Abstract: A method for preparing an emulsion cleaning composition that is resistant to separation upon exposure to depressed and elevated temperatures and which exhibits a persistent peroxide content comprises preparing an organic portion and an oxidant portion and then combining the organic portion and the oxidant portion under mixing to make the emulsion. The organic portion comprises an organic solvent, and emulsifier and a cleaner surfactant. The oxidant portion comprises an oxidizing compound activator and a peroxide generator. The emulsion cleaning composition is useful for removing petroleum distillate residue from metal surfaces such as refinery surfaces.

Abstract: A method for preparing an emulsion cleaning composition that is resistant to separation upon exposure to depressed and elevated temperatures and which exhibits a persistent peroxide content comprises preparing an organic portion and an oxidant portion and then combining the organic portion and the oxidant portion under mixing to make the emulsion. The organic portion comprises an organic solvent, and emulsifier and a cleaner surfactant. The oxidant portion comprises an oxidizing compound activator and a peroxide generator. The emulsion cleaning composition is useful for removing petroleum distillate residue from metal surfaces such as refinery surfaces.

Abstract: Described herein are compounds, compositions, and methods useful for bioremediation of a contamination. In particular, described herein are compositions that include one or methyl esters of a fatty acid and one or more bioremediation reagents, and methods for their use.

Abstract: Methods for preparing oxidizing agents having enhanced water solubility properties, such as magnesium permanganate, calcium permanganate and ammonium peroxydisulfate are prepared from oxidizing agents having more limited water solubility properties, such as potassium permanganate and potassium peroxydisulfate by electrochemical means employing oxidant stable, cationic permselective ion-exchange membranes that are also suitable for transporting a preponderance of cations with lower water of hydration, such as potassium over other more highly hydrated cations, such as sodium, magnesium and calcium used to replace the leaving potassium ion, and form more soluble oxidizer salt solutions. The methods may be practiced in multi-compartmentalized electrolytic cells, such as metathesis electrodialysis cells.

Abstract: Novel electrochemical cell configurations comprise ion-exchange membranes in combination with at least one porous separator for use in salt splitting methods, including metathesis electrodialysis salt splitting. Methods include production of chemically different oxidizing agents from a first oxidizing agent feed, along with value added salt by-products without adversely affecting permselectivity of the ion-exchange membranes of the cell.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for providing a corrosion inhibiting aqueous solution which includes zinc orthophosphate where the zinc orthophosphate is solubilized. The invention is directed to a method of making a substantially contaminant-free, concentrated aqueous solution of zinc orthophosphate from zinc metal or zinc oxide and aqueous phosphoric acid.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for providing a corrosion inhibiting aqueous solution which includes zinc orthophosphate where the zinc orthophosphate is solubilized. The invention is directed to a method of making a substantially contaminant-free, concentrated aqueous solution of zinc orthophosphate from zinc metal or zinc oxide and aqueous phosphoric acid.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for providing a corrosion inhibiting aqueous solution which includes zinc orthophosphate where the zinc orthophosphate is solubilized. The invention is directed to a method of making a substantially contaminant-free, concentrated aqueous solution of zinc orthophosphate from zinc metal or zinc oxide and aqueous phosphoric acid.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an oxidizing composition of agglutinated particles comprising an alkali metal permanganate, a binder/coating agent of an alkali metal silicate and/or alkali metal aluminate and a filler such as clay, diatomaceous earth, talc, ground silica or zeolites. The invention also is directed to an oxidizing kit which includes a pervious container and the oxidizing composition. The invention also is directed to a method of oxidizing waste materials with the kit in a substantially aqueous moving fluid stream.

Abstract: The invention is a process which provides a high purity lithiated manganese oxide (Li1+xMn2−yO4) from chemically made MnO2. The lithiated manganese oxide has an especially effective utility for use as a cathodic material in rechargeable batteries. The process of the invention includes blending a lithium compound with a chemically made manganese dioxide to form a manganese dioxide/lithium compound blend. The lithium compound in the blend is at least about one mole of lithium for every mole of manganese dioxide. The manganese dioxide and lithium compound in the blend undergo an ion exchange reaction to provide an ion replaced product where lithium ions have replaced sodium and potassium ions in the MnO2 to form an ion replaced product. Thereafter, the ion replaced product is heated or calcined to provide the lithiated manganese oxide.

