Abstract: Inside the vacuum enclosure (101) of a cryostat, a plurality of temperature stages form an ordered series in a primary direction. They are cooled to respective cryogenically cooled temperatures with stages (104, 106) of a staged cooling system. A first dilution refrigerator (1001) comprises a first still (109) and a first mixing chamber (110), of which said first still (109) is located on a first still flange (501) and said first mixing chamber (110) is located on a first mixing chamber flange (502). A second dilution refrigerator (1002) comprises a second still (301) and a second mixing chamber (302), of which said second still (301) is located on a second still flange (504) and said second mixing chamber (302) is located on a second mixing chamber flange (505). Said first still flange (501) is thermally separate from said second still flange (504). Said first mixing chamber flange (502) is thermally separate from said second mixing chamber flange (505).

Abstract: Disclosed is a gas handling system (GHS) for a dilution refrigerator, the GHS including a primary pump unit arranged for maintaining a helium output flow including helium vapor from the dilution refrigerator and a helium input flow into the dilution refrigerator for maintaining a cooled operating temperature of the dilution refrigerator. The primary pump unit is arranged for facilitating initiating the helium input flow and the helium output flow for cooling the dilution refrigerator by both capturing the helium vapor from the dilution refrigerator and causing the helium vapor to be condensed for the helium input flow at the dilution refrigerator.

Abstract: A cryogenic cooling system (100), having a working region (101), a first cryocooler (102) having a first cooling stage (103), a first conduit (104) for passing a stream of fluid cooling medium towards the working region (101), at least one thermal coupling (105) of the first conduit (104) and the first cooling stage (103) for cooling the fluid cooling medium, a second cryocooler (106) having a second cooling stage (107), a first cold stage (108), at least one thermal coupling (110) of the second cooling stage (107) and the first cold stage (108) for cooling the first cold stage (108), and a first thermal coupling (111) of the first cooling stage (103) and the first cold stage (108), provided by a coupling element (109), for cooling the first cold stage (108), wherein the coupling element (109) has a controlled thermal coupling for reducing the first thermal coupling when a relevant temperature of the cryogenic cooling system (100) is below a threshold temperature.

Abstract: A cryostat comprises a vacuum enclosure (101) and, inside said vacuum enclosure, a plurality of nested radiation shields (102, 103). Stages of a cryogen-free cooling system (104) are thermally coupled with and configured to cool respective ones of said plurality of nested radiation shields (102, 103). Inside said vacuum enclosure (101) is a thermally conductive layer (201), at least partly surrounding said plurality of nested radiation shields (102, 103). A compressor-driven refrigerator (202) is thermally coupled with said thermally conductive layer (201) and configured to cool said thermally conductive layer (201).

Abstract: A cryogenic cooling system comprises a vacuum chamber, a first support system for cold plates in said vacuum chamber, and a second support system for heat radiation shields in said vacuum chamber. Coupled to said first support system and supported thereby are a plurality of mutually parallel cold plates displaced from each other in a first direction. Said first direction is defined as the direction perpendicular to said cold plates. Coupled to said second support system and supported thereby are a plurality of at least partially nested heat radiation shields. Each of said heat radiation shields is configured to shield a respective sub-space adjacent to a corresponding one of said cold plates. At least a first cold plate of said cold plates is a modular cold plate comprising two or more sections adjacent to each other on the same level in said first direction, said sections being coupled to said first support system independently of each other.

Abstract: A cryogenic cooling system comprises a vacuum enclosure. A first mechanical refrigerator comprises first upper (104) and lower (106) cooling stages in said vacuum enclosure. A first conduit (402) passes a first stream of fluid cooling medium towards a working region. At least one thermal coupling (403) of said first conduit (402) and said first mechanical refrigerator (401) cools said fluid cooling medium on its way towards said working region. A second mechanical refrigerator (404) comprises second upper (405) and lower (406) cooling stages in said vacuum enclosure. At least one thermal coupling (407) of said first conduit (402) and said second mechanical refrigerator (404) cools said fluid cooling medium further after said at least one thermal coupling (403) of said first conduit (402) and said first mechanical refrigerator (401) on the path of said first stream of fluid cooling medium.

Abstract: A device intended for cooling an object being moved within a cryostat comprises a heat transfer section forming a contact surface for said object and means for fastening the heat transfer section to a cooling structure in such a way that said contact surface remains free. The device comprises a spring section which is separate from said heat transfer section and which is arranged to exert on the heat transfer section a spring force pushing said contact surface in a direction in which it is intended to contact said object.