Abstract: An optical drive is provided with a substantially coherent light source and a collimation element to collimate a beam emanating from the light source. Beam-redirection elements redirect the collimated beam. Each beam-redirection element has noncollinear input and output axes for receiving light along the input axis and propagating the received light along the output axis. A first of the beam-redirection element is rotatable about a principal axis and a second of the beam-redirection elements is rotatable about the output axis of the first beam-redirection element. A focusing element focuses light emanating from the output axis of the second beam-redirection element onto a surface of the optical medium.

Abstract: A system is provided for providing security with an optical card. According to one embodiment of the invention, immunization data can be disposed on an optical card and used in an optical card system to establish that a particular individual has been immunized for a particular disease. The immunization data can be stored in a variety of formats and encrypted for verification. Biometric data can be used with the immunization data to establish that the immunization data applies to that particular individual. The optical card memory allows sufficient biometric data to be stored so as to clearly verify the identity of the card holder.

Abstract: According to the invention, a system for identifying an individual and reading biometric information pertaining to the individual from an optical card is disclosed. The system includes an optical card drive and a biometric scanner that are both coupled to a data processor. The optical card includes biometric data of the individual. The biometric scanner reads the biometric information from the individual.

Abstract: Security of a distribution facility is maintained. Authorization information is read from a security optical card or other technology card presented by a person attempting to engage in a restricted activity within the distribution facility or gain access to the facility. An identity of the person is verified as corresponding to an identity of a cardholder to whom the security optical card was issued. It is confirmed that engaging in the restricted activity or gaining access by the cardholder is permitted in accordance with the authorization information. The person is then permitted to engage in the restricted activity or is given access.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for reading data encoded on an optical card as a series of binary pits formed within optical-card tracks separated by an average optical-card track pitch. A translator and a compact-disc laser head are provided. The compact-disc laser head reads data from a compact disc having data encoded as a series of binary pits formed within compact-disc tracks separated by an average compact-disc track pitch. The translator moves the optical card linearly relative to the compact-disc laser head in a direction of motion. The compact-disc laser head is oriented relative to the direction of motion to accommodate a difference between the average optical-card track pitch and the average compact-disc track pitch.

Abstract: An optical motor-vehicle card is provided as a laminated card having a pattern of burn holes that encode information according to a set of fields. One field is an identification field having optically encoded information identifying an authorized holder of the optical motor-vehicle card. Another field is a driving-status field having optically encoded information summarizing an authorized driving status of the authorized holder.

Abstract: An optical card is authenticated. The optical card has data stored on tracks in an optical storage area At least some of the data are encrypted. A character string is read optically from one of the tracks without decrypting any of the encrypted data. The character string is stored as a sequence of etched and unetched states within the track. The character string read from the track is verified to be identical to a predefined authentication string.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for reading optical cards. A housing has a slot for slidably receiving an optical card. The optical card has physical tracks with an arrangement of physical pits to define on optically encoded biometric. A light detector is fixed in position relative to the housing. An optical train is also fixed in position relative to the housing and is configured to provide optical paths between the light detector and the optical card as the optical card is slid along the slot. A biometric sensor is provided. A processor is coupled with the light detector and with the biometric sensor. The processor has programming instructions to compare a biometric measured by the biometric sensor with the optically encoded biometric read from the optical card with the light detector.

Abstract: A bit sequence is generated that produces a visible image on an optical card when written to the optical card as a series of etched and unetched states according to an optical-card writing protocol. For pixels distributed in two dimensions, an average intensity of the image in each pixel is determined. A bit arrangement is assigned to the pixel in accordance with the determined average intensity. For tracks distributed in one of the two dimensions across multiple of the pixels, bits defined by the pixel bit arrangements are mapped and distributed linearly within the track to a two-dimensional representation.

Abstract: Methods are provided for executing a banking transaction for a customer. Account information is read from an optical banking card for a banking account associated with the optical banking card. The account information includes a current balance for the banking account. A request is received from the customer to execute the banking transaction, which effects a change in the balance of the account. A movement of funds is coordinated in accordance with the request to execute the banking transaction. Updated account information is written to the optical banking card. The updated account information includes a new current balance for the banking account that accounts for the movement of funds.

Abstract: According to the invention, a method for distributing drug interaction information for pharmacological compounds is disclosed. In one step, a request is received for a pharmacological compound for administration to a party. A list is received that includes a plurality of other pharmacological compounds associated with the party. A listing of possible drug interactions related to at least one of the pharmacological compound or the plurality of other pharmacological compounds is read from an optical card. It is determined if the pharmacological compound is contraindicated from the listing of possible drug interactions. A subset of the listing of possible drug interactions relevant to use of the pharmacological compound with the plurality of other pharmacological compounds is printed.

Abstract: A method is provided for writing a record to an optical card. A session key is generated randomly. The session key is encrypted using a private key of a public/private key pair associated with a particular cryptographic-key management device. The record is encrypted using the session key. A serial number for the particular cryptographic-key management device, the encrypted private key, and the encrypted record are optically written to the optical card.

Abstract: A cryptographic-key management device is provided. A secure cryptographic module is provided with a first memory storing a private cryptographic key of multiple public/private key pairs. The secure cryptographic module is adapted to zeroize the first memory in response to physical disruption of the module. A secure microcontroller is provided in communication with and adapted to control operation of the secure cryptographic module. The secure microcontroller has a second memory storing the public keys of the public/private key pains and a self-destruct pin whose activation disables the microcontroller. A package encapsulates the secure cryptographic module and the secure microcontroller, and is linked with the self-destruct pin to activate the self-destruct pin in response to a breach of the package.

Abstract: A hardware random-number generator is provided. Random shot noise is generated by first and second quantum random shot-noise generators. A differential amplifier is provided in electrical communication with the shot-noise generators to subtract signals produced by the shot-noise generators. An analog comparator is provided in electrical communication with the differential amplifier to quantize a difference signal produced by the differential amplifier.

Abstract: According to the invention, a system for identifying an individual and reading biometric information pertaining to the individual from an optical card is disclosed. The system includes an optical card drive and a biometric scanner that are both coupled to a data processor. The optical card includes biometric data of the individual. The biometric scanner reads the biometric information from the individual.

Abstract: A self contained system for identifying and storing information pertaining to an individual, the information including biometric information about the individual, the information being stored on an optical card. The system includes a read write system adapted for digitally reading from and writing to the digital card. A device for obtaining biometric data from an individual is also attached to the system. A data processing and storing system provided in communication with the read write device and the device for obtaining biometric data to compare data from the optical card and the data obtained from the device for obtaining biometric data, and then deliver data to the read write system for writing on the optical card.