Abstract: The concentration or amount of living micro-organisms in a liquid sample can be determined in a reliable manner by determining the concentration of a substance, secreted by the micro-organisms, in the sample, which sample then is subjected to a treatment killing the micro-organisms; whereupon the concentration of the substance is measured anew. The relation between the first and second concentration is used as a measure of the concentration of micro-organisms in the sample.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for measuring the amount/activity of the enzyme catalase before or in connection with bleaching of cellulose fibers preferably in a pulp suspension for the purpose of providing a better and more uniform product quality and a correct dosing of the actual bleaching substance during the bleaching. According to the invention a measurement sample is derived from a predetermined volume of the pulp suspension after or during the bleaching. Further, a determined amount of bleaching substance is added to the sample, which is agitated so that the bleaching substance is decomposed and oxygen gas is generated, which oxygen gas pushes out a certain sample volume from the measurement sample, which sample volume is measured after a determined time and is directly or indirectly converted, e.g. via a simple algorithm, to a value representing the actual amount of catalase.

Abstract: Blade holder for creping of a web travelling on a rotating cylinder (2) or for doctoring the surface of the cylinder, comprising a blade (3) directed opposite to the travelling direction of the cylinder (2), a blade carrier (41) for the blade, further comprising a pressure ledge (13) extending along the whole length of the blade and arranged to exert a pressure at or adjacent to the upper longitudinal edge of the blade (3) via pivotable pressure arms (15) evenly distributed along the length of the ledge and arranged on the blade carrier (41) to bring said edge to engagement against the cylinder (2). Each pressure arm (15) is arranged to be individually actuated by a pressure means having a double folded membrane (35) for actuation of the pressure arm (15) by means of a pressure medium.

Abstract: The invention relates to an arrangement in regulating valves for steam, gases or liquids and includes a cage (2) fixedly disposed in a valve housing (1), there being a movable valve body in the cage, the body (3) being positionally settable in the fixed cage (2) via a spindle (4) such as to be sealingly engageable via a sealing surface (5) formed on it against a seating (6) formed in the valve housing (1), the body (3) during its movement to its upper, i.e. fully open, position successively uncovering orifices (9) in the fixed cage (2) for achieving a gradual increase in through-flow area in the valve.

Abstract: A device for the coating of a travelling web (7), preferably a paper web, comprising a back-up element (3), a metering means (9) cooperating therewith and intended for the application onto the web (7) across essentially the full width thereof a coating liquid (13), a coating blade (17) positioned downstream of the metering means (9), and means for feeding the web (9) in the nip between the back-up element (3) and the metering means (9) and between the back-up element (3) and the coating blade (17). The device further comprises at least one edge lubricating means (27) which is positioned adjacent to one edge (43) of the web and upstream of the metering means (9), and which is arranged to deposit along said one edge (43) a string of lubricating liquid at least up to a position cross-wise and inwardly of the web adjacent to the margin of the coating liquid (13) when applied, whereby uneven wear of the coating blade (17) is avoided; and a process for the coating of a travelling web.

Abstract: The invention relates to concentration measurement transmitters, more specifically to an arrangement for a static, blade-type transmitter, which includes a blade active in the medium to be measured and suspended by a spindle such that shear force moment at the blade is translated via the spindle to a measurement converter for determining fiber concentration in the medium, the converter preferably being situated in the transmitter housing, into which the spindle extends and is sealed against it with the aid of a lead-through.

Abstract: A coating device for one- or two-sided coating of a travelling web includes at least one counter-device and at least one first metering device placed on the opposite side of the web (5) for applying onto said web, in cooperation with said counter-device, a coating agent. The metering device (7) includes an evening or metering member (11) extending across the web over its full width. The evening or metering member is made of a flexible, elongate element (21, 23), the length of said element (21, 23) substantially exceeding the width of the web (5) and being arranged to be fed across the web (5) so that new sections of the element will come into contact with the web to ensure correct evening or metering of the supplied coating agent. The coating device according to the invention can be used for transfer coating as well as direct coating.

