Abstract: Provided herein are diaryl and arylalkyl phosphonates, useful as intermediates in, for example, the synthesis of leukocyte elastase inhibitors, potassium channel modulators, chemiluminescence materials, and flame retardants, and methods for making same. Also provided are N-heterocyclic phosphorodiamidic acids (NHPAs) useful in reactions such as, for example, in the preparation of diaryl and arylalkyl phosphonates. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

Abstract: Superconductive materials and methods of making the same are described, in which the superconductive materials are grown on a crystalline substrate having lattice parameters that impart a strain on the superconductive materials that reduces an applied pressure at which the superconductive materials exhibit superconductivity.

Abstract: A system for determining snowpack characteristics includes a weight plate, at least one pressure sensor, and an inert plate surrounding the weight plate. The weight plate and the inert plate can be spaced apart from one another, and, in some cases, the weight plate has a perimeter and the inert plate surrounds the entirety of the perimeter of the weight plate with a gap formed therebetween.

Abstract: Compositions of matter and methods of identifying and making compositions of matter are disclosed. Some embodiments disclose making and chemically and/or compositionally tuning superconducting hydride materials. Some embodiments disclose an apparatus for making and compositionally tuning superconducting materials. Some embodiments disclose a composition of matter including a solid hydride exhibiting superconductivity at a temperature of at least 150 kelvin at an ambient pressure below 180 gigapascals, or at a temperature of at least 261 kelvin. In one or more embodiments, the superconductor includes a covalent metal hydride having at least three different chemical elements wherein an inter-atomic distance between the hydrogen in the covalent metal hydride is in a range of 1.1-2 angstroms. In yet further examples, the superconductor is formed using molecular exchange and compression of a Van der Waals solid.

Abstract: Described are methods for the recovery of uranium from uranium hexafluoride dissolved directly into ionic liquids.

Abstract: Provided are methods and compositions for controlling growth of fungi.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions, systems, and methods for treating plants, soil, fungal, and/or pathogens. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to compositions having one or more microbial metabolites from a microbial cell bath mixture for the treatment of harmful plant, agriculture, and/or soil pathogens, and also relates to methods of making and using the compositions.

Abstract: An actuation system including a gear assembly, a plurality of friction members, an outsole for an article of footwear and an actuator. The gear assembly having a plurality of gears and each friction member being coupled to a respective gear of the gear assembly and having a series of textured outer surfaces. The outsole having an inner portion, an outer surface, and a plurality of openings extending from the inner portion to the outer surface, each opening being configured to receive one or more friction members such that at least one textured outer surface of each friction member is exposed on the outer surface of the outsole. The actuator is configured to rotate one or more gears of the gear assembly such that each friction member rotates relative to the outsole.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed toward an electrodeposition-based dynamic glass element comprising an electrolyte that includes an aqueous solvent and an additive, wherein the electrolyte is stable over a temperature range that is greater than the stable temperature range of the aqueous solvent alone. In some embodiments, the freezing point of the electrolyte is lowered by its inclusion of the additive. Additives suitable for use in accordance with the present disclosure include alcohols, metal salts, sugars, cryoprotectants, and the like. In some cases, the freezing point of the aqueous-solvent-based electrolyte is lowered from 0° C. to ?40° C. by virtue of the inclusion of the additive. In some cases, the maximum stable temperature of the electrolyte is increased from 100° C. to 110° C. by virtue of the inclusion of the additive.

Abstract: Provided is an e-cigarette that includes a housing containing an atomizer, a first module and a second module. The first module can include a first e-liquid that is free, or substantially free, of flavorants. The second module can store a second e-liquid that includes flavorants. The atomizer can volatilize the first e-liquid by heating to form an aerosol at a high temperature. The heated aerosol can pass along a flow path from the first module into the second module. The second e-liquid can be volatilized at a low temperature within the second module by the heated aerosol.

Abstract: Described are methods for the recovery of uranium from uranium hexafluoride dissolved directly into ionic liquids.

Abstract: Methods and systems are described herein for gaming using historical performance data. A listing of entities is provided to a user. A selection of entities is received from the user. Historical performance data for each of the selected entities during a given performance period is compared to a performance benchmark. A payout is provided based on the number of selected entities that met the performance benchmark during their respective performance period.

Abstract: Disclosed are polyimide blends and methods of making and using same. The disclosed polyimide blends are prepared by first blending an ionic polymer and a poly(amic acid) to form a poly(amic acid) precursor, followed by cyclization. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

Abstract: Disclosed is a test tube rack designed to hold a plurality of test tubes suspended in a bath. The rack is a unitary design having an outer rim with an internal diameter sized to fit over a rim of a vessel that forms the bath. The rack includes a plurality of openings sized to fit a test tube. A top end of each opening includes a plurality of raised portions and a plurality of lowered portions. The raised portions support an outwardly flared rim of a test tube placed in the opening and thus suspends the test tube in the vessel. A central hub joins the plurality of openings together. The rack is formed from a temperature resistant material and can be utilized with both cold and hot baths. The rack is economical and readily scalable to work in conjunction with a variety of vessel sizes.

Abstract: A device for machining a work piece creates an electrical potential between an electrode and the work piece or another conducting body proximate to the work piece. The electrical potential establishes an electrical field within the work piece that is expected to repel electrons and create a region of positively charged ions which repel one another. This region is expected to be weakened and material is expected to be removable from this region of the work piece using less force and energy than when machined by traditional machining techniques.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of methods that utilize dry adhesion tuning of a composite structure to adhere substrates. In some embodiments, the disclosed methods utilize dry adhesion between a composite structure and a substrate and further dynamically control the resulting dry adhesion strength through a heating step, which facilitates rigidity tuning of a core component of the composite structure and/or facilitates thermal control of the interface between the substrate and the composite structure. Also disclosed herein are array devices and other products comprising the disclosed composite structures.

Abstract: Provided herein are diaryl and arylalkyl phosphonates, useful as intermediates in, for example, the synthesis of leukocyte elastase inhibitors, potassium channel modulators, chemiluminescence materials, and flame retardants, and methods for making same. Also provided are N-heterocyclic phosphorodiamidic acids (NHPAs) useful in reactions such as, for example, in the preparation of diaryl and arylalkyl phosphonates. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

Abstract: Provided herein are functionalized phosphonates and methods for making same via phosphite addition to an atom alpha to an electron withdrawing group. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

Abstract: One aspect of the invention provides an automotive electronic control unit (ECU) including: an application processor; and one or more co-processors communicatively coupled to the application processor. The one or more co-processors are configured to: receive data from the application processor; encrypt the data received from the application processor; process the encrypted data to detect faults and generate secure data that is encrypted and free from faults; and communicate the secure data to the application processor.

Abstract: A method of treating a patient to reduce risk of developing Clostridium difficile-associated disease or reducing existing Clostridium difficile-associated disease in a mammalian subject involves administering to a mammalian subject an effective amount of a germination-inhibiting compound derived from taurocholate. Novel compounds of this class are also provided.