Abstract: An emptying apparatus for pasty materials is disclosed. The apparatus consists of a cylindrical container and means for stirring pasty materials in the container. The container is equipped with a spiral pump associated with an adjustable strip baffle along the vertical wall of the container wherein the baffle strip can be adjusted to vary the angle the baffle makes with the container wall. The spiral pump is connected with a suitable outlet means such as a pipe which may be provided with a closure means such as a stopcock and an overflow pipe to return material to the container when the closure means is closed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a zinc dust primer system which renders possible a mass production working of metal sheets by noncutting processes. The said primer system consists of a lower or bottom layer containing the actual zinc dust primer, and a covering layer containing a substance promoting sliding and a binder. A suitable substance promoting sliding is, in particular, graphite. The system of the invention is especially applicable in the automobile, shipbuilding and packing industries and in the construction of steel furniture. It is of special interest in the case of the coil-coating process.