Abstract: The invention is a process which provides a high purity lithiated manganese oxide (Li.sub.1+x Mn.sub.2-y O.sub.4) from chemically made MnO.sub.2. The lithiated manganese oxide has an especially effective utility for use as a cathodic material in rechargeable batteries. The process of the invention includes blending a lithium compound with a chemically made manganese dioxide to form a manganese dioxide/lithium compound blend. The lithium compound in the blend is at least about one mole of lithium for every mole of manganese dioxide. The manganese dioxide and lithium compound in the blend are reacted to provide an ion replaced product where lithium ions have replaced sodium and potassium ions in the MnO.sub.2 to form an ion replaced product. Thereafter, the ion replaced product is heated or calcined to provide the lithiated manganese oxide.

Abstract: The present invention contemplates methods of decontaminating human fluids prior to processing in the clinical laboratory. The techniques handle large volumes of human serum without impairing the testing results. Novel compounds for photodecontaminating biological material are also contemplated which are compatible with clinical testing, in that they do not interfere with serum analytes.

Abstract: This application describes a composition comprising an alkali metal permanganate and a water soluble nitrate salt and a method of controlling the sulfide content and the odor of sulfur containing waste water by adding the composition of the invention to the waste water.

Abstract: A Sorel cementitious composition which releases permanganate ion into an aqueous media over time is described. A method of making and using the composition of the invention also are described.

Abstract: A layered composition which includes a hardened core comprising at least about 50 weight percent permanganate which composition releases permanganate ion into an aqueous media over time is described. A method of making and using the composition of the invention also are described.

Abstract: This invention relates to a manganese oxide catalyst composition consisting essentially of at least about 40 weight percent manganese, from about 1 to about 25 weight percent lanthanum, from about 5 to about 20 weight percent copper and from about 20 to about 30 weight percent oxygen, a high temperature stable manganese catalyst/carrier combustion oxidation catalyst composition and a method of destroying VOCs and other gaseous organics using the composition of the invention.

Abstract: This application describes a composition comprising an alkali metal permanganate and a water soluble nitrate salt and a method of controlling the sulfide content and the odor of sulfur containing waste water by adding the composition of the invention to the waste water.

Abstract: Permanganate-containing pellets for gradual release or permanganate comprise an integrated body of a hydratable, self-curing cement in cured, hydrated form, and finely-divided particles of a water-soluble permanganate salt in substantially uniform distribution therein. The pellets are formed from a mixture of the permanganate salt, hydratable self-curing mineral cement, and water.

Abstract: A method is provided for selectively bleaching dyed, bleachable cotton garments. The garments are tumbled in damp condition with reuseable pre-formed solid pellets of limited porosity having abradable surfaces. The pellets comprise substantially water-insoluble cemented aggregates of mineral particles with a finely-divided particulate bleaching aent imbedded therein. The bleaching agent, which preferably is substantially uniformly distributed in the pellets, bleaches the garments by surfaces of the pellets wearing away during the garment tumbling to release the bleaching agent as the pellets contact the garments.

Abstract: A process for recovering purified cesium chloride from a cesium aluminum silicate ore in which the ore is digested with aqueous hydrochloric acid and the silica solids removed to obtain an aqueous acidic digest solution of metal chlorides consisting of cesium chloride together with other metal chlorides, by(a) evaporating water from the digest solution to obtain a solid mixture of metal chlorides, including cesium chloride and hydrated aluminum chloride;(b) heating solid phase mixture at a temperature effective for converting the hydrated aluminum chloride to aluminum oxide without decomposing the cesium chloride;(c) extracting the resulting solids with water to obtain an aqueous extract of cesium chloride; and(d) separating the residual solids containing the aluminum oxide to produce a purified extract of cesium chloride.