Abstract: A separator for use in a direct reduction reactor comprises an elongated tubular housing having a cooling chamber for receiving a cooling medium for cooling the internal wall surface of the separator contacted by metallized iron fines.

Abstract: A separator for use in a direct reduction reactor comprises an elongated tubular housing having a cooling chamber for receiving a cooling medium for cooling the internal wall surface of the separator contacted by metallized iron fines.

Abstract: In order to attain as low a final temperature as possible after as short a period of time as possible in a method of cooling hot briquetted sponge iron (3) under optimum utilization of the cooling medium, the hot briquetted sponge iron (3), in a first cooling step (11), is passed exclusively by a gaseous cooling medium while being gently cooled and subsequently, in a second cooling step (14), is sprayed with a liquid cooling medium, thus being intensively cooled to the final temperature desired.

Abstract: A method for reforming reducing gas in a fluidized bed process for reduction of ore in a series of ore reducing reactors, including the steps of: passing ore through a plurality of reducing reactors including a final reactor and at least one upstream reactor; flowing a reducing gas through the final reactor so as to reduce ore in the final reactor whereby a flow of partially spent reducing gas including methane and metallized iron dust exits the final reactor; mixing an oxygen source with the partially spent reducing gas so as to combust a portion of the methane with the oxygen source in the presence of the metallized iron dust and provide a reformed reducing gas; and flowing the reformed reducing gas to the upstream reactor.

Abstract: A fluidized bed reactor includes a plurality of nozzles for introducing a fluidizing gas wherein at least some of the nozzles are provided with a plate proximate to the nozzle inlet which redirects the flow of the fluidizing gas to the nozzles. By providing a plate at the inlet of the nozzles the following is accomplished. Even flow distribution of the fluidizing gas through the nozzle is achieved. The pressure drop through the nozzle remains relatively high thus insuring good fluidizing gas acceleration which eliminates the adherence of the fines to the interior surface of the nozzle.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating fine ore in which fine ore is dried by aid of a hot drying gas flowing around the ore particles. After having flown around the ore particles, the drying gas is purified while releasing entrained dust ore particles. The dust ore particles are collected and admixed to the dried fine ore. In order to avoid process disturbances in the further processing of fine ore due to excessive portions of dust ore particles present without the fine ore, drying is effected in the whirl-bed method under simultaneous wind-screening of the fine ore. The drying gas is passed through the fine ore under formation of a whirl bed and the speed of the drying gas is fixed at a rate at which entraining of dust ore particles having dimensions below a predetermined dimension is effected. The dust ore particles entrained in the drying gas are separated, collected and admixed to the dried fine ore in dosed amounts. The apparatus includes a fine ore whirl-bed drying means including a drying-gas feeding means.

Abstract: A direct reduction process is disclosed for iron oxide-containing materials. Synthesis gas is mixed with top gas produced during direct reduction of the iron oxide-containing materials and is used as reduction gas for directly reducing and heating the iron oxide-containing materials up to reduction temperature. In order to set the H.sub.2 S content at a predetermined value by a relatively simple technique and with a relatively simple equipment, at least part of the sulphur contained in the iron oxide-containing materials as H.sub.2 S produced during heating or direct reduction is added to the reduction gas together with the top gas.

Abstract: A direct reduction process is disclosed for iron-oxide-containing materials. Synthesis gas is mixed with top gas produced during direct reduction of the iron-oxide-containing materials and is used as reduction gas for directly reducing iron-oxide-containing materials. In order to avoid or reduce metal dusting caused by an increased CO content of the reduction gas with a simple technique and equipment, the CO/CO.sub.2 ratio of the reduction gas is set at a predetermined value from 1 to 3.

Abstract: With a process for the direct reduction of particulate iron-containing material by fluidization, reformed gas, at least partially freed from CO.sub.2, is supplied to a fluidized-bed reduction zone as a reducing gas and is carried off from the same as a top gas and at least a portion of the top gas together with reformed gas is utilized for direction reduction. To economize on parts of the plant that are impinged on by reducing gas and in order to achieve savings in terms of heating costs, CH.sub.4 and N.sub.2 are, in addition to CO.sub.2, at least partially removed by adsorption, from 50 to 100% of the reformed as and 0 to 100% of the top gas, and the tail gas removed from the reformed gas and/or the top gas by adsorption is utilized as a heating gas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a slide valve for use in high pressure, high temperature, erosive environments. The slide valve includes a valve housing, a liner defining a flow passage within the valve housing through which a medium which contains fluidized iron oxide particles can pass, a stationary valve member fixed relative to the flow passage, and a valve member movable relative to the flow passage and to the stationary valve member for restricting and/or blocking flow through the flow passage. The movable valve member has an orifice therein and is movable between a first position wherein the orifice is aligned with the flow passage and a second position wherein the orifice is non-aligned with the flow passage. The valve is in a fully closed position when a solid portion of the movable valve member closes the flow passage. In a partially open or partially closed positions a solid portion of the movable valve member partially obstructs the flow passage.

Abstract: In a process for treating fine ore, the fine ore is dried by aid of a hot drying gas flowing around the ore particles of the fine ore, the drying gas, after having flown around the ore particles, is purified while releasing entrained dust ore particles and the dust ore particles are collected and admixed to the dried fine ore. In order to avoid process disturbances in the further processing of fine ore due to excessive portions of dust ore particles present within the fine ore,drying is effected in the whirl-bed, i.e., fluidized-bed method under simultaneous wind-screening of the fine ore, whereinthe drying gas is passed through the fine ore under formation of a whirl bed andthe speed of the drying gas is fixed at a rate at which entraining of dust ore particles having dimensions below a predetermined dimension is effected, andthat the dust ore particles entrained by the drying gas are separated, collected and admixed to the dried fine ore in dosed amounts.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for charging fine-grained ore into a reactor pressure vessel through which process gas flows. The heated ore at first is introduced into a conveying pressure vessel, is pressurized within the same by compressed gas and subsequently is conveyed into the reactor pressure vessel through a conveying duct by aid of the compressed gas. In order to ensure favorable utilization of the reactor pressure vessel under uniform stress and to safeguard troublefree progression of reduction while directly charging the ore, a portion of the ore is introduced into at least one further conveying pressure vessel and is pressurized within the same also by compressed gas. Charging of the ore into the reactor pressure vessel is effected continuously by alternately feeding once from the one conveying pressure vessel and subsequently from the other conveying pressure vessel.

Abstract: In a process for the direct reduction of particulate iron-oxide-containing material by the fluidized bed method, reformed gas is mixed with top gas forming in the direct reduction of the iron-oxide-containing material and is fed to a fluidized-bed reduction zone as a reducing gas. To lower the energy demand and utilizing the potential of the reducing gas, both the top gas and the reformed gas are subjected to CO.sub.2 scrubbing and the reducing gas formed by mixing top gas with reformed gas is adjusted to an H.sub.2 content ranging between 45 and 75%, preferably between 50 and 65%, and to a CO content ranging between 10 and 20%.