Abstract: The present invention features 5-deazaflavin compounds, pharmaceutical compositions of 5-deazaflavin compounds and methods of treating a patient suffering from cancer, the method comprising administering to a patient one or more 5-deazaflavin compounds of the invention.

Abstract: An electrochemiluminescence cell comprising an electrode capable of inducing an electrochemiluminescence-active species to electrochemiluminesce. The electrode is preferably made of rhodium, iridium or an alloy of platinum, rhodium or iridium alloyed with an alloy material comprising a transition element. The electrode may be used as counter electrode and/or as a working electrode in the electrochemiluminescence cell. The cell preferably includes a counter electrode and a support attached to the counter electrode. The support comprises a transparent portion in optical registration with the working electrode. The counter electrode may include one or more field extending elements interposed between the transparent portion and the working electrode. The field extending element is preferably a ladder or a grid.

Abstract: The present invention features 5-deazaflavin compounds, pharmaceutical compositions of 5-deazaflavin compounds and methods of treating a patient suffering from cancer, the method comprising administering to a patient one or more 5-deazaflavin compounds of the invention.

Abstract: Luminescent chemical reagents that include complexes of rare earth metals with ligands such as aromatic heterocyclic nitrogen-containing compounds and semi-aromatic oxygen-containing compounds are used to detect small quantities of complex substances such as pharmaceuticals, metabolites, and microorganisms in complex sample mixtures.

Abstract: An apparatus for performing a binding assay for an analyte of interest present in a sample based upon measurement of electrochemiluminescence at an electrode surface comprising a cell defining a sample containing volume intersecting with inlet and outlet means, an electrode having a substantially horizontally positioned surface exposed to and positioned below a portion of the sample containing volume, means for impressing electrochemical energy upon said electrode sufficient to generate luminescence, means for magnetically collecting particles along said surface and means for measuring the luminescence generated at said electrode.

Abstract: The present invention provides processes for measuring DNA or RNA binding proteins, specific nucleic acids, as well as enzyme activities using labeled nucleic acids of labeled protein/peptide molecules.

Abstract: A system and method for assessing the immunological status of one or more individuals in a patient population is presented. The method includes establishing a database comprising a plurality of records of information each representative of the immune status of an individual in the population, each of said records including (1) current information from one or more assays for the presence of a biochemical, and (2) individual specific information comprising one or more of said individual's medical history, said individual's doctors' observations and historical, demographic, lifestyle, and familial information relating to said individual. The method further includes processing the information in said database to find trends or patterns relating to the immune status of individuals in said patient population; and using the said trends or patterns as part of a health care related decision making process.

Abstract: This invention pertains to the general field of chemical and biological assays which employ electrochemiluminscence (ECL), also referred to as electrogenerated chemiluminescence. More particularly, the present invention pertains to certain classes of chemical moieties which strongly quench ECL, and the use of these ECL quenchers in combination with ECL labels, for example, in ECL assay methods which employ an ECL quencher and an ECL label. One class of such quenching moieties are those which comprise at least one benzene moiety. Sub-classes of such quenching moieties are those which comprise at least one phenol moiety, quinone moiety, benzene carboxylic acid, and/or benzene carboxylate moiety.

Abstract: A system and method for obtaining, storing, processing and utilizing immunologic information of individuals and populations is presented. In exemplary embodiments of the present invention, a biological sample can be taken from one or more individuals and the sample submitted to one or more panels of assays. The results of the assays can be stored and analyzed, and such analysis can include (i) calculating derived quantities which take the results of the assays as inputs, and (ii) submitting the results and the derived quantities to a set of rules, each of which has a defined output state. In exemplary embodiments of the present invention, based upon the output state of the rules, an appropriate recommendation as to one or more immunization or other interventions can be generated and incorporated with provider and patient reminders.

Abstract: The present invention features 5-deazaflavin compounds, pharmaceutical compositions of 5-deazaflavin compounds and methods of treating a patient suffering from cancer, the method comprising administering to a patient one or more 5-deazaflavin compounds of the invention.

