Abstract: Adsorbent reactors for removing carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere with several types of sealing door valves, ranging from a single valve element to multiple valve elements, are provided. The sealing door valves are configured to open to allow gases into the reactor, such as allowing ambient air to enter during adsorption, and can close to seal the reactor, such as allowing vacuum conditions to be created inside the reactor and/or steam to be injected into the reactor during desorption. The valves are designed to create minimum resistance to valve motion, minimum obstruction to gas flow when open, minimum allowance of fluid passage when closed, and to minimize dead space within the reactor.

Abstract: Adsorbent reactors for removing carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere with several types of sealing door valves, ranging from a single valve element to multiple valve elements, are provided. The sealing door valves are configured to open to allow gases into the reactor, such as allowing ambient air to enter during adsorption, and can close to seal the reactor, such as allowing vacuum conditions to be created inside the reactor and/or steam to be injected into the reactor during desorption. The valves are designed to create minimum resistance to valve motion, minimum obstruction to gas flow when open, minimum allowance of fluid passage when closed, and to minimize dead space within the reactor.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing regeneration heat to a sorbent material and subsequently recovering a significant portion of the heat are provided. The systems and methods are useful, for example, for energy-efficient direct capture of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere or flue gases. The systems and methods include introducing steam generated by an evaporator into a reactor of the system to directly heat sorbent material in the reactor and to purge desorbed CO2 from the reactor using the steam. Water condensing within the reactor is drained and returned to the evaporator. The purged steam and CO2 from the reactor are directed to a vapor re-compressor to lift their temperature and then to a condenser or re-boiler where the water is condensed and separated from the CO2 and latent heat transferred to the cooling water is recovered, optionally via use of a jet ejector.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing regeneration heat to a sorbent material and subsequently recovering a significant portion of the heat are provided. The systems and methods are useful, for example, for energy-efficient direct capture of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere or flue gases. The systems and methods include introducing steam generated by an evaporator into a reactor of the system to directly heat sorbent material in the reactor and to purge desorbed CO2 from the reactor using the steam. Water condensing within the reactor is drained and returned to the evaporator. The purged steam and CO2 from the reactor are directed to a vapor re-compressor to lift their temperature and then to a condenser or re-boiler where the water is condensed and separated from the CO2 and latent heat transferred to the cooling water is recovered, optionally via use of a jet ejector.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing regeneration heat to a sorbent material and subsequently recovering a significant portion of the heat are provided. The systems and methods are useful, for example, for energy-efficient direct capture of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere or flue gases. The systems and methods include introducing steam generated by an evaporator into a reactor of the system to directly heat sorbent material in the reactor and to purge desorbed CO2 from the reactor using the steam. Water condensing within the reactor is drained and returned to the evaporator. The purged steam and CO2 from the reactor are directed to a vapor re-compressor to lift their temperature and then to a condenser or re-boiler where the water is condensed and separated from the CO2 and latent heat transferred to the cooling water is recovered, optionally via use of a jet ejector.

Abstract: The present invention uses an inert gas medium to heat an adsorbent bed and effect desorption of one or more chemical moieties adsorbed thereon. In particular, the invention is useful for the desorption of CO2 from adsorption beds utilized for direct air capture (DAC) of CO2 as well as adsorption beds utilized for capture of CO2 from flue gases. The inert gas medium is heated to the necessary sorbent desorption temperature and passed through a CO2 adsorbent bed to bring it up to the proper desorption temperature and effect desorption. Once the bed is fully desorbed, the CO2-enriched gas medium is passed through one or more condensers to separate the inert gas medium from the CO2 product.

Abstract: Systems and methods for modular and adaptable carbon dioxide (CO2) capture, separation, and storage in a variety of disparate site locations are provided. The systems and methods include utilizing a plurality of transportable, mass-producible, and stackable CO2 capture modules locally arranged in a cluster serviced by modular or locally fixed utilities modules that are in turn serviced by centralized plant services facilities, which may be dedicated to the CO2 capture system or may alternatively be shared with other co-located operations. The CO2 capture modules comprise a plurality of sorbent reactors, each comprising removable sorbent cartridges which may be easily exchanged for maintenance or upgrade purposes. The CO2 sorbent reactors are alternatively operated in adsorption and desorption modes and synchronized with each other within the sorbent module and the corresponding cluster to achieve continuous operation.

Abstract: Systems and methods for modular and adaptable carbon dioxide (CO2) capture, separation, and storage in a variety of disparate site locations are provided. The systems and methods include utilizing a plurality of transportable, mass-producible, and stackable CO2 capture modules locally arranged in a cluster serviced by modular or locally fixed utilities modules that are in turn serviced by centralized plant services facilities, which may be dedicated to the CO2 capture system or may alternatively be shared with other co-located operations. The CO2 capture modules comprise a plurality of sorbent reactors, each comprising removable sorbent cartridges which may be easily exchanged for maintenance or upgrade purposes. The CO2 sorbent reactors are alternatively operated in adsorption and desorption modes and synchronized with each other within the sorbent module and the corresponding cluster to achieve continuous operation.

Abstract: The direct air capture (DAC) systems and methods efficiently and economically regenerate a desiccant bed without adding any thermal energy and without requiring any pressurization or depressurization of the desiccant reactors. The methods leverage water concentration differences in stream flows, the water concentration profile across a desiccant bed, and, optionally, exothermic water adsorption. These three elements, working in combination, are referred to as “reverse dry flow regeneration” or a “reverse dry air swing” regeneration process. Systems and methods for reverse flow regeneration include those for CO2 DAC applications, but they are also applicable to point source carbon capture and other similar technologies that require initial gas dehydration before exposure to a hydrophilic material.

Abstract: Solid sorbents, and especially zeolites, are attractive candidates for CO2 direct air capture (DAC) and point source capture applications because of their potential for high selectivity, fast kinetics, and low energy CO2 capture cycles. A common issue with solid sorbents, including zeolites, is their low thermal conductivity, which makes them difficult to heat for regeneration without using complex and expensive heat transfer systems. This invention utilizes a modified TVSA process which utilizes the product CO2 gas itself as the heating medium for the adsorbent bed, alone or in conjunction with internal or external heaters. The use of CO2 as a heating medium allows efficient heating of the sorbent bed and enables high purity CO2 product.