Abstract: A camera 200 comprises an image pickup element 107 which has imaging pixels performing a photoelectric conversion of an object image formed by a light beam emitted from an image pickup optical system and focus detection pixels performing a photoelectric conversion of two images formed by two divided light beams, a focus detector which obtains first and second pairs of image signals having optical base lengths different from each other from the focus detection pixels, a selector which selects one of the first and second pairs of image signals based on at least one correlation amount of the first and second pairs of image signals, and a calculator which calculates a defocus amount based on the selected pair of image signals.

Abstract: Provided is an antireflection paint for an optical element, including black primary particles and secondary particles, in which: the black primary particles each have at least a refractive index for a d line (nd) of 2.0 or more; a ratio between a maximum absorptivity of each of the black primary particles for light having a wavelength of 400 nm or more and 700 nm or less and a minimum absorptivity of each of the particles for the light is larger than 0.7; and the black primary particles have a smaller average particle diameter than an average particle diameter of the secondary particles. Such constitution can prevent surface reflection and internal reflection, absorb light in a visible region well, and alleviate an influence on an environment.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus for forming an image by performing exposure scanning of an image carrier is provided. The apparatus includes a unit for storing image data having a height in a sub-scanning direction equivalent to a certain number of amounts of the image data obtained by a single main scan; a unit for, in a case where a block in which a scan line of image data that is the scanning target is located has moved in a sub-scanning direction, storing a block position and a moving direction; a unit for, based on the skew information, converting image data of the main scan line and outputting an amount of image data that is obtained by a single main scan; and a unit for, when a block unit has been processed, replacing the processed block unit with another block unit.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion device comprising a semiconductor substrate of a first conduction type, and a photoelectric conversion element having an impurity region of the first conduction type and a plurality of impurity regions of a second conduction type opposite to the first conduction type. The plurality of second-conduction-type impurity regions include at least a first impurity region, a second impurity region provided between the first impurity region and a surface of the substrate, and a third impurity region provided between the second impurity region and the surface of the substrate. A concentration C1 corresponding to a peak of the impurity concentration in the first impurity region, a concentration C2 corresponding to a peak of the impurity concentration in the second impurity region and a concentration C3 corresponding to a peak of the impurity concentration in the third impurity region satisfy the following relationship: C2<C3<Cl.

Abstract: A compact apparatus can form multi X-ray beams with good controllability. Electron beams (e) emitted from electron emission elements (15) of a multi electron beam generating unit (12) receive the lens effect of a lens electrode (19). The resultant electron beams are accelerated to the final potential level by portions of a transmission-type target portion (13) of an anode electrode (20). The multi X-ray beams (x) generated by the transmission-type target portion (13) pass through an X-ray shielding plate (23) and X-ray extraction portions (24) in a vacuum chamber and are extracted from the X-ray extraction windows (27) of a wall portion (25) into the atmosphere.

Abstract: A coreless motor able to be downsized and easy to be assembled and to ensure the concentricity between a motor shaft, a magnet, and an outer cylinder. The coreless motor includes an outer cylinder gear unit having an output shaft and a speed-reducer mechanism incorporated into a field assembly having a magnet fitted on an inner yoke and an outer cylinder fitted on an outer periphery of the magnet, a motor shaft unit having an inner lid rotatably supporting a motor shaft via ball bearings, a rotor unit having a circular plate attached with a commutator electrically connected to a coil, an outer lid unit having an outer lid mounted with brushes. The inner lid is incorporated in the inner yoke, the coil is incorporated in between the outer cylinder and the magnet, and the outer lid unit is attached to the rotor unit and the outer cylinder.

Abstract: A fundus camera includes a fundus photographing optical system including an image-recording image sensor for photographing a fundus image via a focusing lens, a focus target having a plurality of regions for forming light fluxes passing through a plurality of different areas on pupil of a subject's eye, and a focus drive unit for driving the focusing lens based on positions of a plurality of images of the focus target in an image captured by the image-recording image sensor and on contrast of the images.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus is provided, which improves correction accuracy at the time of pixel addition reading and scarcely deteriorates in resolution of the image data. This apparatus comprises: a conversion unit comprising a plurality of unit-pixels and converting an incident radiation or a light into pixel information; a signal processing unit capable of reading the pixel information for each unit-pixel, or capable of reading additional added pixel information for a plurality of unit-pixels, based on a control from a control unit for controlling a driving of the conversion unit according to a plurality of operation modes; a storage unit for storing a plurality of correction informations according to the plurality of operating modes; and a correction unit for performing the correction of the pixel information based on the correction information extracted from the plurality of correct informations according to the operation mode.

Abstract: A printing apparatus executes printing by arranging plural printheads, each including a plurality of print elements in a direction of a print width so as to obtain the print width corresponding to a width of a printing medium and conveying the printing medium in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the print width. The printing positions of part of the print elements of a first printhead in the direction of the print width overlap with part of the print elements of a second printhead in the direction of the print width.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus connects a plural coordinate input apparatus to a common screen display apparatus. The common screen display apparatus displays a common screen shared by a plurality of users. The plural coordinate input apparatus detects coordinate values instructed by a plurality of coordinate pointers and generates plural coordinate data. An input allocating section determines either supplying the coordinate data to an application or acquiring control authority and issuing an event to an operating system, based on the coordinate data entered from the coordinate input apparatus and position and back-and-forth relationship of windows of a plurality of applications displayed on the display apparatus.

