Abstract: A fuel injection pumping apparatus comprises a displacement piston which is located within the cylinder, an outlet from one end of the cylinder and a fluid pressure operable member mounted within a further cylinder for actuating the piston and causing fuel to be delivered through the outlet. Means is operable upon movement of the displacement piston to a predetermined position to terminate delivery of fuel through the outlet and valve means is provided to control the application of fluid under pressure to the fluid pressure operable member.

Abstract: A fuel pumping apparatus for supplying fuel to an internal combustion engine includes an axially movable member urged in one direction against the action of a governor spring by means of a centrifugal weight. A reaction member for the pivot of the weight bears against one member of a dashpot which includes resilient means in the form of a spring acting in opposition to the force exerted by the governor spring. A valve controlled passage including a ball element allows substantially unrestricted flow of liquid into the dashpot chamber when the latter is increased in volume by the action of the spring but a restricted leakage path is provided to control the reduction in volume of the dashpot chamber as the force exerted by the governor spring and the weights increases. The axial setting of the member controls the quantity of fuel which is supplied to an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A fuel injection pumping apparatus includes an angularly adjustable cam ring having cam lobes which co-act with rollers to effect inward movement of a pumping plunger. The cam ring is connected to a piston which due to the reaction of the rollers with the cam lobes, develops a pressure acting on a plunger element. The plunger element is spring loaded and when the pressure exceeds a predetermined value the cam ring will be allowed to move angularly to adjust the injection characteristic of the pump.

Abstract: A fuel injection pumping apparatus includes an injection pump having a fuel quantity control rod, the setting of which is determined by a governor mechanism; the governor mechanism includes a first pivotal link which is moved by a servo-mechanism controlled by means responsive to the speed of the associated engine; the servo-mechanism effects movement of the link about a first pivot axis; a second link is pivotally connected to the first link, and movable pivot means is disposed in a slot formed in the second link; the second link is connected to the control rod and operator adjustable means is provided for moving the pivot means to adjust the amount of fuel supplied to the engine.

Abstract: An ignition aid for internal combustion engines includes a sintered refractory ceramic composite heating element having a high resistance central portion interposed between a low resistance terminal end portions. The heating element is positioned in a hollow electrically conductive body adapted to be removably inserted in an aperture in an engine. The heating element is disposed between and has its terminal end portions in electrical non-point contact with a bridge portion at one end of the hollow body and an electrode rod extending into the hollow body in sealed relation therewith. In one embodiment, the electrode rod comprises a pair of relatively movable parts, one of which is resiliently biased into engagement with the heating element by a resilient PTC resistance element electrically connecting the parts. In another embodiment, the heating element terminal portions are diffusion bonded to the electrode rod and bridge portion, respectively.

Abstract: A fuel injection pumping apparatus includes an injection pump driven in timed relationship with an associated engine and a resiliently loaded fluid pressure operable member for controlling the timing of delivery of fuel by the injection pump. Means is provided for generating a pressure responsive to the speed of and/or load on the associated engine an this pressure is applied to the aforesaid member so that the timing of delivery of fuel is variable. The apparatus also includes a piston movable to adjust the force exerted by the resilient means on the member and valve means is provided for controlling the application of fluid pressure to said piston, the valve means being responsive to the speed of operation of the associated engine.

Abstract: A fuel injection apparatus includes an axially movable member movable to determine the amount of fuel supplied by the apparatus. The member is acted upon by a weight mechanism including pivotal weights the force exerted by which is opposed by a governor spring adjustable from the exterior of the apparatus. Increase of the force exerted by the spring can result in sudden movement of the member so that temporarily too much fuel is supplied to the engine. This difficulty is minimized by providing a dash-pot which restricts the rate of movement of the member under the action of the governor spring at low engine speeds. The dash-pot is combined with a resilient means the force exerted by which is less than that of the governor spring at moderate engine speeds so that the dash-pot action is only obtained at low engine speeds.

Abstract: A fuel pumping apparatus comprises an injection pump including a cam angularly movable to vary the timing of injection of fuel, the cam being operated by a servo-mechanism which is controlled by an electrical torque motor. The supply of electrical energy to the torque motor is controlled by a control circuit which receives signals indicative of the speed of and the load on the engine, and also a signal from a transducer indicative of the actual timing of injection of fuel to the engine and also a signal from a transducer indicating the position of the parts of the engine. The control circuit processes the signals to provide for variation in the timing of injection of fuel in accordance with the speed and the load, and also checks that the actual instant of injection is correct.

Abstract: A liquid fuel injection pumping apparatus includes an injection pump to which fuel is supplied by a feed pump by way of a throttle which includes an axially movable member. The pressure of fuel upstream of the throttle is controlled by a valve so that its pressure varies in accordance with the law RN.sup.2. The apparatus also includes a further valve which provides a substantially constant pressure and this pressure is applied to a piston by way of a further orifice the size of which depends upon the setting of the throttle. The further piston influences the timing of injection of fuel by the apparatus and in addition a pressure which is proportional to the square of the speed at which the apparatus is driven, is generated and is also used to influence the timing of delivery of fuel.

