Abstract: An oxygenator, particularly for proving oxygen and/or carbon dioxide or other gases to culture medium used in the in vitro culture of animal cells, comprised of a collection of elongate gas-permeable, liquid-impermeable tubes through which oxygen-containing gas flows and permeates through the tube walls to provide bubble- and foam-free oxygen gas to medium in contact with or in proximity to the tubes, the individual tubes having an outside diameter of less than about 1 mm and a wall thickness of from about 0.1 mm to about 0.25 mm, the tube collection preferably be radially spread apart at at least one point along its length.

Abstract: Human cell lines that proliferate in the absence of serum or of any macromolecular growth factors are produced by a process comprising removing serum containing culture medium from the culture of a human cell line that requires serum or macromolecular growth factors for growth, replacing the serum-containing culture medium with culture medium deprived of serum and of any macromolecular growth factors, feeding the adherent or non-adherent cells with serum-free and growth factor-free culture medium using conventional cell culture conditions, culturing the cells until they propagate reproducibly and indefinitely in the absence of serum and of any macromolecular growth factors and a serum and growth factor independent cell line has been established. The novel cell lines can be used for the production of biologically active compounds such as proteins, especially plasminogen activators.

Abstract: The invention relates to techniques for isolating from a mixed population of cells disired living cells either producing and releasing a particular product or having a characteristic molecule on their surface. The isolation techniques depend upon the localized interaction between the product (or molecule) and other agents added to the system such that distinguishable conditions can be caused to occur (or not occur) only in the immediate vicinity of desired cells which produced and released the product or which contain the molecule on their surface.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for the in vitro culturing of cells or tissues such that the cells or tissues grow, behave and function in substantially the manner such cells or tissues grow, behave and function within the body, wherein the cells or tissues are contacted or bathed with fresh flowing cell-free lymph. The cell-free lymph may be obtained directly from a living host by removing lymph from the host, rendering the lymph cell-free by suitable means and then using the cell-free lymph as the culture medium for cells or tissues of either the same or different species as that of the host. The cells or tissues preferably are contacted with the cell-free lymph in a chamber in which the cells or tissues are exposed either directly to the flowing lymph or to components thereof.

Abstract: A process for the removal of a specific antibody from the lymph fluid free of lymph cells is disclosed. The lymph is taken from a subject (e.g., human or animal) by means of a thoracic duct fistula by raising the pressure of the central venous system in order that the pressure is above the atmospheric pressure of the thoracic duct. Lymph is separated into cells and lymph fluid containing antibodies. Cells are returned to the subject intravenously. Lymph fluid is mixed with substrate particles attached with specific antigens. An antibody-antigen-substrate particle complex is formed and removed. Subsequently, specific antibody can be split from the specific antigens attached to a substrate particle. The antigen-attached substrate particles can then be re-used. Specific antibody can be introduced into another subject or used for other purposes in biology, in chemistry, and in veterinary and clinical medicine.

Abstract: A process for augmenting production of a specific antibody from a patient including the steps of administering a specific antigen to the patient to cause production of the specific antibody, or choosing a subject containing an antigen, e.g.

Abstract: A process for augmenting production of a specific antibody from a patient including the steps of administering a specific antigen to the patient to cause production of the specific antibody, or choosing a subject containing an antigen, e.g.