Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to functionalized graphene substrates, methods of making such substrates and methods of using such substrates. In one aspect, the present invention provides a graphene substrate. The substrate comprises edge and non-edge regions, and organic or inorganic molecules are bound to the edge regions of the substrate. The organic or inorganic molecules are present on the substrate edges at a population greater than about one molecule per 10,000 nm.

Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to internally functionalized graphene substrates, methods of making such substrates and methods of using such substrates. In one aspect, the present invention is a graphene substrate. The substrate comprises edge and non-edge regions. Organic or inorganic molecules are bound to the non-edge regions of the substrate, and the organic or inorganic molecules are present on the substrate edges at a population greater than about one molecule per 10,000 nm2.

Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to internally functionalized graphene substrates, methods of making such substrates and methods of using such substrates. In one aspect, the present invention is a graphene substrate. The substrate comprises edge and non-edge regions. Organic or inorganic molecules are bound to the non-edge regions of the substrate, and the organic or inorganic molecules are present on the substrate edges at a population greater than about one molecule per 10,000 nm2.

Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to functionalized graphene substrates, methods of making such substrates and methods of using such substrates. In one aspect, the present invention provides a graphene substrate. The substrate comprises edge and non-edge regions, and organic or inorganic molecules are bound to the edge regions of the substrate. The organic or inorganic molecules are present on the substrate edges at a population greater than about one molecule per 10,000 nm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to non contact, vision (imaging device/camera) guided, vision-enabled, solenoid valve liquid dispensing systems and methods of using same for automation of complex laboratory workflows and especially useful for a variety of biomedical and other applications including automated front-end sample preparation for matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry analysis.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and an apparatus for facilitating the creation and study of biological substrates. In particular, the present invention allows the location of materials deposited on a substrate to be identified, and communicated with great precision. This in turn allows additional biological materials to be deposited as probes over target locations. The present invention also allows for small regions of biological materials deposited on a substrate to be identified and repeatedly accessed, even when the biological substrate has been removed from the device originally used to review the region of interest and is then reinserted into the original device. Furthermore, the present invention allows a region of interest to be accurately located even using a machine that is different from the machine originally used to identify the region of interest.