Abstract: An apparatus for blade coating of a travelling web, preferably a paper web, comprising means for supporting and feeding of the web and a doctor blade extending across the web and engaging the web along a first long-side thereof for evening out a coating composition applied to the web and a blade holder carrying the blade along a second long-side, characterized by pressure means arranged to bring, by applying pressure from an outer side of the blade and adjacent to the first long-side, the first long-side of the blade to engagement on the web without imparting substantial bending to the blade as seen in its cross section, said blade being movably clamped in the blade holder; a process for evening the coating of such a traveling web using such an apparatus.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for reducing steam pressure and temperature in a steam conditioning valve, in which steam flow is regulated with the aid of a valve plug (5) displaceably arranged in a valve seating (4), the plug being perforated by a plurality of holes (6), while cooling water is simultaneously taken into the upper portion (8) of the valve and is regulated in proportion to the regulation of process steam, said water being taken through a hollow valve spindle (7) passing through the plug (5) for discharge through a jet (12) downstream of the center of the departing steam flow. The plug (5) has at least one row of holes (14) in its central region (13). For small opening amounts of the valve (1) process steam is taken through at least one separate duct (15) up to and past the coolant outlet from its openings (16) such as to flow past and break up the coolant, which is ejected from the duct (15) in the vicinity of, and just above the coolant outlet openings (16).

Abstract: An apparatus for coating a travelling web (5), having supply systems (10,15,16;31,33;41;47,49;73) for the supply of coating agent (11) to the web (5), the systems including a metering device (15;31;41;47,49;75;77) extending across the whole width of the web and which by an intermittent contact surface (27,29;37,39;43,45;47;49) provides intermittent engagement with the web (5) or a backing member (3) against which the web subsequently comes to engagement, for the deposition of strands of coating agent (11) on the web (5) or the backing member (3).

Abstract: A coating device for one-sided or two-sided coating of a travelling web (15), including at least one backing roll (9) and an applicator (2) cooperating therewith to supply size or coating agent to the backing roll (9), and a device (17;19) for smoothing of material supplied to the web (15), and optionally, coating also the other side of the web (15), the coating device including a selfsupporting coating roll (3), the mantel surface of which cooperating with the backing roll (11) is provided with circumferentially extending, mutually parallel grooves or rifles (9) which provide for volumetric or metered application on to the surface of backing roll (9) before its contact with the web (15).

Abstract: An apparatus for coating a travelling web (5), including supply systems (10,15,16;31,33;41;47,49;73) for the supply of coating agent (11) to the web (5), the systems including a metering device (15;31;41;47,49;75;77) extending across the whole width of the web and which by an intermittent contact surface (27,29;37,39;43,45;47;49) provides intermittent engagement with the web (5) or a backing member (3) against which the web subsequently comes to engagement, for the deposition of strands of coating agent (11) on the web (5) or the backing member (3).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for determining the concentration of a substance which is bonded to particles in a flowing medium, where said substance can be present in varying concentrations, a light beam (I.sub.0) being transmitted in the medium and light (I.sub.r) directly reflected from the particles being detected for obtaining a signal which is proportional to the intensity of the reflected light, said signal being used as a measure of the concentration of the substance conditional on particle concentration and opticle properties of the particles being kept constant. Detection is carried out without light passing straight through the medium, by the particle concentration of the sample taken being selected sufficiently great so that the quantity of directly reflected light will be maximum.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device in viscosity meters for measuring the viscosity of liquid having a large number of contaminants and a low viscosity, the meter including an inner cylinder (5) rotatably mounted in a stationary, outer cylinder (1) in a liquid projecting from a drive unit (12), there being a gap (4) forming a measuring zone between the cylinders (1,5) liquid being propelled through the gap with the aid of a propeller (3) arranged in front of the inner cylinder (5) and in a cavity (10) in the outer cylinder (1). The inner cylinder (5) is provided with an edge (6) projecting out into the gap (4) and the outer cylinder (1) has at least one slot (7) extending in its longitudinal direction and in the flow direction of the liquid, for enabling discharge of the contaminants fastening between the edge (6) and the outer cylinder (1), a self-cleaning strainer system thus being achieved, where the particles in the liquid only negligibly disturb measurement.