Abstract: A method for manufacturing a brake disc includes providing at least one sheet of predefined thickness, blanking a first disc-shaped portion in the at least one sheet adapted to make a first plate of a ventilated braking band, blanking a second disc-shaped portion in the at least one sheet adapted to make a second plate of the ventilated braking band, blanking a third portion in the at least one sheet adapted to make at least one ventilation spacer for the ventilated braking band, drawing the third portion by shaping first and second protrusions, forming opposite first and second recesses adapted to make ventilation channels, connecting the first disc-shaped portion to the first protrusion by discontinuous weld spots, and connecting the second disc-shaped portion to the second protrusion by discontinuous weld spots.

Abstract: A band spring arranged straddling a brake disc to apply an elastic action on a brake pad to bias the brake pad away from the brake disc is provided. The brake pad has a backing plate supporting friction material and having a plate edge forming at least one thrust portion and at least one striker portion. The band spring has a band-shaped spring body and three portions, at least two of which mutually distinct, namely a first coupling portion coupling the band spring to a caliper body, a second thrust portion applying an elastic action on the at least one thrust portion and a third abutment portion forming a support that prevents sliding of the second thrust portion when the band spring is subject to external actions, the third abutment portion, when abutting against the striker portion being biased by a peak or buckling load, avoiding that the band spring permanently couples with the brake pad.

Abstract: A braking device has a portion having a braking surface adapted to come into contact with an opposite facing braking surface to apply a braking action, the braking surface being circumferentially free from obstacles to allow relative rotation between the braking surface and opposite facing braking surface when mutually in contact, and defining, in any point with respect to a revolution axis if the braking surface is fixed, or a rotation axis if the braking surface is rotative, an axial direction, a radial direction, a circumferential direction, and a tangential direction. A support connecting portion is radially outside the braking surface, either radially away from or outside the braking surface or either radially close to or inside the braking surface. A cooling portion, included circumferentially and laterally to the support connecting portion, has a plurality of axially through-openings adapted to increase a heat exchange surface and unadapted to create connecting surfaces.

Abstract: A braking system for a motorcycle may have at least (a) a first brake associated with a front wheel of the motorcycle, at least a first electro-hydraulic or electro-mechanical actuator, operatively connected to the first brake, (b) at least a first manual actuation command, associated with and corresponding to the at least one first brake, to send a braking request from a user, (c) at least a second brake associated with a rear wheel of the motorcycle, (d) at least a second electro-hydraulic or electro-mechanical actuator, operatively connected to the second brake, (e) at least a second manual actuation command, associated with and corresponding to the at least one second brake, to send a brake request from a user, and (f) a control unit operatively connected to the first manual actuation command, to the second manual actuation command and to the first and second electro-hydraulic or electro-mechanical actuators.

Abstract: A band spring arranged straddling a brake disc to apply an elastic action on a brake pad to bias the brake pad away from the brake disc is provided. The brake pad has a backing plate supporting friction material and having a plate edge forming at least one thrust portion and a distinct striker portion. The band spring has a band-shaped spring body and at least three portions mutually distinct, namely a first coupling portion coupling the band spring to a caliper body, a second thrust portion applying an elastic action on the at least one thrust portion, and a third abutment portion abutting against the striker portion forming a support that prevents sliding of the second thrust portion when the band spring is subject to external actions, preventing the band spring from permanently coupling with the brake pad, avoiding bilateral constraint in the second thrust portion and third abutment portion between the band spring and the brake pad.

Abstract: A method for detecting malfunctions of a motor vehicle electro-actuated brake apparatus may include the steps of providing, in an electronic control unit, a functional control block and a first functional block having a numerical model representative of the electro-actuated brake caliper. The method may also include providing a target signal to the functional control block for generating the control signal to operate the electro-actuated brake caliper. The method may also include providing the target signal to the first functional block for generating a first signal. In the method, the first signal may be compared with a feedback signal for generating an error signal to be sent to the electronic control unit. Further, the method may include performing, by the second functional block, an error validation check to provide information on the operating state of the electro-actuated brake caliper to the electronic control unit.

Abstract: A caliper body having first and second braking surfaces, a bracket connecting to a caliper support provided in a vehicle and a floating element supported by the bracket to move along the axial direction. The floating element has a first floating element portion facing the first braking surface. The first floating element portion has a biasing device housing to accommodate a biasing device. The floating element has a first floating element bridge protruding straddling the brake disc and a plate-shaped portion extending on a plane along circumferential and radial directions. The plate-shaped portion has end portions protruding from opposite sides with respect to the first floating element bridge, a second inner plate-shape portion side facing the biasing device, two plate-shaped portion projections protruding from the plate-shaped portion side and having thrust surfaces biasing a second pad against the second braking surface and forming with the plate-shaped portion a ventilation channel.

Abstract: A floating disc brake has a supporting bracket, a caliper body connected to the supporting bracket, a first friction pad on a first side of the caliper body, a second friction pad on a second side of the caliper body, fixed to the caliper body, a first piston connected to the first friction pad and a second piston that can freely rest on the first friction pad forming a positioning surface which can abut against a resting surface of the supporting bracket. The first and second pistons can be actuated independently so that a rearward movement of the first piston towards the first side detaches the first friction pad from the brake disc, and a rearward movement of the second piston towards the first side, with the positioning surface abutting against the resting surface moves the caliper body together with the second friction pad towards the second side and detaches the second friction pad from the brake disc.

Abstract: A pad for disc brakes, a method for the manufacturing thereof, and a braking system with the pad are disclosed. The pad for disc brakes has a thickness y and a first surface cooperating with actuating means of a disc brake. The pad also has a second tribologically active friction surface that cooperates with the disc of the disc brake. The pad also has a first portion and a second portion, where the first portion of the pad extends for a thickness y1 from the first surface, and the second portion of the pad extends for a thickness y2 from the second tribologically active friction surface. The first surface and the first portion of the pad are made of carboceramic material, while the second surface and the second portion of the pad are made of carbonaceous material “C/C”.

