Abstract: The invention relates to a Neuro-navigation system comprising a reflector referencing system including passive reflectors and a marker system with markers or landmarks wherein the reflectors as well as the markers as regards their shape, size and material selection as well as their arrangement or attachment on the parts of the body to be operatively treated and on the surgical instruments are configured so that mapping their locations is substantially facilitated or is able to take place more accurately positioned by a computer/camera unit having a graphic display terminal as well as the operative treatment with the aid of this unit. Optionally a surgical microscope, an ultrasonic diagnostic system as well as a calibration procedure may be integrated in the Neuro-navigation system in accordance with the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to a Neuro-navigation system comprising a reflector referencing system including passive reflectors and a marker system with markers or landmarks wherein the reflectors as well as the markers as regards their shape, size and material selection as well as their arrangement or attachment on the parts of the body to be operatively treated and on the surgical instruments are configured so that mapping their locations is substantially facilitated or is able to take place more accurately positioned by a computer/camera unit having a graphic display terminal as well as the operative treatment with the aid of this unit. Optionally a surgical microscope, an ultrasonic diagnostic system as well as a calibration procedure may be integrated in the Neuro-navigation system in accordance with the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to a referencing device for mapping the position of bodily surgical or examination target points comprising at least three reflectors, the position of which can be localized by a computer-assisted position tracking and/or a CT scan, and an adapter connected to the reflectors, by means of which the referencing device is attachable to a part of the body wherein the adapter comprises a mouthpiece securable to the upper jaw by means of vacuum pressure. The invention relates furthermore to a method for referencing bodily surgical or examination target points. The device in accordance with the invention is employed more particularly in radiotherapy and in neurosurgery.

Abstract: A method for mapping surgical target site contours precisely, especially the outer contour thereof, comprises the following steps: producing a plane slice image through the surgery site in the region of the surgery target whereby the plane of the slice image is located substantially perpendicular to a a plane of symmetry of the surgery target site; assigning the images split by the plane of symmetry, more particularly by mirrowing at the plane of symmetry; and establishing the difference in the image contents between the assigned split images and processing the resulting information to determine the location of the contour of the surgery target site, especially the outer contour thereof in the plane of the slice image.

Abstract: The accuracy of radiation therapy is enhanced with the blade collimator of the claimed invention. Particularly, this collimator includes a support device for supporting at least two sets of radiation attenuating blades in a single plane or layer. The blades are reciprocally movable within this support. Shaping of the therapy may be increased by constructing the blades to include a varying width increasing from the central blade toward the exterior blades.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of localizing an instrument relative to three-dimensional corporeal data, particularly for stereotaxis, comprising the following steps: connecting internal markers fixedly to the body to define an intracorporeal, spatial reference system, implementing an analytical scan of the body including the internal markers to determine the positions of the three-dimensional corporeal data obtained from analytical scan in the intracorporeal reference system defined by the internal markers, implementing a referencing step, whereby position and orientation of the intracorporeal reference system defined by the internal markers relative to an extracorporeal reference system defined by external markers is determined and said external markers is located outside of the body in a fixed spatial relationship, determining the position and orientation of an instrument in the extracorporeal reference system with the aid of the external markers and a instrument markers attached to the instrument, and

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a fixation pin for fixing a reference system, especially a head ring for stereotactic treatment, to bony structures, which pin has a shaft made of plastic material with an outside thread, a coupling shoulder for a screwdriver and a point holder, and it has a point, which is held by the point holder. The point has a conical front end, in which case the point is made of a semiprecious stone material.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a device for detecting the position of radiation target points with an anchoring means for attachment to a patient reference system, especially to a stereotactic immobilization system, e.g., a head ring, and with a labeling means, arranged on the anchoring means, for at least one point of coordinates in various three-dimensional projections, in which case the labeling means consists of several computer-printed surface materials, which plot the point of coordinates in a three-dimensional manner.