Abstract: There is disclosed a quick and efficient method for analyzing a segment of video, the segment of video having a plurality of frames. A reference portion is acquired from a reference frame of the plurality of frames. Plural subsequent portions are then acquired from a corresponding subsequent frame of the plurality of frames. Each subsequent portion is then compared with the reference portion, and an event is detected based upon each comparison. There is also disclosed a method of optimizing video including selectively storing, labeling, or viewing video based on the occurrence of events in the video. Furthermore, there is disclosed a method for creating a video summary of video which allows a used to scroll through and access selected parts of a video. The methods disclosed also provide advancements in the field of video surveillance analysis.

Abstract: A detection apparatus for detecting the presence of a sample, the detection apparatus comprising a chamber, ports for introducing a sample within the chamber, an actuation unit for establishing a controllable electromagnetic field in the chamber; and a sensing unit for sensing changes in the electromagnetic field due to the presence of the sample within the chamber. The sensing unit comprises a sensor device comprising a source and a drain embedded in a FET a gate for the FET, in which the gate is formed of a material whose conductivity is related to the electromagnetic field established in a nonconductive medium in contact with the gate.