Abstract: A method of making a fibrous preform in carbon and/or fibres of a carbon precursor may include superposing at least two layers of carbon fibres and/or fibres of a carbon precursor according to a predefined superposition axis Z so as to form a multilayer body. The method may also include needle-punching via least one first needle-punching device the multilayer body in a needle-punching direction substantially parallel to the superposition axis Z to arrange at least part of the fibres parallel to the superposition axis Z, so as to obtain a needle-punched multilayer body. An optional step may include superposing with each other according to the superposition axis Z two or more of the needle-punched multilayer bodies, obtained separately by applying the above steps.

Abstract: A method of making a fibrous preform in carbon and/or fibres of a carbon precursor may include superposing at least two layers of carbon fibres and/or fibres of a carbon precursor according to a predefined superposition axis Z so as to form a multilayer body. The method may also include needle-punching via least one first needle-punching device the multilayer body in a needle-punching direction substantially parallel to the superposition axis Z to arrange at least part of the fibres parallel to the superposition axis Z, so as to obtain a needle-punched multilayer body. An optional step may include superposing with each other according to the superposition axis Z two or more of the needle-punched multilayer bodies, obtained separately by applying the above steps.

Abstract: A brake disc for disc brake comprises a braking band made of gray cast iron or steel, provided with two opposite braking surfaces, each of which defines at least partially one of the two main faces of the disc. The brake disc is provided with a base layer made of totally nickel-free steel which covers at least one of the two braking surfaces of the braking band.

Abstract: A brake disc for disc brake comprises a braking band made of gray cast iron or steel, provided with two opposite braking surfaces, each of which defines at least partially one of the two main faces of the disc. The brake disc is provided with a base layer totally nickel-free and one or more carbides included in the nickel-free steel, which covers at least one of the two braking surfaces of the braking band. An intermediate layer composed of nickel-free steel is interposed between the base layer and at least one of the two braking surfaces of the braking band.

Abstract: A brake disc for a disc brake may have a braking band made of gray cast iron or steel, provided with two opposite braking surfaces, each of which defines at least partially one of the two main faces of the disc. The disc is provided with a base layer constituted by steel having a nickel content of at most 15% which covers at least one of the two braking surfaces of the braking band.

Abstract: A method for producing a titanium nitride coating on the surface of a titanium or titanium alloy substrate may include: a) immersing the titanium or titanium alloy substrate as an electrode in a non-aqueous electrolyte comprising an ionic liquid having nitrogen ions in the presence of a counter electrode; and b) activating an electrochemical process of nitriding the substrate by applying an electric potential between the electrode, and the counter electrode, to generate an anodic electric current to decompose the nitrogen ions by releasing the nitrogen contained therein. The liberated nitrogen penetrates the titanium or titanium alloy substrate until it leads to the conversion to titanium nitride of a surface layer of the substrate, thereby generating a nitrided diffusion surface layer that forms a nitrided surface coating. The electric potential and/or the anodic electric current are modulated in time according to the desired thickness for the nitrided surface coating.

Abstract: A method and system for measuring physical parameters using sensors of the birefringent Fiber Bragg Grating type is provided. In some embodiments, a method and a system for querying a sensor of the birefringent Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) type (e.g., in birefringent fiber), employing heterodyne optical detection and integrated photonic technology is provided.

Abstract: A method for controlling deceleration of a vehicle is provided. The vehicle has a braking system having a braking actuation lever, a braking actuator, and at least one braking device. The method involves measuring a current lever position of the braking actuation lever and a current lever speed of the braking actuation lever, dynamically mapping the current lever position and the current lever speed, processing a deceleration curve as a function of the dynamic mapping, and decelerating the vehicle according to the deceleration curve for each current lever position measured in a lever stroke.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a braking band may include providing a braking band with a base band having an upper face and a lower face, where the base band being is made of titanium or titanium alloy. The method may also include directly depositing a material in particulate form consisting of ceramic and metal and/or intermetallic particles above at least the upper face and/or the lower face so to create an upper coating layer and/or lower coating layer. A braking band for a brake disc may have a base band entirely made of titanium alloy and having an upper face and a lower face, an upper coating layer, and a lower coating layer joined to the base band along the lower face. The upper coating layer and the lower coating layer consist of a mixture of ceramic and metal and/or intermetallic particles.

Abstract: A hydraulic assembly has a hydraulic unit having a hydraulic unit body, in which a delivery channel is formed, the hydraulic unit body having a hydraulic unit body base, in which an inlet mouth is formed. The hydraulic assembly has a connection having a feed pipe for receiving a hydraulic fluid and an eyelet for outputting the hydraulic fluid, the eyelet delimiting an eyelet hole and having an upper eyelet sealing surface and a lower eyelet sealing surface. The hydraulic assembly has a pipe union having a hollow cylindrical body for receiving the hydraulic fluid from the eyelet and introducing the hydraulic fluid into the delivery channel and a pipe union head, an upper gasket and a lower gasket. The connection has a shoulder having a lower projection not interfering with the lower gasket. The connection is coupled in a fail-proof manner to the hydraulic unit, preventing the hydraulic unit from rotating during assembly and use.

Abstract: A powder-coating process of a brake caliper has in sequence the steps of: (a) preparing the brake caliper; (b) applying masking elements to at least one seat and/or duct of said brake caliper; (c) distributing the coating powder on at least one portion of said brake caliper; (d) removing the at least one masking element by automated de-masking means; (e) curing inside a curing oven.