Abstract: An apparatus is provided for scanning a photographic film or the like with a laser beam. The apparatus includes a roll source or cassette of film to be supplied and used and a take-up cassette to receive the exposed film in the form of a roll. Between the source of the film and the take-up cassette there is provided an arrangement consisting of one or two knurled segments or rollers which peripherally engage the film along the lateral edges thereof in order to transport the film past a laser beam generator and scanner adjacent which the knurled roller or rollers are positioned in order to draw the film at a closely controlled rate past a slot through which the laser beam exits in order to photographically process the film. Between the knurled roller or rollers and the take-up cassette are provided exit rollers which engage the film at a slightly faster speed than the speed at which the film is travelling. The exit rollers are arranged to engage the film with a force of about 21/2-4 pounds.

Abstract: A laser scanning apparatus is provided with a compensating arrangement whereby deviations of a synchronous drive are compensated for by adjusting the frequency with which the laser beam is modulated. The laser beam is directed onto a rotatable spinner which causes the laser beam to scan a synchronized moving medium in a number of sequential and parallel lines, each of which is determined during a cycle of the movement of the spinner. The spinner is driven by a synchronous motor. During each cycle, a period error is measured to determine a compensating signal which is held for the next successive cycle and is used to control the frequency of a variable oscillator which determines the clocking rate at which information is employed to modulate the laser beam. According to the method of the invention, lines of information are placed on a synchronized moving medium responsive to the aforesaid laser beam during successive cycles.

Abstract: A laser scanning apparatus is provided with a compensating arrangement whereby deviations of a synchronous drive are compensated for by adjusting the frequency with which the laser beam is modulated. The laser beam is directed onto a rotatable spinner which causes the laser beam to scan a synchronized moving medium in a number of sequential and parallel lines, each of which is determined during a cycle of the movement of the spinner. The spinner is driven by a synchronous motor. During each cycle, a period error is measured to determine a compensating signal which is held for the next successive cycle and is used to control the frequency of a variable oscillator which determines the clocking rate at which information is employed to modulate the laser beam. According to the method of the invention, lines of information are placed on a synchronized moving medium responsive to the aforesaid laser beam during successive cycles.

Abstract: An audio program is encoded with a subaudible binary code. A first value bit (mark) is a first frequency signal and a second value bit (space) is a second frequency signal. The coded message includes an initialization period constituted by a signal having the mark frequency. In decoding, the mark and space signals are detected through first and second band pass filters specific to the mark and space signal frequencies. The mark and space frequencies are sufficiently different to permit separate filtering. The time duration for each bit of the code is substantial. The decoder through a phase locked loop and integrator reads the bit on the basis of the average value of the bit over the duration of the bit. A synchronization signal provides for synchronous reading of the code. This signal that initiates the decoding operation is generated only in response to the coincident detection of the initialization signal, the notch and a mark response at the phase locked loop.