Abstract: An organic light-emitting device (100) comprising an anode (103); a cathode (109); a light-emitting layer (107) between the anode and the cathode; a first hole-transporting layer (105A) comprising a first conjugated hole-transporting polymer between the anode and the light-emitting layer; and a second hole-transporting layer (105B) comprising a second conjugated hole-transporting polymer between the first hole-transporting layer and the light-emitting layer, wherein a lowest excited state energy level of the first hole-transporting polymer is lower than the lowest excited state energy of the second hole-transporting polymer.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for preparing a modified electrode for an organic electronic device, wherein said modified electrode comprises a surface modification layer, comprising: (i) depositing a solution comprising M(tfd)3, wherein M is Mo, Cr or W, and at least one solvent onto at least a part of at least one surface of said electrode; and (ii) removing at least some of said solvent to form said surface modification layer on said electrode.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I) wherein: X is0, S, NR11, CR11 2or SiR11 2wherein R11 in each occurrence is independently a substituent; R1is a substituent; R2, R3, and R4are each independently H or a substituent;R5and R6independently in each occurrence is a substituent;m independently in each occurrence is 0, 1 or 2; and n independently in each occurrence is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4. The compound may be used as a host for a phosphorescent light-emitting material in an organic light-emitting device.

Abstract: A combined solar recharging thin-film charge storage device and a method of its manufacture, wherein charge generation and storage are achieved within the same multilayer stack by providing a layer which functions as a photoactive layer and at the same time comprises ions towards which it is ion-permeable and separates physical contact between two electrodes. Accordingly, a simple device structure is provided which may be manufactured easily and cost-efficiently and which allows easy integration with other components.

Abstract: A composition suitable for use in an organic light-emitting layer (103) of an organic light-emitting device having an anode (101) and a cathode (105), the composition comprising a fluorescent light-emitting material, a first triplet-accepting material and a second triplet-accepting material that is different from the first triplet-accepting material. The fluorescent light-emitting material may be a repeat unit of a light-emitting polymer, and the first and second triplet-accepting materials may independently be repeat units of the light-emitting polymer or may be mixed with the fluorescent light-emitting material.

Abstract: A method of forming a sensor comprising a single layer or multilayer structure; a fluorinated layer having a fluorinated surface on the single layer or multiple layer structure; and a receptor having a fluorinated group on the fluorinated surface, the method comprising treating the fluorinated surface with a surfactant and either depositing the receptor having a fluorinated group onto the fluorinated surface from a formulation comprising one or more solvents in which the receptor is dissolved or dispersed, or depositing a fluorinated compound comprising a fluorinated group onto the fluorinated surface from a formulation comprising one or more solvents in which the fluorinated compound is dissolved or dispersed, and reacting the fluorinated compound or a derivative thereof with a receptor comprising a reactive group to form the receptor having the fluorinated group.

Abstract: Composition for use in an organic light-emitting device, the composition having a fluorescent light-emitting material and a triplet-accepting material subject to the following energetic scheme: 2×T1A>S1A>S1E, or T1A+T1E>S1A>S1E in which: T1A represents a triplet excited state energy level of the triplet-accepting material; TIE represents a triplet excited state energy level of the light-emitting material; S1A represents a singlet excited state energy level of the triplet-accepting material; and S1E represents a singlet excited state energy level of the light-emitting material; and in which light emitted by the composition upon excitation includes delayed fluorescence.

Abstract: A polymer comprising an optionally substituted repeat unit of formula (I): wherein R1 and R2 in each occurrence are independently selected from H or a substituent; R1 and R2 may be linked to form a ring; and A is an optionally substituted linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device comprises an anode, a cathode and a light-emitting layer between the anode and the cathode. The light-emitting layer comprises a compound of formula (I): wherein Ar1, Ar2, Ar3, Ar6 and Ar7 in each occurrence independently represent an unsubstituted or substituted aryl or heteroaryl group; X independently in each occurrence represents S or O; R independently in each occurrence represents H or a substituent; p is 0 or 1; q is 0 or 1; f is 1, 2 or 3; g is 1, 2 or 3; and adjacent groups Ar3 or adjacent groups Ar2 may be linked by a divalent group to form a ring. This compound can provide a bluer emitter that can be blended into current host formulations (deep blue, CIEy<0.08) suitable for solution processing.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for fabrication of electrode material in electronic devices by in situ-electrodeposition of metal or metalloid ions that are present in the device. In another aspect, the present invention relates to electronic devices and charge storage devices comprising the electrodes manufactured by said method. Furthermore, the present invention further relates to a method of enhancing charge injection in an electronic device or charge storage device comprising the steps of: pre-assembling an electronic device or charge storage device and subsequently applying an electric field to effect electrodeposition of an electrode layer in situ by reducing the metal or metalloid ions to a non-ionic state.

