Abstract: Chemiluminescent substances are prepared by freezing or lyophilizing a solution of a peroxidized nitrogen-containing five-membered cyclic compound. The chemiluminescent substances have a sensitivity comparable to that of luminol chemiluminescence, are highly water-soluble, have no incorporation of impurities, are not degraded during storage, have high reproducibility in measurement results, and are very suitable for use in the detection and quantification of various substances in many applications, e.g., clinical applications.

Abstract: An injector has a sample chamber for retaining a small amount of sample, wherein a position of the sample chamber is controlled by transmitting light through the sample chamber and detecting the transmitted light so as to recognize the position of the sample chamber. It is possible to reduce detection error compared to the conventional injectors that indirectly control the position of the sample chamber by transmitting light through the light passage which is adjacent to the sample chamber. A method for injecting a sample comprising the steps of: providing an injector which has a sample chamber for retaining a sample with an open month; transmitting light through the sample chamber; detecting the transmitted light so as to recognize a position of the sample chamber; and controlling the position of the sample chamber by using the detection result to connect the open month of the sample chamber to an open month of a sample receiving member in order to inject the sample into the sample receiving member.

Abstract: An injector has a sample chamber for retaining a small amount of sample, wherein a position of the sample chamber is controlled by transmitting light through the sample chamber and detecting the transmitted light so as to recognize the position of the sample chamber. It is possible to reduce detection error compared to the conventional injectors that indirectly control the position of the sample chamber by transmitting light through the light passage which is adjacent to the sample chamber. A method for injecting a sample comprising the steps of: providing an injector which has a sample chamber for retaining a sample with an open month; transmitting light through the sample chamber; detecting the transmitted light so as to recognize a position of the sample chamber; and controlling the position of the sample chamber by using the detection result to connect the open month of the sample chamber to an open month of a sample receiving member in order to inject the sample into the sample receiving member.

Abstract: An injector has a sample chamber for retaining a small amount of sample, wherein a position of the sample chamber is controlled by transmitting light through the sample chamber and detecting the transmitted light so as to recognize the position of the sample chamber, and it is possible to reduce detection error compared to the conventional injectors that indirectly control the position of the sample chamber by transmitting light through the light passage which is adjacent to the sample chamber. A method for injecting a sample comprising the steps of: providing an injector which has a sample chamber for retaining a sample with an open month; transmitting light through the sample chamber; detecting the transmitted light so as to recognize a position of the sample chamber; and controlling the position of the sample chamber by using the detection result to connect the open month of the sample chamber to an open month of a sample receiving member in order to inject the sample into the sample receiving member.

Abstract: The liquid pump has a pressure vessel with end-openings for hermetically holding liquid therein. The liquid flows from one of the end-openings to the other end-opening by utilizing a difference in a coefficient of thermal expansion of the pressure vessel and the liquid caused by heating or cooling the pressure vessel and the liquid together. The pressure vessel is a tube having an inner diameter of about 0.5 mm or less and a length of about 10 m or more.

Abstract: A change in physical properties of a fluid within an open tube which is caused by heating an arbitrary portion in the open tube by heating means is detected by using a detector disposed with a predetermined spacing from the arbitrary portion, thereby measuring the flow in the open tube. The present invention provides a method for measuring flow within an open tube, in which a mechanical error and contamination of a passage do not occur, as a method for measuring flow within an open tube having a very small diameter provided for the separation analysis field and chemosynthesis field.

Abstract: In an open capillary column, a stationary phase is formed on the inner wall of a capillary tube. This stationary phase comprises a number of pores on the surface of the capillary tube, and each of pore has an expanded hollow in the stationary phase. A manufacturing method of an open capillary column comprises the steps of giving alkaline treatment to an inner wall of an open capillary tube, applying one of oligo silica, oligo zirconia and oligo titania on the inner wall, filling the open capillary tube with alkaline solution to form one of a silica layer, a zirconia layer and titania layer, discharging the alkaline solution and heat-treating the capillary tube to form a base of a stationary phase. The open capillary column of the present invention comprises a stationary phase having a very large surface area. It is useful for a separation analysis field such as liquid chromatography and electrochromatography.

Abstract: A change in physical properties of a fluid within an open tube which is caused by heating an arbitrary portion in the open tube by heating means is detected by using a detector disposed with a predetermined spacing from the arbitrary portion, thereby measuring the flow in the open tube. The present invention provides a method for measuring flow within an open tube, in which a mechanical error and contamination of a passage do not occur, as a method for measuring flow within an open tube having a very small diameter provided for the separation analysis field and chemosynthesis field.

Abstract: In an open capillary column, a stationary phase is formed on the inner wall of a capillary tube. This stationary phase comprises a number of pores on the surface of the capillary tube, and each of pore has an expanded hollow in the stationary phase. A manufacturing method of an open capillary column comprises the steps of giving alkaline treatment to an inner wall of an open capillary tube, applying one of oligo silica, oligo zirconia and oligo titania on the inner wall, filling the open capillary tube with alkaline solution to form one of a silica layer, a zirconia layer and titania layer, discharging the alkaline solution and heat-treating the capillary tube to form a base of a stationary phase. The open capillary column of the present invention comprises a stationary phase having a very large surface area. It is useful for a separation analysis field such as liquid chromatography and electrochromatography.