like earth moving machine or implement has a holder which can be mounted on the machining bucket and formed with a bifurcated end receiving a web between claws of a replaceable tooth. The web projects beyond the cover claws and the channel between the coupling claws of the holder is formed with the pocket into which a fastening element can be inserted so that shanks of this element are received in grooves of the web within the pocket and the tooth is thereby braced against the holder.

Abstract: A one-piece piston is produced by die pressing in a single step, a previously forged blank to bend an annular cylindrical collar thereon and at the same time form a fire rib between two lugs which are pierced in the die-pressing tool so that eyes are formed in the lugs and the latter are calibrated by the piercing operation.

Abstract: A forging method to obtain increased elastic limit without detriment to the elongation and the tensile strength in which a low-alloy steel with up to 0.6% carbon is subjected to forging and the entire forging operation or at least the last forging stage is effected at a temperature up to 1060.degree. C., any earlier forging steps being carried out at temperatures above 1100.degree. C. and up to 1250.degree. C.

Abstract: A forged grinding element made of steel for ball milling consisting of a steel alloy containing from 0.7 to 1.0 weight percent of manganese; 0.7 to 2.2 weight percent of chromium; 0.3 to 0.6 weight percent of molybdenum, 0.5 to 2.2 weight percent of nickel and up to 0.45 weight percent of carbon, the balance iron with the usual steel impurities. This alloy has high hardness and a basic tensile strength amounting to 1300 to 1700 N/mm.sup.2. Its shape is round or polygonal such as pyramid shaped.

Abstract: Vehicle suspension parts especially parts which may be subjected to temperatures as low as -50.degree. C. are made by forging them from a steel of the following composition: 0.35 to 0.45% by weight carbon, less than 0.5% by weight silicon, 0.6 to 0.9% by weight manganese, 0.7 to 1.1% by weight chromium, 0.25 to 0.45% by weight molybdenum, 1.6 to 2.1% by weight nickel, the balance being substantially iron and the usual impurities.

Abstract: A traction element for a traction chain for a wheel of a vehicle, especially a pneumatic tire wheel, has a flat oval configuration and is formed in one piece from a die forged steel with four eyes at corners of an imaginary rectangle along the sides of which transverse ribs and ribs parallel to the direction of travel are provided. The body is in the form of a ring extending substantially the full width of the tire.

Abstract: A piston bottom for large capacity internal-combustion engines is made by forging a saucer-shaped blank from refractory-forging steel and then in a second forging step transforming the saucer-shaped blank into a cup configuration with a planar rim of the blank being transformed into a cylindrical shoulder and an annular bulge of the blank being transformed into an annular boss for connecting the piston bottom of the cylindrical body of the piston. The blank has a convexity projecting on one side of the blank opposite that formed with the bulge.

Abstract: A sprocket wheel for mining applications comprises a forged, austenitized and oil-quenched body which consists essentially of:0.7 to 1.0% by weight manganese,0.7 to 2.2% by weight chromium,0.3 to 0.6% by weight molybdenum,0.5 to 2.2% by weight nickel,up to 0.45% by weight carbon, andbalance iron and usual steel impurities and which is surface-hardened to a depth of about 2 mm, has a hardness of substantially 55 to 60 HRC and a strength of 1400 to 1600 N/mm.sup.2.

Abstract: An anchor for a cutting tooth of a suction dredge comprises a unitary body to be welded onto the periphery of a suction head, this body having a base with a crenellated rim surrounding a tapering head designed to penetrate into a cavity of the cutting tooth. The head has a throughgoing slot alignable with similar cutouts of two lobes of the tooth receivable between crenellations of the body to accommodate a key for retaining the tooth on the head. The body consists of high-strength ductile steel, preferably alloyed with manganese and vanadium, and is formed by forging with the grains of its structure running from the base toward the tip of the head while bending around the slot thereof, the latter being produced by hot forming without chip removal.

Abstract: A rotary stone-cutting head has a body generally centered on and adapted to be rotated in a predetermined direction about a body axis. An array of cutter supports on the body are angularly spaced about the axis. Respective outer cutter teeth carried on some of the supports have relative to the axis respective outer cutting edges generally radially equispaced from the axis and defining on rotation of the body about the axis an outer orbit centered on the axis. Respective inner cutting teeth are carried on the rest of the supports, alternating with the outer cutting teeth. Respective hardened-metal inserts mounted on the inner teeth have relative to the axis respective outer ends generally radially equispaced from the axis and defining on rotation of the body about the axis an inner orbit radially within and coaxial with the outer orbit. These inserts are substantially harder than the teeth. At the start of use of the head, the hardened inserts will not engage the surface being cut before the outer teeth.

Abstract: A rotary stone-cutting head has a body generally centered on and adapted to be rotated in a predetermined direction about an axis. An array of cutter supports on the body directed at least partially in the direction carry respective cutter teeth each having relative to the axis an outer cutting edge and relative to the direction a generally angularly forwardly directed face adjacent the edge and formed with an array of holding recesses. The teeth are at least at the edges of hardened metal. The teeth are removably secured to the respective supports and respective hardened-metal breaking pins have shanks fitted to the recesses and points directed angularly forwardly in the direction. At least some of the points lie angularly ahead in the direction of the respective cutting edge. These points having a crushing effect that greatly augments the effectiveness of the cutting edges.