Abstract: A method of preparing a plurality of electrically connected organic optoelectronic devices on a substrate comprising firstly preparing a plurality of organic optoelectronic devices on a substrate, by the steps of providing a patterned layer of a first conductive material over the substrate, providing layer of organic optoelectronic material over the layer of first conductive material and providing a patterned layer of a second conductive material over the layer of organic optoelectronic material, at least partially removing regions of the organic optoelectronic material which are not covered by the patterned layer of second conductive material and secondly providing electrical connections to electrically connect at least two of the plurality of organic optoelectronic devices. The organic optoelectronic devices are suitably organic photovoltaic devices or organic electroluminescent devices.

Abstract: A process for preparing a conjugated polymer, which comprises polymerizing in a reaction mixture (a) an aromatic monomer having at least two boron derivative functional groups selected from the group consisting of boronic acid groups, boronic ester groups, and borane groups, and an aromatic monomer having at least two reactive halide functional groups, or (b) an aromatic monomer having one reactive halide functional group and one boron derivative functional group selected from the group consisting of boronic acid groups, boronic ester groups, and borane groups, an amount of a catalyst suitable for catalyzing the polymerization of the aromatic monomers, and a base in an amount sufficient to convert the boron derivative functional groups into boron anionic groups, characterized in that the reaction mixture further comprises a first solvent and a second solvent with which said first solvent is substantially immiscible and an emulsifier in an amount sufficient to form an emulsion of the reaction mixture.

Abstract: A method for forming a conjugated polymer which is doped by a dopant includes the steps of (a) adding a doping agent comprising a dopant moiety to a solution containing the conjugated polymer or a precursor thereof and, optionally, a second polymer, the dopant moiety being capable of bonding to the conjugated polymer, precursor thereof or the second polymer; (b) allowing the dopant moiety to bond to the conjugated polymer, precursor thereof or the second polymer to perform doping of the conjugated polymer, wherein the amount of doping agent added in step (a) is less than the amount required to form a fully doped conjugated polymer.

Abstract: An opto-electrical device comprising an anode electrode, a cathode electrode, and an opto-electrically active region located between the electrodes, the cathode electrode including a first layer comprising a material having a work function below 3.5 eV, a second layer of a different composition from the first layer, comprising another material having a work function below 3.5 eV, the second layer being further from the opto-electrically active region than the first layer, and a third layer comprising a material having a work function above 3.5 eV, the third layer being further from the opto-electrically active region than the first layer.

Abstract: An organic light emissive device including a cathode; an anode; and an organic light emissive region between the cathode and the anode, wherein the cathode includes a transparent bilayer comprising a layer of a low work function metal having a work function of no more than 3.5 eV and a transparent layer of silver.

Abstract: A transparent or substantially transparent formable and/or flexible component for use as an outer protective element in an electronic or opto electronic device including at least one electrically active organic layer, which component is a composite structure comprising a layer of glass of a thickness less than or equal to 200 microns and a layer of plastic.

Abstract: A light-emissive device is prepared by depositing a polymer layer on a substrate. The deposition process utilizes a formulation comprising a conjugated polymer dissolved in a solvent, the solvent including a trialkyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon wherein at least two of the alkyl substituents are ortho to one another. The deposition of the polymer layer on the substrate may be accomplished by an ink-jet method.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device comprising a light-emissive organic layer interposed between first and second electrodes for injecting charge carriers into the light-emissive organic layer, at least one of said first and second electrodes comprising a plurality of layers including a first electrode layer having a high resistance adjacent the surface of the light-emissive organic layer remote from the other of the first and second electrodes, said first electrode layer comprising a high-resistance material selected from the group consisting of a mixture of a semiconductor material with an insulator material, a mixture of a semiconductor material with a conductor material and a mixture of an insulator material with a conductor material.

Abstract: Provided is a conjugated poly(1,4-arylene vinylene) compound comprising an arylene unit having adjacent substituents, said substituents being oriented such as to affect the electronic structure of the compound sufficiently to cause a blue-shift in the photoluminescence and/or electroluminescence of the compound.

Abstract: A formulation for depositing a polymer layer in the production of a light-emissive device, the formulation including a conjugated polymer dissolved in a solvent, the solvent including a trialkyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon, at least two of the alkyl substituents being ortho to one another; and the use of such formulation in the deposition of a polymer layer on a substrate by an ink-jet method.

