Abstract: The invention has an object to provide a solid chloride absorbent which can efficiently absorb inorganic chlorides such as hydrogen chloride flowing out from a process in which a heavy naphtha and the like are treated and inorganic chloride derived from crude oil, and which is difficult to powder and soften after absorbing the chlorides. The solid chloride absorbent according to the invention comprises zinc oxide, a porous refractory inorganic matter and an inert binder, has a long life, and hardly releases the absorbed chlorides.

Abstract: To provide an improved steam reforming catalyst for lower hydrocarbons which is highly active and has a high crushing strength. An improved steam reforming catalyst for lower hydrocarbons comprising a support constituted of CaO and Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and an active component comprising nickel or a platinum-group metal. The content of CaO is 0.5 to 25 wt% based on the catalyst, and at least part of the CaO forms compounds with the A1.sub.2 O.sub.3. The support has a void fraction X of pores with a diameter of 0.5 .mu.m to 20 .mu.m of 0.08 or higher, a void fraction Y of pores with a diameter smaller than 0.5 .mu.m of 0.15 or higher, and a total void fraction Z of 0.23 to 0.8 (provided that Z.ltoreq.(X+Y)).

Abstract: A catalytic combustion apparatus has a cylindrical housing defining a fluid passage, and a plurality of combustion catalyst bodies arranged face to face along the fluid passage in the cylindrical housing. The catalyst bodies are loosely fired in the cylindrical housing. Each catalyst body defines numerous bores extending along the fluid passage. The cylindrical housing includes holders extending inwardly of the housing for contacting end surfaces of the catalyst bodies to prevent movement thereof along the fluid passage.

Abstract: A catalytic combustion apparatus has a cylindrical housing defining a fluid passage, and a plurality of combustion catalyst bodies arranged face to face along the fluid passage in the cylindrical housing. The catalyst bodies are loosely fitted in the cylindrical housing. Each catalyst body defines numerous bores extending along the fluid passage. The cylindrical housing includes holders extending inwardly of the housing for contacting end surfaces of the catalyst bodies to prevent movement thereof along the fluid passage.

Abstract: An excellent steam reforming catalyst for hydrocarbons is provided having at least one of nickel oxide, cobalt oxide and platinum group noble metals supported on a carrier consisting essentially of aluminum oxide Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and a metal oxide expressed by MeO, comprising about 3-35 mols of metal oxide MeO to 100 mols of aluminum oxide Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 in the carrier, Me being at least one metal selected from the group consisting of calcium Ca, barium Ba and strontium Sr. The catalyst exhibits high activity, superior mechanical strength, good heat resistant property, splendid chemical stability, and remarkable thermal shock resistant property, retains a high specific surface area at high temperatures, and does not form detrimental nickel aluminate or cobalt aluminate in steam reforming reactions of hydrocarbons.A method of producing the catalyst is also provided.

Abstract: A heat-resistant noble metal catalyst having both of exceedingly superior heat-resistant property and a remarkable high activity at any temperature ranges of low, middle, and high, is provided having a heat-reistant noble metal catalyst consisting essentially of a composition having a formula A.sub.1-z C.sub.z B.sub.x D.sub.u Al.sub.12-y-u O.sub.19-.alpha., wherein A is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ba, Ca and Sr, C is at least one element selected from the group consisting of K, Rb and rare earth elements, B is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mn, Co, Fe, Ni, Cu and Cr, D is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Au, Ag and platinum group noble metals, z is a value in a range of 0-about 0.4, x is a value in a range of 0-about 4, y is a value in a range of x-2x, u is a value of not less than about 0.01, x+u is a value of not more than about 4, and .alpha.

Abstract: Excellent heat resistant high activity catalyst which retains catalyst activity at high temperatures of not less than about 1,200.degree. C. is provided.

Abstract: Excellent heat resistant compositions suitable for catalyst carries or catalysts are provided, which retain specific surface area thereof at high temperatures of not less than about 1200.degree. C. far better than conventional most superior .gamma.-alumina.

Abstract: A carbon and erosion resistant catalyst is provided for simultaneously converting hydrocarbons with steam and carbon dioxide to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide while simultaneously reducing carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide in order to produce a reducing atmosphere. The catalyst consists of a cobalt component on an aluminous support, the aluminous support being aluminum oxide in the alpha phase and having a surface area of greater than .5 m.sup.2 /gm. but not greater than 14 m.sup.2 /gm. This catalyst is sufficiently active to convert the hydrocarbons to hydrogen and carbon monoxide at a relatively low initial temperature and within a relatively large temperature range and simultaneously reduce carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide in the carbon forming range without appreciable deposition of carbon on the catalyst or without catalyst erosion.

Abstract: Hydrotreating of normally liquid hydrocarbon feeds has long been practiced to convert organic sulfur compounds to hydrogen sulfide for subsequent removal by adsorption. It has now been found that hydrotreating of said feed stocks over a nickel molybdenum oxide or cobalt molybdenum oxide catalyst also converts trace quantities of organic chloride compound to HCl which not only is a poison for catalysts in subsequent reactions but seriously reduces the sulfur retention capacity of zinc oxide sulfur adsorbents. A solid chloride adsorbent having a chloride retention capacity some twentyfold greater than known adsorbents has been developed for the sequential removal of hydrogen chloride contaminants in trace quantities to a level of less than one part per million in hydrogen treated streams. This adsorbent serves as a guard for catalysts in subsequent catalytic processes as well as a guard for the solid sulfur adsorbent utilized immediately downstream therefrom.