Abstract: Permanent infection of a cell line such as a canine thymus cell line with a retrovirus such as equine infectious anemia virus and bovine Maedi-Visna-like virus is now possible. By culturing such an infected cell line under appropriate conditions, it is now possible to produce large quantities of viral antigens on a continuous basis. Such antigens are useful in for diagnostics and research.

Abstract: An optical inspecting apparatus and the method thereof, including a series of optical units for rapidly acquiring the three-dimensional surface profile of a moving object. Each optical unit contains a multiple-beam light source to project a number of luminous spots on the object surface which are imaged through a properly oriented line-array camera. The surface position on both sides of the object, and thus the object thickness, is inferred at the position of each luminous spot from an analysis of their camera image. The projected luminous spots are preferably elliptically shaped and the line array elements are elongated in a direction perpendicular to their longitudinal axis in order to reduce speckle and other optical noise. The described optical configuration results in a superior performance in terms of spatial resolution and response speed.

Abstract: A hard to simulate, readily distinguishable from counterfeits, optical interference authenticating device comprises a substrate, and two optical interference coatings in interfacial contact on one side of the substrate, one of the optical interference coatings being a contrast coating, the other of the optical interference coatings being a form depicting coating for depicting a form relative to the contrast coating. The optical interference coatings each comprising at least one optical interference layer the material and thickness of which has been selected for the coatings to have different, particular, known spectral reflectance and spectral transmittance characteristics from one another when viewed at a particular angle, such that the form depicting coating is visible by reflected or transmitted light of particular coloration, when viewed at the particular angle, at least in part by optical interference of light partically reflected or transmitted at the interfacial contact.

Abstract: Carbonaceous components are separated from particulate coal containing inorganic solids by agitating and aerating the coal, agglomerating oil and water to form agglomerates of carbonaceous components of the coal and oil with air trapped in the agglomerates. The air trapped in the agglomerates makes them buoyant so that they collect at the surface of the water, for easy removal, while inorganic residual solids collect at the bottom of the water. The inorganic solids containing coal comprise previously formed agglomerates which are broken down by the agitation to form a slurry. In the latter case the process is for removal of inorganic solids which were not removed during the initial agglomeration. The agitation may be accomplished by a stirrer, impeller or a pump.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes an apparatus and a method for detecting the presence of flaws in a moving sheet of material. The apparatus comprises a light source for projecting a light beam; a beam shaping unit for shaping the light beam into a predetermined structured light pattern, and projecting the structured light pattern onto a portion of the surface of the sheet; an optical unit for collecting light emitted from the portion of the surface; and a light detecting unit for receiving the light collected by the optical unit and generating an electrical signal indicative of the intensity of the light generated from the portion of the surface. A signal processing unit is provided for filtering the electrical signal, the signal processing unit having predetermined characteristics specifically adapted to match an expected electrical signal corresponding to the predetermined structured light pattern.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for optically detecting transient motion from a scattering surface. A laser beam having a predetermined frequency is directed onto such a surface to thereby scatter the laser beam and produce a scattered laser beam defining an optical wavefront and having an optical spectrum with a central peak at the laser frequency and a sideband on either side of the central peak. The laser beam scattered by the surface is caused to interfere with a reference beam derived from the scattered laser beam and having an optical wavefront substantially matching the wavefront of the scattered beam and an optical spectrum with a single peak at the laser frequency and no sidebands, to obtain an optical signal which is detected and converted into an electrical signal representative of the transient motion.

Abstract: The present disclosure makes a grating assisted optical waveguide device.

Abstract: An antenna array for receiving dual polarized electromagnetic waves, comprised of a first thin-film printed circuit rectenna having a plurality of linear half-wavelength dipole antennae oriented in a first direction for receiving a first component of the dual polarized waves, and a second thin-film printed circuit rectenna parallel to the first rectenna, having a plurality of linear half-wavelength dipole antennae oriented in a second direction for receiving the second orthogonal component of the electromagnetic waves. A reflector screen is disposed parallel and behind the second rectenna, for reflecting incident electromagnetic waves transmitted through the first and second rectennae back to the first and second rectennae for reception thereby.

Abstract: All optical modulators are disclosed which include a channel waveguide made of an optically nonlinear material and transmitting an infrared beam. A control light whose wavelength is shorter than the bandgap energy of the channel of the guide is directed to the guide to bring it to cutoff. Near 100% modulation was obtained for a silicon waveguide with less than 150 pJ with a subnanosecond initiation and recovery time in a three port, fiber optics, geometry suitable for use as a logic gate. The operation is largely wavelength independent and stable. Planar multiple optical modulator structures are also disclosed as further embodiments.

Abstract: Signal phase delay may be accurately measured by transmitting a pseudo-random noise coded reference signal, deriving in-phase and quadrature components of the received coded signal and then separately decoding the in-phase and quadrature components. This technique effectively compresses the transmitted signal pulse to a very narrow width (thereby simplifying discrimination of separate pulses with similar arrival times) while magnifying the pulse amplitude (thereby enhancing the signal to noise ratio).