Abstract: A polymer comprising units ?, ?, ? and ? wherein: unit ? is present at 30 mole % to 60 mole % and is an optionally substituted arylene; unit ? is present at 1 mole % to 30 mole % and is a unit comprising an optionally substituted fluorene; unit ? is present at 1 mole % to 40 mole % and comprises aryl substituted nitrogen, or an optionally substituted triazine; unit ? is present at 0.5 mole % to 15 mole % and comprises an iridium complex; and optionally up to 20 mole % of other units if the total of ?, ?, ? and ? is less than 100 mole %.

Abstract: A material substituted with a group of formula (I): wherein: Ar1 is an aryl or heteroaryl group; Sp1 represents a first spacer group; n1 is 0 or 1; m1 is 1 if n1 is 0 and m1 is at least 1 if n1 is 1; R1 independently in each occurrence is H or a substituent, with the proviso that at least one R1 is a group R11 selected from: alkyl comprising a tertiary carbon atom directly bound to a carbon atom of the cyclobutene ring of formula (I); branched alkyl wherein a secondary or tertiary carbon atom of the branched alkyl is spaced from a carbon atom of the cyclobutene ring of formula (I) by at least one —CH2— group; and alkyl comprising a cyclic alkyl group; or with the proviso that at least two R1 groups are linked to form a ring.

Abstract: A composition comprising a first material substituted with at least one group of formula (I) and a second material substituted with at least one group selected from groups of formulae (IIa) and (IIb): wherein: Sp1 and Sp2 are spacer groups; NB independently in each occurrence is a norbornene group that may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents; n1 and n2 are 0 or 1; m1 is 1 if n1 is 0 and m1 is at least 1 if n1 is 1; m2 is 1 if n2 is 0 and m2 is at least 1 if n2 is 1; Ar1 represents an aryl or heteroaryl group; R1 independently in each occurrence is H or a substituent; and * represents a point of attachment to the first or second material. The composition may be used to form a layer of an organic electronic device, for example the hole-transporting layer of an organic light-emitting device.

Abstract: A method of making an electrode for an organic electronic device comprises the steps of depositing an ink on a light emitting layer, and drying said ink to form said electrode. The ink comprises conductive metal or carbon particles, a binder and a hydrocarbon solvent selected from 1, 1?-bicyclohexyl, cis-decalin trans-decaiin or n-undecane.

Abstract: A semiconducting polymer and electronic devices comprising such polymer, in which the polymer has one or more repeat units, a first of the repeat units having the structure wherein R12 to R17 independently comprise H or a polyether group having at least five ethoxy repeat units, and in which at least one of R12 to R17 has a polyether group.

Abstract: A polymer comprising a repeat unit of formula (I): (I) wherein Ar6 and Ar7 each independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted aryl or heteroaryl group; Sp represents a spacer group comprising a chain of at least 2 aliphatic carbon atoms spacing Ar6 from Ar7; m is at least 1; and if m is greater than 1 then —(Ar7)m forms a linear or branched chain of Ar7 groups in which Ar7 in each occurrence may be the same or different.

Abstract: A method of increasing the lifetime of an ITO-free organic lighting system comprises: providing an organic lighting element having a substrate (12) bearing a set of anode electrode metal tracks (14), a conductive organic layer (16) over said metal tracks, an organic light emitting layer (18) over said conductive organic layer, and a cathode electrode layer (20) over said organic light emitting layer, wherein said metal comprises copper, and wherein said conductive organic layer comprises a doped conducting polymer, and driving the organic lighting element with a pulsed current drive. A biphasic pulse is employed having a first, on-phase with a defined current drive and a second, off-phase with a drive having a defined potential difference of zero volts across the lighting element. The anode electrode metal may have a higher work function than the cathode electrode layer. During said zero level drive portion the different work functions provide a reverse bias electric field within the organic lighting element.

Abstract: Methods of metal-catalysed polymerisation are described using a metal catalyst of formula (III): wherein R3 in each occurrence is independently selected from C1-10 alkyl and aryl that may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents; y is 0 or 2; and Z?is an anion. Methods described include Buchwald-type and Suzuki-type polymerisation.

Abstract: A method of forming an organic light emitting diode comprising the steps of: providing a substrate comprising a first electrode for injection of charge carriers of a first type; forming a charge transporting layer by depositing over the substrate a charge transporting material for transporting charge carriers of the first type, the charge transporting material being soluble in a solvent; treating the charge transporting layer to render it insoluble in the solvent; forming an electroluminescent layer by depositing onto the charge transporting layer a composition comprising the solvent, a phosphorescent material, and a host material; and depositing over the electroluminescent layer a second electrode for injection of charge carriers of a second type.

Abstract: An organic thin film transistor comprising source and drain electrodes (103, 105); a semiconducting region between the source and drain electrodes; a charge-transporting layer (107) comprising a charge-transporting material extending across the semiconducting region and in electrical contact with the source and drain electrodes; an organic semiconducting layer (109) comprising an organic semiconductor extending across the semiconducting region; a gate electrode (113); and a gate dielectric (111) between the gate electrode and the organic semiconducting layer.