Abstract: A method for forming a conjugated polymer which is doped by a dopant includes the steps of (a) adding a doping agent comprising a dopant moiety to a solution containing the conjugated polymer or a precursor thereof and, optionally, a second polymer, the dopant moiety being capable of bonding to the conjugated polymer, precursor thereof or the second polymer; (b) allowing the dopant moiety to bond to the conjugated polymer, precursor thereof or the second polymer to perform doping of the conjugated polymer, wherein the amount of doping agent added in step (a) is less than the amount required to form a fully doped conjugated polymer.

Abstract: A method for making a polymer or oligomer comprising the steps of making a first monomer comprising a substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic group by providing an aromatic or heteroaromatic group substituted with first and second director groups, performing metalisation at a first position on the aromatic or heteroaromatic group, performing electrophilic substitution so as to provide a first substituent group at the first position, and contacting in a reaction mixture the first monomer with at least two further monomers that independently are the same or different from the first monomer under conditions so as to form a polymer or oligomer, wherein the nature and positions of the first and second director groups regioselect the first position.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device comprising a light-emissive organic layer (8) interposed between first (4) and second (12) electrodes for injecting charge carriers into the light-emissive organic layer (8), at least one of said first and second electrodes comprising a plurality of layers including a first electrode layer (10) having a high resistance adjacent the surface of the light-emissive organic layer (8) remote from the other of the first and second electrodes, said first electrode layer (10) comprising a high-resistance material selected from the group consisting of a mixture of a semiconductor material with an insulator material, a mixture of a semiconductor material with a conductor material and a mixture of an insulator material with a conductor material.

Abstract: A polymer including a region having a conjugated backbone capable of transporting negative charge carriers, which region includes a plurality of repeat units each including a core group which includes an [Ar?] group substituted with at least one pendant group X and the [Ar?] groups form at least a part of the backbone, wherein each Ar? includes an aromatic or heteroaromatic group and each X includes NAr2 in which each Ar is the same or different and independently includes a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or heteroaromatic group and N is conjugated with the backbone.

Abstract: A transparent or substantially transparent formable and/or flexible component for use as an outer protective element in an electronic or opto electronic device including at least one electrically active organic layer, which component is a composite structure comprising a layer of glass of a thickness less than or equal to 200 microns and a layer of plastic.

Abstract: An opto-electrical device comprising an anode electrode, a cathode electrode, and an opto-electrically active region located between the electrodes, the cathode electrode including a first layer comprising a compound of a group 1 metal, group 2 metal, or a transition metal, a second layer comprising a material having a work function below 3.5 eV, and a third layer spaced from the opto-electrically active region by the first and second layers and having a work function above 3.5 eV.

Abstract: Optical devices fabricated from solvent processible polymers suffer from susceptibility to solvents and morphological changes. A semiconductive polymer capable of luminescence in an optical device is provided. The polymer comprises a luminescent film-forming solvent processible polymer which contains cross-linking so as to increase its molar mass and to resist solvent dissolution, the cross-linking being such that the polymer retains semiconductive and luminescent properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to optical devices comprising a substrate and at least one semiconductive polymer supported by said substrate, wherein said semiconductive polymer is a copolymer in which one of the repeat units is a group of formula (I) or a homopolymer in which the repeat unit is a group of formula (I): wherein: A and B are the same or different and each comprises wholly or partially an aryl moiety or a heteroaryl moiety, said moiety in A being fused to the bond a-b and said moiety in B being fused to the bond c-d, and X is a linking unit, X being such that there is a torsion angle of at least 5° between the bond a-b and the bond c-d about the bond b-d. The invention also relates to semiconductive polymers, monomers for preparing same, and methods for preparing random statistical conjugated polymers.

Abstract: An electroluminescent device comprising: a first charge carrier injecting layer for injecting positive charge carriers; a second charge carrier injecting layer for injecting negative charge carriers; and a light-emissive layer located between the charge carrier injecting layers and comprising a mixture of: a first component for accepting positive charge carriers from the first charge carrier injecting layer; a second component for accepting negative charge carriers from the second charge carrier injecting layer; and a third, organic light-emissive component for generating light as a result of combination of charge carriers from the first and second components; at least one of the first, second and third components forming a type II semiconductor interface with another of the first, second and third components.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device, comprising: a substrate; a first conductive layer formed over the substrate; at least one layer of a light-emissive organic material formed over the first conductive layer; a barrier layer formed over the at least one organic layer which acts to protect the at least one layer of organic material; and a second conductive layer, preferably a patterned sputtered layer, formed over the barrier layer.