Abstract: Methods and associated systems are disclosed for performing a logging operation within a subterranean wellbore extending within a subterranean reservoir. In an embodiment, the method includes (a) emitting neutrons into the subterranean wellbore or the subterranean reservoir, and (b) detecting gamma rays emitted from atoms disposed within the subterranean wellbore or the subterranean reservoir. In addition, the method includes (c) determining a first gamma ray count within a first energy window of the gamma rays detected at (b), and (d) determining a second gamma ray count within a second energy window of the gamma rays detected at (b). The second energy window is different than the first energy window. Further, the method includes (e) calculating a ratio of the first gamma ray count to the second gamma ray count.

Abstract: Systems and methods that include receiving reservoir data of a hydrocarbon reservoir, receive an indication related to selection of a wavefield propagator, application of the wavefield propagator utilizing Fourier Finite Transforms and Finite Differences to model a wavefield associated with a Tilted Orthorhombic media representative of a region of a subsurface comprising the hydrocarbon reservoir, and processing the reservoir data in conjunction the wavefield propagator to generate an output for use with seismic exploration above a region of a subsurface comprising the hydrocarbon reservoir and containing structural or stratigraphic features conducive to a presence, migration, or accumulation of hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A method, and system to implement the process, of selecting a plurality of sets of source and receiver locations over a survey area, modeling on a subsurface attribute model of a subterranean region each source and receiver pair of the plurality of sets of source and receiver locations to generate low frequency seismic data, performing a reverse time migration on the low frequency seismic data to reposition diving wave energy of each source and receiver pair of the plurality of sets of source and receiver locations to generate a diving wave illumination image, extracting seismic amplitudes from the diving wave illumination image at a region of interest, and computing a contribution of a respective diving wave from each source and receiver pair of the plurality of sets of source and receiver locations to diving waves passing through the region of interest.

Abstract: A method of determining cargo characteristics of a water-borne vessel includes obtaining a first Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image of an area of interest, wherein the water-borne vessel is within the area of interest, and obtaining a second SAR image of the area of interest. In addition, the method includes generating an interferogram using the first SAR image and the second SAR image. Further, the method includes determining a height of the water-borne vessel above a surface of water using the interferogram. Still further, the method includes determining the cargo characteristics of the water-borne vessel based on the height.

Abstract: A method for mitigating a fluid flow from a target wellbore using a relief wellbore includes receiving wellbore geometry information of the target wellbore, receiving an initial interception point of the target wellbore, simulating a change in a three-dimensional flow characteristic of a kill fluid flow from a simulated relief wellbore and a target fluid flow from a simulated target wellbore resulting from an interaction between the kill fluid flow and the target fluid flow at the initial interception point, the simulated target wellbore designed using the received wellbore geometry information, and determining a final interception point of the target wellbore based on the simulation.

Abstract: A device may include a processor that may recover the signals misallocated in the deblending process of seismic data acquired with simultaneous sources. The processor may update the primary signal estimate based at least in part on a separation operation that separates coherence signals from noise signals in an output associated with the residual determined to be remaining energy for separation. The processor may be incorporated into the iterative primary signal estimate of the deblending process or be applied towards preexisting deblending output. In response to satisfying an end condition, the processor may transmit a deblended output that includes the weak coherence signals recovered from the misallocation or error in the primary signal estimate. The processor may also transmit the deblended output for use in generating a seismic image. The seismic image may represent hydrocarbons in a subsurface region of Earth or subsurface drilling hazards.

Abstract: A method is provided of preparing a compound of formula II: where: R1 and R2 are independently selected from —CH2OR?, —CHO, —COOR? and —H, provided that R1 and R2 are not both —H; and R? is selected from —H and C1-6 hydrocarbyl groups, from a compound of formula I: the compounds of formulas I and II being optionally in the form of a salt. The method comprises dehydrating the compound of formula I at: a pH in the range of from 0 to 6 or 8 to 11.5; and a temperature in the range of from 10 to 80° C. The method is particularly useful for synthesizing substituted furans from compounds derived from sugars.

Abstract: The Notice states that an abstract of the technical disclosure is required. In response, Applicant submits herewith a Preliminary Amendment including an abstract in compliance with 37 CFR § 1.72(b). The abstract is based on that submitted in parent U.S. application Ser. No. 15/556,084 (issued as U.S. Pat. No. 11,193,106) and international application no. PCT/US2016/020621, of which U.S. application Ser. No. 15/556,084 is the US national stage application. The submitted abstract differs from the abstract of the parent application only by a correction of “may further comprising” to “may further comprise”. Thus, the abstract contains no new matter.

Abstract: Techniques to match a signature in seismic data with a seismic attribute space. A method includes automatically selecting a first plurality of seismic attributes corresponding to seismic data as first selected seismic attributes, combining the first selected seismic attributes into a first realization of attributes, performing a first cluster analysis on the first realization of attributes to generate a first clustered volume, selecting a region of interest (ROI) in the seismic data, projecting the ROI onto the first clustered volume to generate a first signature, determining a first level of correlation between the ROI and the first signature, and determining whether the first level of correlation between the ROI and the first signature exceeds a predetermined threshold and outputting a first correlation volume corresponding to the first signature when the first level of correlation between the ROI and the first signature exceeds the predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A technique for use in geophysical surveying includes imparting a plurality of humming seismic signals and a plurality of low-frequency seismic signals into a geological formation. The technique also includes receiving returned seismic energy of the plurality of humming seismic signals and the plurality of low-frequency seismic signals after interacting with the geological formation and recording the returned seismic energy.