Abstract: To provide a magnetic toner which: enables a stable image density to be obtained irrespective of a use environment; and exhibits excellent low-temperature fixability, little image deterioration upon fixation, high coloring power, and a reduced toner consumption. The present invention relates to a magnetic toner containing at least: a binder resin; and a magnetic body. The binder resin contains a polyester unit. The toner has a weight average particle size of 5.0 to 9.0 ?m, a true specific gravity of 1.3 to 1.7 g/cm3, and a saturated magnetization of 20 to 35 Am2/kg in a magnetic field of 796 kA/m. The dielectric loss tangent (tan ?) of the toner satisfies (tan ?H?tan ?L)/tan ?L?0.20 at 100 kHz.

Abstract: A sheet transport apparatus of the present invention includes sheet transport means that transports a sheet, an actual position detecting device that detects an actual position of the sheet based on the rotation of a rotating member that is driven to rotate by the sheet transported by the sheet transport means, and a controller that controls a sheet transport speed of the sheet transport means depending on a difference between the actual position of the sheet which is detected by the actual position detecting device and a predicted position of the sheet which is calculated based on the sheet transport speed of the sheet transport means.

Abstract: A digital document system in which a digital document in a communication network is shared between a plurality of stations, said system comprising: a first station (101A) having a first digital document (DD1) comprising a thumbnail data item (TH1) and an original data item (HR1); a second station (102A) having a second digital document (DD2) comprising a thumbnail data item (TH1); and a center station (100A) comprising: calculating means for calculating signatures of the thumbnail data items (TH1, TH2) of the first and second digital documents (DD1, DD2); comparing means for comparing the calculated signatures of the thumbnail data items (TH1, TH2); and transmitting means for transmitting information for accessing the original data item (HR1) of the first digital document (DD1) to the second station (102A) according to a result of the comparison.

Abstract: The present invention provides a circuit pattern forming device and a circuit pattern forming method both of which can eliminate problems, such as open circuits and short circuits, when forming circuit patterns on the substrate and which can form circuit patterns of a thin film uniform in thickness. To this end, the present invention forms liquid dots on the substrate with gaps between the dots. Then, it further forms liquid dots between the liquid dots, thus forming a liquid circuit pattern. The circuit pattern is then solidified by a fixing step.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image forming apparatus whereby waiting time (downtime), which is required for forming an image by automatic adjustment relating to image formation density or image formation position, is made shorter than in the prior art. When an image having a size equal to or less than a prescribed size is formed is formed in this apparatus, the image to be formed is placed on an image carrier in such a manner that a vacant area for forming an adjustment pattern can be reserved on the image carrier. As a result, automatic adjustment relating to image formation density or image formation position can be executed while an image is formed.

Abstract: A mobile telephone system (1) is provided which allows users to store photographs taken by using their mobile telephone (31-1, 3-2), in a central storage and retrieval system (7). The mobile telephone allows the user to add an annotation to the photograph for use in retrieving the photograph at a later time. At the time of retrieval, the user inputs a text or spoken query into the mobile telephone which is transmitted to the central storage and retrieval system and is used to identify the image to be retrieved. The identified image is then transmitted back to the user's mobile telephone for further use.

Abstract: Provided is a processing method capable of reliably processing the inside of a depression such as a trench, a contact hole, a deep pattern, or a pore of a porous substrate. A chemical solution M is supplied into a processing bath 1 placing a substrate W, and the processing bath 1 is repetitively evacuated and pressurized several times at a pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure. Alcohol X is brought into contact with the surface of the substrate W and supplied into a depression W?1. The chemical solution M is supplied into the processing bath 1 containing the substrate W until the chemical solution M reaches a water level at which the substrate W is dipped, thereby allowing the chemical solution M to enter the depression W?1. The chemical solution M is discharged from the processing bath 1, and a portion of the chemical solution M entering the depression W?1 and mixed with the alcohol X is evaporated by evacuating the processing bath 1. This process is repeated several times.

Abstract: Disclosed is a near-field exposure method and apparatus, a near-field exposure mask, and a device manufacturing method, wherein exposure is carried out on the basis of near field light. Specifically, the near-field exposure method disclosed is arranged so that a pressure difference is applied to between a front face and a rear face of an elastically deformable exposure mask to cause deformation of the exposure mask in accordance with a substrate to be exposed and to cause the exposure mask surface to follow a surface irregularity state of the substrate such that these surfaces are closely contacted to each other, for exposure based on near field light. The pressure difference applied to between the front and rear faces of the exposure mask is set at a predetermined pressure difference corresponding to surface roughness of the substrate to be exposed.

Abstract: A list of processing data and the number of times of processing is notified to another electronic device to cause the another electronic device to perform data processing. When an error occurs in the another electronic device, a re-processing request of unprocessed data is formed again together with a list and notified. At this time, a printing state of a printer is designed to be determined and displayed by an image pickup device. When an image which is not printed is designated to be re-printed when an error occurs in the printer, a list of an image designated to be re-printed and the number of prints is re-formed and re-notified. Communication of printing data is performed by Bluetooth communication.

Abstract: The present invention provides a substrate for ink jet including a heating resistor generating thermal energy for discharging an ink from an ink discharge port and an upper protective layer which is formed above the heating resistor and has a contacting surface with the ink. Furthermore, the upper protective layer is made of an amorphous alloy consisting of Ta and Cr in which the content of Ta is more than that of Cr. This constitution allows for the substrate excellent in cavitation resistance and corrosion resistance, and capable of high durability while having similar discharge performance to that of a conventional protective layer made of a Ta film. The present invention further provides an ink jet head comprising the above-mentioned substrate, and a manufacturing method thereof.