Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyester resin for use in a thermosetting coating composition, said polyester comprising an acid component, an alcohol component and a trifunctional branching agent; wherein the acid component consists of from 90 to 100 mole % of an aromatic acid or aromatic anhydride or mixture thereof and from 0 to 10 mole % of a polycarboxylic acid or polycarboxylic anhydride or mixture thereof; and wherein the alcohol component consists of at least 60 mole % of one or more glycols selected from the group consisting of CH.sub.3 --CH.sub.2 --C(CH.sub.2 OH).sub.2 --R.sub.1 wherein R.sub.1 is an alkyl and derivatives of said glycols, from 0 to 20 mole % of neopentylglycol, and of up to 20 mole % of a trifunctional branching agent.

Abstract: A metal strip casting apparatus has parallel casting rolls having a nip between them, and a molten metal delivery device for delivery of molten metal into the nip. A casting pool of molten metal is formed in the nip, and pool confining members engage the casting rolls at opposite ends of the nip. A roll drive apparatus is provided to drive the casting rolls in opposite directions, to form a metal strip at the nip. A first chamber forming device extends from the metal delivery means to the casting rolls, to form a pressurizing chamber. Pressurizing chamber seals are formed with the casting rolls on either side of the casting pool. A second chamber forming device is provided, and extends to the rolls to form a gas sealing chamber about the pressurizing chamber, and forms sealing chamber seals with the casting rolls. Gas escaping the pressurizing chamber through the pressure chamber seals will therefore enter the gas sealing chamber. A non-oxidizing gas is delivered to the pressurizing chamber.

Abstract: A molten metal casting pool is confined between a pair of casting rolls (12) by side closure plates (18) applied to the ends of the rolls (12) by thrusters (21). Side closure plates (18) are mounted in holders (25) which are pivotally connected to thrusters (21) by pivot pins (26) so that the side plates (18) can tilt about the pivot connections. Pivot pins (26) are located at such height above the nip between rolls (12) that effect of outward pressure on plates (18) by molten metal of the casting pool is such as to rotationally bias the plates (18) about the pivots in such directions that their bottom ends are biased inwardly to produce increased scaling pressure at bottom of casting pool.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus of continuously casting metal strip (20) is disclosed. A casting pool (30) of molten metal is formed in contact with a moving casting surface such that metal solidifies from the pool (30) onto the moving casting surface. In addition, sound waves are applied to the casting pool of molten metal to induce relative vibratory movement between the molten metal of the casting pool (30) and the casting surface.

Abstract: Apparatus for casting metal strip comprises casting rolls (12), metal delivery means (13, 14, 15, 16) into the nip (17) between the casting rolls (12) whereby to produce a cast metal strip (19). Roll cleaning brush devices (21) comprise brush head mounting structure (22) which carry linear arrays of rotary brush heads (20) applied to the outer sides of the casting rolls (12). The brush heads (20) of each device (21) are driven simultaneously through a gear train by a respective drive motor (35).

Abstract: A sheet metal, elongate structural member is cold roll-formed from a strip of sheet metal no thicker than 1.2 mm, preferably 0.6 mm, including a central zone and two edge zones flanking the central zone and each having a free edge margin. The member includes a substantially planar web (9), a first hollow flange (10) extending along one edge of the web (9) and projecting laterally to both sides of the web, and a second hollow flange (11) extending along the other edge of the web (9) and projecting laterally to one side only of the web. The web (9) includes the central zone and the margins (17, 23) of the original strip secured flatly together by clinches (18, 29), and the hollow flanges are formed from the edge zones of the original strip excluding the margins thereof. The spacing of the clinches is selected so that the shear point of the member's section substantially coincides with the plane of the web.

Abstract: An anti corrosion treatment of an aluminium or aluminium alloy surface comprising the steps of treating the surface with a solution having a pH of from greater than 0 to less than 2 and comprising at least one metal oxo ion completed with phosphorus (V) wherein the metal oxo ion is vanadate or tungstate or a mixture thereof.

Abstract: A generally channel sectioned wall stud 7 which has been cold roll-formed from a sheet metal strip comprises a web 8 and two flanges 9. The web 8 has a substantial central strip that is planar. A nogging clearance hole 10, is provided in the central strip of the web 8 at each point where a nogging 11 is to be affixed thereto. The nogging 11 may be roll-formed from material the same as or similar to that of the stud 7 and is also generally channel sectioned, comprising a web 12, with a flat ended central rib 13 formed therein and flanges 14. The web 12 is pierced by clearance slots 15 arranged in two rows extending longitudinally of the nogging 11. The individual slots 15 are regularly spaced apart along the rows. The nogging clearance hole 10 is shaped to suit the nogging 11. To that end it is partly defined by two tabs 16 projecting from the web 8 and lying in the plane of its central strip 13.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for casting metal strip in which molten metal is introduced between a pair of parallel casting rollers (16) via a tundish (18) and metal delivery nozzle (19b). Casting rollers (16) are cooled so that shells solidify on the moving roller surfaces and are brought together at the nip between them to produce a solidified strip product (20) at the roller outlet. A casting pool is established by pouring a first batch of molten metal at a relatively high temperature above the liquidus temperature of molten metal through the delivery nozzle (19b) and is thereafter maintained by pouring through the delivery nozzle (19b) a second batch of molten metal at a relatively lower temperature. The bottom of the tundish (18) is formed with a well (26) to hold the first batch of molten metal and there is heating means (8) to heat the metal in the well (26).