Abstract: Discloses a process for efficiently producing a hydroxyl group containing compound with a simple apparatus and simple procedures using a very small amount of a catalyst, which process reduces a catalyst recovering step and a catalyst neutralization step vastly and does not require catalyst regeneration and catalyst exchange. The process for producing a hydroxyl group containing compound comprises allowing an aqueous solution containing 1 ppb to 500 ppm of an acid catalyst to react with an aliphatic double bond having compound in a molar ratio (water/aliphatic double bond having compound) of water to aliphatic double bond having compound of from 1 to 50, at a reaction temperature of from 200 to 600° C. under a reaction pressure of from 1 to 100 MPa and thereby conducting hydration reaction of the aliphatic double bond containing compound with water.

Abstract: The present invention provides an aluminum etchant solution for etching an aluminum surface in the presence of solder bumps. The etchant solution includes about 42% to about 80% phosphoric acid; about 0.1% to about 6% nitric acid; about 5% to about 40% acetic acid; about 0.005% to about 5% of an amine oxide surfactant; about 0.1% to about 8% of a Pb solubilizing additive; and about 5 to about 25% de-ionized water; wherein the solder bumps are substantially phosphate free after the etching. Also provided is a process for etching an exposed aluminum surface in a semiconductor structure in the presence of solder bumps including the steps of: contacting the exposed aluminum surface with the etchant solution; rinsing the semiconductor structure with de-ionized water; and drying the semiconductor structure to remove residual water; wherein the solder bumps are substantially phosphate free after the etching.

Abstract: An aqueous resin composition used to form an undercoat layer of a thermosensitive recording medium, comprising a water-repellent filler (A) having a water-repellent surface, which is composed of at least one of an organosilicon compound and an organofluorine compound, and an aqueous solution or water dispersion of a film-forming resin (B), which contains the water-repellent filler (A).

Abstract: The present invention provides a propylene/1-butene random copolymer (PBR) having excellent flexibility, impact resistance, heat resistance and low-temperature heat-seal properties, a polypropylene composition containg the copolymer, a sheet, film or stretched film comprising the composition and a composite film having a layer of the composition. The propylene/1-butene random copolymer contains 60 to 90 mol % of propylene units and 10 to 40 mol % of 1-butene units and has a triad isotacticity of not less than 85% and not more than 97.5%, a molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) of from 1 to 3, an intrinsic viscosity of from 0.1 to 12 dl/g, a melting point (Tm) of from 40 to 120° C., and satisfies the following relation 146 exp(?0.022M)?Tm?125 exp(?0.032M) wherein Tm represents a melting point and M (mol %) represents a content of 1-butene constituent units.

Abstract: A feeder device for introducing treatment chemicals into a recirculating water stream from a swimming pool. The feeder device includes a housing having a top and bottom portions. A funnel-like hopper having sidewalls and an open bottom forms the inside of the top portion. A grid at least partially closes the open bottom of the hopper. The grid includes a top surface and a bottom surface. One or more chemicals such as chlorine are contained within the sidewalls of the hopper and supported by the top surface of the grid. A dissolving cup having a bottom surface and sidewalls is positioned within the bottom portion. The sidewalls include an opening or notch of a predetermined cross-sectional area formed therein. The bottom surface includes a center nozzle oriented vertically toward the bottom surface of the grid and an off-center nozzle adapted to direct the fluid horizontally in the dissolving cup.

Abstract: Disclosed in a novel liquid-crystalline compound which is a naphthalene derivative useful as an electro-optical liquid crystal display material, a liquid crystal composition containing such naphthalene derivatives and a liquid crystal display device comprising the same. The naphthalene derivative provided by the present invention exhibits an excellent liquid-crystallinity and miscibility with currently widely used liquid crystal compositions or compositions. The addition of the naphthalene derivative makes it possible to drastically lower the threshold voltage of the liquid crystal composition while maintaining its high response. The naphthalene derivative of the present invention is characterized by a large birefringence index. Further, most of the naphthalene derivative of the present invention has no strongly polar group in its molecule and thus can also be used for active matrix driving.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions that include (a) a warming agent or a cooling agent and (b) a silicone-containing component. Also provided is a method of increasing the warming effect of a warming agent or the cooling effect of a cooling agent by adding a silicone-containing component to a topical composition containing the warming agent or cooling agent.