Abstract: A luminous source for illluminating targets in e.g. machine vision systems, remote manipulator systems used in outer space, etc., producing nearly constant target luminance as the target maintains various distances from the camera. This is achieved by the luminous source having a dual concentric ring shape of predetermined radii, intensity ratios and radial widths.

Abstract: A multitubular catalytic reactor for exothermal catalytic reactions comprises a bundle of parallel tubes all of the same length and a catalyst within the tubes. The tube bundle has an inlet side and an outlet side. Devices are provided for introducing separately reactants to within the tubes of the reactor and coolant to the channels defined between adjacent tubes of the bundle. The coolant is introduced into the channels co-currently with the direction of flow of the reactants. The products are withdrawn from the tubes independently of the coolant. The reactor is particularly adapted to a single stage conversion of methanol into gasoline boiling point range constituents using crystalline aluminosilicate catalysts.

Abstract: The invention disclosed relates to a method for the purification of hemoglobin by the technique of affinity chromatography. Contrary to current belief, the binding of oxygen and selected polyanions to hemoglobin is not mutually exclusive. The novel method comprises immobilizing a polyanion which specicically binds hemoglobin via its polyanion binding site, on a chromatographic gel and passing the hemoglobin containing solution or mixture through the gel. The hemoglobin is thus retained in the gel, while impurities are eluted from the gel. The novel method is also applicable to the separation of unmodified hemoglobin from a liquid reaction mixture containing modified and unmodified hemoglobin.

Abstract: An RF switch for use e.g. in space has a pair of rotary switch contacts mounted for rotation into and out of a closed position in which a switch connection is established between the switch contacts. A dielectric material is located between the switch contacts, the dielectric material and the switch contacts constituting a capacitive RF connection between the switch contacts in the closed position to eliminate multipactor discharge and ionization and to improve heat dissipation.

Abstract: A zinc-based alloy comprising about 50 to 90 weight percent zinc and about 10 to 50 weight percent of at least one other metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt and iron. The zinc-based alloy according to the invention is particularly suitable for use as coating material for producing thermal-sprayed coatings having improved corrosion resistance and adherence.

Abstract: Apparatus for eviscerating fresh scallops immediately after they have been shucked from the shell, which apparatus cleanly strips membrane, roe and entrails from the edible adductor muscle without causing damage to the latter. No ageing, chemical or heat pretreatment is required. The apparatus includes a feed hopper which meters product flow single file onto one end of a set of two horizontal, counterrotating pinch rollers. A horizontal open bottom trough directs and contains the scallops on the top surfaces of the rollers. The rollers are critically sized and knurl textured and supported in rolling contact so as to nip and downwardly strip off soft entrails and membrane but support the firm cylindrical meat (muscle tissue). Water sprays and high speed cylindrical rotary brushes clean the rollers from below. The rollers have left and right hand helical grooves which advance the product along the rollers from the hopper to a discharge end while being processed.

Abstract: There is described a method and an apparatus wherein particles and a carrier gas are injected under pressure into a plasma flame. The particles are completely melted and are theraefter propelled onto a substrate to produce a coating thereon. According to the invention, the speed of the particles is slowed down and the flow of the gas carrier is adjusted, such as by disposing a cyclone ahead of the plasma flame, so as to provide an efficient injection of the particles in the center of the plasma flame.

Abstract: A method of forming a single mode biconical fiber optic coupler comprising holding 2 or more optical fibers parallel to and in contact with each other at spaced apart locations, exerting equal tension in opposite directions to the fibers at said spaced apart locations to stretch the fibers, fusing the fibers over a waist region, and scanning the tip of a flame from a microtorch back and forth along the fibers at a speed which is at least five times the speed of stretching of the fibers. This results in an overcoupled low loss coupler, a pressure or a temperature sensor, comprised of at least a pair of monomode optical fibers fused and parallel at a stretched waist portion, each having biconical tapers at opposite ends of the waist portion, the coupler having exhibited at least about 500 power transfer cycles during stretching formation of the waist portion.

Abstract: A continuous, low severity process for dewatering peat. The process comprises the steps of flowing a slurry of peat through a reactor directly heated by the addition of live steam to heat the slurry to a temperature of between 160.degree. C. to 200.degree. C., subjecting the heated slurry to intense mechanical shear and mixing, and then, after a period of between 1 to 3 minutes, quenching the product.

Abstract: A sorbent tube trace sample releasing apparatus comprises a tubular casing for connection at a downstream end to, say, a gas chromatograph, a spring loaded valve in the bore of the casing, a valved, purging gas inlet downstream of the spring loaded valve and a sorbent tube receiving end portion upstream thereof, surrounded by a heating coil, and fitted with an O-ring seal adjacent an upstream side of the spring loaded valve. The tubular casing is connected to a sample entry of a gas chromatograph and purging gas is fed to the gas chromatograph. The purged casing is then heated by heating coil with a sample carrying sorbent tube inserted in with the casing, spring loaded valve and sample carrying end of the sorbent tube heated, the sorbent tube is then used to open the spring loaded valve while a carrier gas is fed along the sorbent tube to release the sample.