Abstract: A functional unit includes one or more instances of arithmetic circuitry for calculating averages. Each instance of arithmetic circuitry includes first, second and third adders, each having first and second inputs and an output that is a sum of the first and second inputs and a carry-in bit. An output of the first adder is coupled to a first input of the third adder, and an output of the second adder is coupled to a second input of the third adder. The arithmetic circuitry is able to calculate an arithmetic operation on a set of four inputs. The arithmetic operation is fully determined by control bits and may be: an average of two values (with or without rounding by 1), an average of four values (with or without rounding by 1 or 2), or a sum of four values.

Abstract: A method and system for transferring data in a multi ordered memory array from a source memory array to a destination memory array, at least one of which is multi-ordered. A reading memory access unit reads data from the source memory array according to a source access template and a writing memory access unit writes the data to the destination memory array according to a destination access template.

Abstract: A 3-input adder/subtractor unit, having a first input for receiving a first operand A, a second input for receiving a second operand B, and a third input for receiving a third operand C. An add/subtract unit includes a control input for receiving a user-specified opcode, a first 3-to-2 compressor for receiving a respective least significant bit of said operands or its complement, and a Half Adder coupled to the first 3-to-2 compressor and responsive to an output thereof and to said opcode for outputting a least significant bit of a sum equal to A+B+C or A+B?C or A?B+C or A?B?C. A plurality of 3-to-2 compressors each in respect of remaining bits of the operands receive a respective bit of the operands or its complement, and a 2-input adder coupled to the 3-to-2 compressors receive respective carry and save outputs thereof and computing respective bits of the sum apart from the least significant bit.

Abstract: A system having at least one breakpoint generating module and a core processor and method for providing mutual breakpoint capabilities to at least one breakpoint generating module and a core processor in a computing device. Each breakpoint generating module is capable of generating a first breakpoint message for allowing operation of the core processor and each breakpoint generating module to be halted. A second breakpoint message allows operation of the core processor to be halted. The second breakpoint message corresponds to the first breakpoint message. In addition, the core processor generates a third breakpoint message for allowing operation of the core processor and each breakpoint generating module to be halted.

Abstract: A system for generating and storing trace bits for Viterbi decoding of binary convolution codes includes at least one arithmetic logic unit (ALU) for determining the trace bits, and a first register and a second register for storing the trace bits. The first register stores a first half of a series of trace bits for N states in sequential order and the second register stores a second half of the series in sequential order. A binary convolution decoder having multiple stages each having N states includes at least one arithmetic logic unit (ALU), a first register and a second register, and a storage device. The at least one ALU determines trace bits for each of the N states for each of the multiple stages. The first and second registers store trace bits of at least a portion of one stage. The storage device has memory cells. For each of the multiple stages, a group of at least one memory cell stores the N trace bits in sequential order.

Abstract: A system having at least one breakpoint generating module and a core processor and method for providing mutual breakpoint capabilities to at least one breakpoint generating module and a core processor in a computing device. Each breakpoint generating module is capable of generating a first breakpoint message for allowing operation of the core processor and each breakpoint generating module to be halted. A second breakpoint message allows operation of the core processor to be halted. The second breakpoint message corresponds to the first breakpoint message. In addition, the core processor generates a third breakpoint message for allowing operation of the core processor and each breakpoint generating module to be halted.

Abstract: A method for indexing a plurality of ordered elements stored in bit-reversed order in a first and a second memory space, the first memory space indexed by a first memory index denoting memory positions in the first memory space, the second memory space indexed by a second memory index denoting memory positions in the second memory space, the logical position of the elements within the ordered elements indexed by an element index, the method including bit-reversing the element index of a selected element, locating the selected element as being in the first memory space where the MSB of the bit-reversed index equals 0 and the second memory space where the MSB of the bit-reversed index equals 1, and locating the position of the selected element within the MSB-located memory space at the memory index of the MSB-located memory space that corresponds to the non-MSB bits of the bit-reversed index.

Abstract: An image compression method is provided including separating an image into a plurality of color channel sub-images processing each of the color channel sub-images by sub-sampling the sub-image transform coding the sub-sampled sub-image decoding the transform-coded image forming a plurality of square groupings of pixels in the decoded image predicting a value for a pixel within each of the x-shaped groupings determining a prediction error for each predicted pixel value within each of the square groupings coding the prediction error forming a plurality of at least partly diamond-shaped groupings of pixels in the decoded image predicting a value for a pixel within each of the diamond-shaped groupings and combining each of the processed color channel sub-images with the coded prediction errors, thereby forming a compressed image.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a plurality of AND gates each to receive as input a bit of a first binary vector and a corresponding bit of a second binary vector, where the length of the first binary vector is not greater than the length of the second binary vector. The apparatus also includes a multiple input XOR gate to calculate in a single cycle a scalar product of the first binary vector and the second binary vector by performing an exclusive OR operation on the output of each of the AND gates.