Abstract: A fuel injection system includes a piston movable within a bore to displace fuel through a fuel outlet. Fluid under pressure can be admitted to the other end of the bore by way of a valve means to effect movement of the piston to displace fuel and when the valve means is closed a further valve means can be opened to permit the piston to move in the opposite direction. The valve means and the further valve means are actuated by a control pressure generated by a stack of piezo-electric crystals. The valve means 23 includes a plurality of pressure balanced pistons and when the stack of crystals is de-energised the valve means is in the closed position.

Abstract: A Fuel System for an engine includes an actuator for controlling the output of a pump and a pair of d.c. supply lines the voltage across which is determined by a voltage regulator. A series circuit including a resistor, a relay coil and a transistor is connected across the supply lines and first means is provided for turning transistor off if the current flow through the actuator exceeds a predetermined value. Second means including a resistor is provided to maintain transistor de-energised when it has been turned off to prevent further operation of the actuator. In addition switch means is provided to short circuit the resistor if the potential between the supply lines falls below a second predetermined value.

Abstract: A fuel injection pumping apparatus includes an injection pump for supplying fuel to an engine, feed pump for supplying fuel to the injection pump, and throttle means for controlling the amount of fuel supplied by the feed pump to the injection pump. Intermediate the throttle means and the feed pump is a first orifice, and downstream of this orifice is a tapping to which a control pressure is applied to a device operable to adjust the timing of injection of the injection pump. A valve is provided which includes a variable orifice connected in parallel with said first orifice, the valve being responsive to the outlet pressure of the feed pump to control the effective value of the first orifice.

Abstract: A drive system comprises a brushless multi-phase motor which is supplied with power by way of an inverter including thyristors which are fired by a firing network. The firing network is supplied with information relative to the position of the rotor of the motor, by means of a transducer and this information flows by way of a logic network. Also provided is a current sensing device, a signal from which is passed through a control network to the logic circuit, and the logic circuit acts to modify the signals applied to the inverter in the event that the current flowing in one of the d.c. supply lines to the inverter exceeds a predetermined value for more than a predetermined length of time.

Abstract: A distributor type fuel injection pump includes an injection pump to which fuel is supplied from one end of a bore accommodating a slidable shuttle. The shuttle is moved towards the one end of the bore during the filling strokes of the injection pump by way of a first valve means and is allowed to move away from said one end of the bore during an interval between the filling strokes of the injection pump by fuel under pressure derived from the outlet of a feed pump by way of a second valve means. An electrically operable valve is provided to limit the amount of fuel which can flow from said other end of the bore and a sensor is provided to detect the position of the shuttle within the bore and which by way of a control circuit actuates said electrically operable valve. A third valve means is provided to admit fluid under pressure to said other end of the bore when it is required to fill the injection pump.

Abstract: A brushless A.C. synchronous motor includes a stator assembly having a stator winding and an inverter for feeding the stator winding, a rotor assembly including a field winding and a transformer having a primary winding on the stator assembly and a secondary winding on the rotor assembly. The primary winding is fed by an oscillator on the stator assembly, and the secondary winding provides an output for the field winding by way of rectifier.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine provided with a cylinder, a air of fluid pressure operable valve means to control the supply of pressure fluid to and allowing the escape of fluid from one end of the cylinder, with the valves operating at different pressures, a fluid pressure generator supplying the fluid pressure to the valves, an actuating piston in the cylinder, resilient means urging the actuating piston towards one end of the cylinder, with the actuating piston being moved against the action of the resilient means when fluid under pressure is admitted to one end of the cylinder, and a fuel pumping piston arranged to be operated by the actuating piston to displace fuel to an outlet.

Abstract: A fuel system for an engine has a first summing amplifier to which are fed signals representing demanded and actual values of the output of a pump supplying fuel to the engine, together with a signal representing engine speed. The summing amplifier compares the signals it receives and produces an output controlling the output of the pump, and there is also a second summing amplifier to which are fed electrical signals representing engine speed and a reference, a discriminator coupling the two summing amplifiers to a means for controlling the pump, so that the output from the discriminator at any instant is the output from the amplifier demanding the least fuel.

Abstract: A fuel injection pumping apparatus includes a pump the amount of fuel supplied by which is controlled by a control member. The apparatus also includes a governor mechanism comprising first and second sleeves movable axially each sleeve being loaded by a respective spring. The sleeves are movable against the action of the springs by means of a governor weight mechanism including weights and lever means is provided to interconnect the sleeves with the control member. The lever means includes a lever which is pivotally mounted and which has one end coupled to the first sleeve, the lever supporting an angularly movable rod which is coupled to the second sleeve.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for supplying fuel to an internal combustion engine includes a fuel injection nozzle having a fuel pressure operable valve member which is moved by fuel under pressure delivered by an injection pump to allow fuel to flow through an outlet to the engine. The system also includes a pump for applying a pressure to assist closure of the valve member, the fluid pressure being adjustable in accordance with the speed of the pump and the setting of a quantity control member which determines the amount of fuel supplied by the injection pump.

Abstract: A fuel system for an engine has a pump which supplies fuel to the engine and an actuator for controlling the pump output. The actuator is controlled by a control circuit to which are fed electrical signals representing demanded engine speed, actual engine speed and pump output. The control circuit sets the slope of the pump output versus speed curves of the engine, and speed-sensitive means operates below a predetermined engine speed for modifying this slope to make it shallower and so produce a smaller change in pump output for a given change in speed.