Abstract: A compact seismic source for seismic acquisition generating a humming signal includes a casing and a low-frequency reciprocating drive. The casing defines a fluid tight chamber and comprises a first casing section and a second casing section of roughly equal mass. The drive is disposed within the fluid tight chamber and, in operation, reinforces the natural reciprocating oscillation of the first and second casing sections relative to one another at a low seismic frequency. In one aspect, this action omni-directionally radiates the low frequency, humming seismic signal. On another aspect, the compact seismic source is substantially smaller than the wavelength of the low seismic frequency. Such a compact source may be deployed to omni-directionally radiate a low frequency, humming seismic signal during a seismic survey.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed that include generating reservoir property profiles corresponding to reservoir properties for pseudo wells based on reservoir data, generating seismic attributes for the pseudo wells, and training a machine learning model by comparing the reservoir property profiles against the seismic attributes. In this manner, the machine learning model may be used to predict reservoir properties for use with seismic exploration above a region of a subsurface that contains structural or stratigraphic features conducive to a presence, migration, or accumulation of hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A method includes receiving a first transition probability matrix (TPM) of a subsurface region, wherein the TPM defines, for a given lithology at a current depth sample (or micro-layer), a probability of particular lithologies at a next depth sample (or micro-layer), receiving seismic data for the subsurface region, utilizing the first TPM and the seismic data to generate first pseudo wells, calculating a second TPM from the first pseudo wells, determining whether the second TPM is consistent with the first TPM, and utilizing the first pseudo wells to characterize a reservoir in the subsurface region when the second TPM is determined to be consistent with the first TPM.

Abstract: A system for monitoring a condition of a component of a well system located proximate to a seabed includes a first sensor assembly to couple to a telescopic joint coupled to an upper end of a riser, wherein the first sensor assembly is configured to measure at least one of a vibration, an inclination, and a strain in the riser, and a data processing system in signal communication with the first sensor assembly, wherein the data processing system is configured to estimate the condition of a subsea stack system based on measurements provided by the first sensor assembly.

Abstract: A tangible, non-transitory computer-readable medium configured to store instructions executable by a processor of an electronic device to access a beam migration image of a subsurface target. In addition, the computer-readable medium is configured to store instructions executable by a processor of an electronic device to determine a decomposition criteria based on at least one of subsurface dip inclinations, subsurface dip azimuths, or a combination thereof. Further, the computer-readable medium is configured to store instructions executable by a processor of an electronic device to decompose the beam migration image into a plurality of partial images according to the decomposition criteria to provide various views of the subsurface target. The plurality of partial images are usable by seismic interpreters in exploration for hydrocarbons within the subsurface target.

Abstract: A process for optimising the removal of calcium from a hydrocarbon feedstock in a refinery desalting process, the refinery desalting process comprising the following steps: (a) mixing one or more wash water streams with one or more hydrocarbon feedstock streams; (b) at least partially separating the wash water from the hydrocarbons in a refinery desalter; and (c) removing the separated water and hydrocarbons from the refinery desalter as one or more desalted hydrocarbon streams and one or more effluent water streams; the process optimisation comprising: (i) providing at least one x-ray fluorescence analyser at at least one point in the refinery desalting process; (ii) measuring the concentration of calcium at the at least one point in the process using the at least one x-ray fluorescence analyser; and (iii) optionally adjusting at least one process condition of the refinery desalting process in response to the calcium concentration measurement in step (ii).

Abstract: A method for performing a seismic survey of an earthen subterranean formation includes deploying a node patch including a plurality of seismic receivers to an offshore seabed in a survey area, deploying a surface vessel towing an array of seismic sources to the survey area located, and activating the array of seismic sources to generate seismic waves as the array of seismic sources are transported in an inline direction through the survey area whereby an imaging activation pattern and a velocity activation pattern are formed, wherein a lateral offset between the velocity activation pattern and the node patch is greater than a lateral offset between the imaging activation pattern and the node patch.

Abstract: A method for stimulating a well extending through a subterranean formation includes (a) introducing a first fracturing fluid into the subterranean formation, and (b) introducing a second fracturing fluid into the subterranean formation that is different in composition from the first fracturing fluid, wherein the second fracturing fluid comprises a temporary diverting agent.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of preparing a furan derivative comprising the steps of (a) converting a monosaccharide to provide a keto-intermediate product; and (b) dehydrating the keto-intermediate product to provide a furan derivative; wherein the keto-intermediate product is pre-disposed to forming keto-furanose tautomers in solution. The method may further comprising a step of oxidizing the furan derivative to provide a furandicarboxylic acid or a furandicarboxylic acid derivative.

Abstract: A computer program product is embodied on a non-transitory computer readable medium. The computer readable medium has instructions stored thereon that, when executed by a computer, causes the computer to perform receiving image data that is to be recognized by the at least one classifier. The image data captures an occurrence of a fossil species. The computer can also perform generating an output via the at least one classifier based on the received image data. The computer can also perform comparing the output of the at least one classifier with a desired output. The computer can also perform modifying the at least one classifier so that the output of the classifier corresponds to the desired output.