Abstract: Electrochemiluminescent-labels and enzyme substrates, which preferably are conjugated, are used in immunoassays and electrochemiluminescence is generated catalytically. In conventional electrochemiluminescence immunoassays, an anti-analyte antibody molecule can give rise to typically 6–8 electrochemiluminescence-active ruthenium atoms, while in the present invention, each enzyme-labeled anti-analyte molecule can give rise to thousands of electrochemiluminescence-active ruthenium atoms per second. An exemplary immunoassay is based on a catalytic process employing ?-lactamase-conjugated anti-analytes which enzymatically hydrolyze electrochemiluminescent-labeled substrates, making them strongly electrochemiluminescent. The electrochemiluminescence signal generated by each anti-analyte molecule (i.e., each analyte molecule) is much greater than with the conventional method. Accordingly, greater sensitivity can be gained in the measurement of low concentrations of a given immunoassay analyte.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved process for detecting and quantifying a desired nucleic acid sequence. The process involves synthesizing single stranded RNA, single stranded DNA, double-stranded DNA followed by detection using an electrochemiluminescent labeled binding species.

Abstract: Qualitative and quantitative electrochemiluminescent assays for analytes of interest present in multicomponent liquids are provided. These methods comprise contacting a sample with a reagent labeled with an electrochemiluminescent chemical moiety and capable of combining with the analyte of interest, exposing the resulting sample to electrochemical energy and detecting electromagnetic radiation emitted by the electrochemiluminescent chemical moiety. Further provided are methods for detecting and identifying the presence of a multiplicity of analytes in a liquid food or food homogenate.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved process for detecting and quantifying a desired nucleic acid sequence. The process involves synthesizing single stranded RNA, single stranded DNA, double-stranded DNA followed by detection using an electrochemiluminescent labeled binding species.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and kits for performing a binding assay for an analyte of interest present in a sample based upon electrochemiluminescence. The compositions and kits comprise an electrochemiluminescent label, collectable particles, binding reagents, and an electrolyte.

Abstract: A method for the detection of an analyte of interest in a sample, which method comprises the steps of: (1) forming a composition comprising (a) a sample, (b) at least one substance selected from the group consisting of (i) added analyte of interest or an analog of the analyte of interest, (ii) a binding partner of the analyte of interest or its said analog, and (iii) a reactive component capable of binding with (i) or (ii), wherein one of said substances is linked to a label compound having a chemical moiety capable of being induced to luminesce, and (c) a plurality of particles capable of specifically binding with the analyte and/or a substance defined in (b) (i), (b) (ii), or (b) (iii); (2) inducing the label compound to luminesce; and (3) measuring luminescence emitted by the composition to determine the presence of the analyte of interest in the sample.

Abstract: Electrochemiluminescent enzymes, their preparation and use as biosensors are disclosed. Specifically, two appendages are covalently attached to a desired dehydrogenase enzyme; (1) a nicotinamide adenine cofactor or analog thereof, and (2) a luminescent ruthenium complex. For example, glucose concentrations is the following way. A doubly-modified glucose dehydrogenase could oxidize glucose with concomitant reduction of the attached NAD+ to NADH. Because NADH, but not NAD+, is able to interact with surface ruthenium to promote ECL, only enzyme molecules that have reacted with glucose will emit light from their ruthenium label in an ECL instrument. The relative close proximity of NADH and ruthenium on the enzyme surface enhances light emission as compared to the same concentrations in free solution. When NADH reduces ruthenium, it returns to become NAD+, permitting multiple cycles of ECL light emission from a single enzyme molecule. Such biosensors can be used in solution or bound to a solid surface.

Abstract: Bipyridine or phenanthroline ligands presenting functional groups that prevent non-specific binding (in particular, negatively charged functional groups that are unaffected by standard conditions for conjugating biological reagents through amide bonds) are described as are luminescent metal complexes comprising these ligands. The use of luminescent ruthenium and osmium complexes comprising these ligands in electrochemiluminescence assays shows that the use of these labels can significantly reduce the amount of non-specific binding observed relative to assays carried out using reagents labeled with analogous labels that don't present functional groups that decrease non-specific binding.