Abstract: This invention establishes a new paradigm for treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) by eliminating senescent cells that reside in or around the site of the disease pathophysiology. Exposure of test subjects to the herbicide paraquat (PQ) increases the risk for developing Parkinson's disease. The data in this disclosure show that PQ induces a senescence arrest and SASP in astrocytes, in culture and in vivo in mice, and senescent cell markers were present in astrocytes in midbrain tissue from PD patients. In a transgenic mouse model, senescent cell ablation protected against PQ-induced PD-like neuropathology. Removal of senescent cells from affected sites using small molecule agents that specifically target senescent cells can help prevent or ameliorate signs and symptoms of the disease.

Abstract: In various embodiments methods of preparing hydroxybutyryl 3-hydroxybutyrate and related compounds are provided along with methods of use thereof.

Abstract: In various embodiments compositions and methods are provided for inducing or increasing weight loss or reducing or preventing weight gain in a mammal. In certain embodiments the methods comprise administering to the mammal a combination of at least two agents selected from the group consisting of lipoic acid and/or a lipoic acid analog, nicotinamide and/or a nicotinamide analog, thiamine and/or a thiamine analog, piperine and/or a piperine analog, pyridoxamine and/or a pyridoxamine analog. In certain embodiments the combination of agents provides a synergistic effect.

Abstract: Methods are provided herein for selectively killing senescent cells and for treating senescence-associated diseases and disorders by administering a senolytic agent. Senescence-associated diseases and disorders treatable by the methods using the senolytic agents described herein include cardiovascular diseases and disorders associated with or caused by arteriosclerosis, such as atherosclerosis; idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; osteoarthritis; senescence-associated ophthalmic diseases and disorders; and senescence-associated dermatological diseases and disorders.

Abstract: Methods are provided herein for selectively killing senescent cells and for treating senescence-associated diseases and disorders by administering a senolytic agent. Senescence-associated diseases and disorders treatable by the methods using the senolytic agents described herein include cardiovascular diseases and disorders associated with or caused by arteriosclerosis, such as atherosclerosis; idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; osteoarthritis; senescence-associated ophthalmic diseases and disorders; and senescence-associated dermatological diseases and disorders.

Abstract: In various embodiments method and compositions are provided for inducing weight loss in a mammal. In certain embodiments the methods involve administering to a mammal an effective amount of a fatty acid ?-hydroxyester compounds and/or one or more esters of butanediol.

Abstract: In various embodiments a compound comprising the enantiomerically enriched S-isomer S-BHB-S-1,3-butanediol is provided along with methods of use thereof.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of a viral pathology in a subject using one or more exogenous ketone(s).

Abstract: In various embodiments compounds that induce and/or promote autophagy are provided as wells as methods of use thereof (e.g., in the prophylaxis or treatment of chronic pathologies associated with aging). In one illustrative, but non-limiting embodiments the compound(s) comprise, inter alia, coumarin 106.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided herein that pertain to the discovery that the crystallin alpha B (CRYAB) gene and gene product provides an effective target for senolytic agents. In certain embodiments, methods of selectively killing one or more senescent cells in a subject in need thereof are provided wherein the method involves administering to the subject an effective amount of an agent that inhibits expression and/or aggregation of a CRYAB protein.

Abstract: Methods are provided herein for selectively killing senescent cells and for treating senescence-associated diseases and disorders by administering a senolytic agent. Senescence-associated diseases and disorders treatable by the methods using the senolytic agents described herein include cardiovascular diseases and disorders associated with or caused by arteriosclerosis, such as atherosclerosis; idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; osteoarthritis; senescence-associated ophthalmic diseases and disorders; and senescence-associated dermatological diseases and disorders.

Abstract: In various embodiments methods for the treatment or prophylaxis of an age-related and/or pathology-associated increase in intestinal barrier permeability are provided. In certain embodiments the methods comprise administering to a mammal in need thereof an effective amount of one or more agent(s) that inhibit superoxide or hydrogen peroxide production from the outer ubiquinone-binding site of complex III of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (site IIIQo).

Abstract: In various embodiments constructs are provided for the delivery of an effector molecule into a cell. In certain embodiments the construct comprises a cell penetrating peptide (CPP) attached to an effector that is to be delivered into a cell, where the cell penetrating peptide comprises a Zika cell penetrating peptide (Zika CPP), and the effector is selected from the group consisting of a protein, a nucleic acid, an organic compound, a nanoparticle, a viral particle, and the like.

Abstract: This disclosure provides non-human animal models for age-related disorders and age-sensitive traits, particularly those caused by senescence-inducing stimuli, wherein the models comprise transgenes selectively expressed by senescent cells. The disclosure further provides methods for identifying therapeutic agents effective for treating or preventing age-related disorders and age-sensitive traits using the animal models, therapeutic agents identified using such methods, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the identified therapeutic agents, and methods of treating or preventing age-related disorders and age-sensitive traits.

Abstract: Various [1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidines are provided that are effective to lower p-tau and/or to prevent or reduce elevation of p-tau, particularly in response to stress (e.g., elevated cortisol levels). The compounds are useful in the treatment or prophylaxis of pathologies characterized by abnormal amyloid plaque and or tangle formation and/or deposition.

Abstract: Methods are provided herein for selectively killing senescent cells and for treating senescence-associated diseases and disorders by administering a senolytic agent. Senescence-associated diseases and disorders treatable by the methods using the senolytic agents described herein include cardiovascular diseases and disorders associated with or caused by arteriosclerosis, such as atherosclerosis; idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; osteoarthritis; senescence-associated ophthalmic diseases and disorders; and senescence-associated dermatological diseases and disorders.

Abstract: In various embodiments a cancer treatment method is provided based on inhibition of proline catabolism. When combined with p53 restoration therapy and/or inhibition of glutaminase, the inhibition of proline catabolism results in a “synthetic lethal” and synergistic anticancer response. Novel suicide inhibitors that induce the degradation of proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) are also provided. Also provided is a method of assaying PRODH to identify responders/non-responders to inhibition of proline catabolism and/or glutaminase.

Abstract: Methods are provided herein for selectively killing senescent cells and for treating senescence-associated diseases and disorders by administering a senolytic agent. Senescence-associated diseases and disorders treatable by the methods using the senolytic agents described herein include cardiovascular diseases and disorders associated with or caused by arteriosclerosis, such as atherosclerosis; idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; osteoarthritis; senescence-associated ophthalmic diseases and disorders; and senescence-associated dermatological diseases and disorders.

Abstract: Methods are provided herein for selectively killing senescent cells and for treating senescence-associated diseases and disorders by administering a senolytic agent. Senescence-associated diseases and disorders treatable by the methods using the senolytic agents described herein include cardiovascular diseases and disorders associated with or caused by arteriosclerosis, such as atherosclerosis; idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; osteoarthritis; senescence-associated ophthalmic diseases and disorders; and senescence-associated dermatological diseases and disorders.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods for the treatment of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and for inhibiting, reducing, delaying and/or preventing the progression of MCI to Alzheimer's disease. The methods entail administering an effective amount of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of tropisetron, disulfuram, honokiol and nimetazepam. The methods also are useful for prophylactic and therapeutic treatment of amyloidogenic diseases, including Alzheimer's disease.