Abstract: A curable resin composition, which is a solid resin at ordinary temperatures obtained by reacting an epoxy resin with a (meth)acrylic anhydride, contains an unsaturated resin having a (meth)acryloyl group (A) which has a double bond equivalent weight of 200 to 500, an ester number of 100 to 300, and a hydroxyl number of no more than 130, an ethylenically unsaturated monomer (B), and a radical polymerization initiator (C).

Abstract: A process for producing an olefin polymer is provided, in which ethylene and at least one kind or more of monomers selected from ?-olefins are polymerized by a high temperature solution polymerization in a temperature range between 120 and 300° C., in the presence of an olefin polymerization catalyst composed of a bridged metallocene compound represented by general formula [I] described below and at least one kind or more compounds (B) selected from (b-1) an organoaluminum oxy-compound, (b-2) a compound capable of forming an ion pair in a reaction with the bridged metallocene compound mentioned above, and (b-3) an organoaluminum compound.

Abstract: An epoxy resin cured article has a high glass transition temperature and low dissipation factor. An epoxy resin composition from which the cured article can be having excellent solubility in solvents is used to produce the cured articles. A polyester as a curing agent of an epoxy resin composition having an aromatic polyhydroxy coumpound residue including an aryloxycarbonyl group at the molecule of the terminal, an aromatic polyvalent hydrocarbon group residue, and bulky structure, is used. Since the curing agent behaves as a polyfunctional curing agent, a cured article produced therefrom has a high crosslink density. Since highly polar hydroxyl groups are not formed during curing, a cured article has high glass transition temperature and a low dissipation factor. The cured article does not release low molecular weight carboxylic acids though hydrolysis of ester bonds at crosslinked bonds.

Abstract: The present invention allows the production of a polymerizable hyperbranched polyester by introducing polymerizable unsaturated double bonds into the molecular terminals of a hyperbranched polyester polyol (A), which is obtained by condensation polymerization a polyhydroxy monocarboxylic acid in which there are at least two hydroxyl groups, the carbon atom adjacent to the carboxy group is saturated carbon atom, and the hydrogen atoms on said carbon atom are all substituted, by reacting the hyperbranched polyester polyol (A) and an alkyl ester of a carboxylic acid having a polymerizable unsaturated double bond (B) by a transesterification in the presence of at least one type of transesterification catalyst (C) selected from the group consisting of a dialkyl tin oxide and a stanoxane, without causing side reactions such as nucleophilic addition reactions of terminal hydroxyl groups to polymerizable unsaturated double bonds of the hyperbranched polyester polyol (A), or thermal polymerization of the polymerizable

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a non-conjugated cyclic diene and a non-conjugated cyclic diene composition which enable the production of a polymer based on non-conjugated cyclic diene which makes it possible to produce a (co)polymer at a high degree of polymerization activity, and a method of producing a polymer based on non-conjugated cyclic diene which makes it possible to produce a (co)polymer at a high degree of polymerization activity. A non-conjugated cyclic diene is used which meets at least one of the following requirements: (1) it contains a compound having a seven-membered cyclic triene hydrocarbon structure in a specific amount or less and (2) it contains a conjugated polyene compound having an eight-membered bicyclic hydrocarbon structure in a specific amount.

Abstract: The present invention provides an aqueous resin composition that can be utilized in a wide variety of fields including paints for vehicles, paints for cans, paints for the outer facings of buildings, adhesives, inks, impregnating agents for fibers and paper, and sealing agents and the like, wherein the aqueous resin composition comprises a polyester resin (A) having an acid value from 10 to 50 and a hydroxyl value from 20 to 150, a vinyl modified polyester resin (B) having an acid value from 20 to 100 and a hydroxyl value from 20 to 150, and a curing agent (C).

Abstract: An apparatus for the cryogenic distillation of air includes an assembled unit that has a first distillation column module within which is provided a cryogenic distillation column; a heat exchange module within which is provided heat exchange means for cooling column feed air to a cryogenic distillation temperature; and at least one further processing unit. The or each distillation column, the heat exchange means, and the or each further processing unit are operationally interconnected, and the assembled unit is suitable for transportation to and erection at the site for a cryogenic air separation plant. Construction of a cryogenic air distillation plant is simplified resulting in a reduction in construction cost and time of construction. In addition, as components of the apparatus are self-contained within modules, the risk of contamination of the internal components is reduced, thus improving control of the quality of the construction.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a fluorinated bridged carbocyclic compound that can be polymerized by itself or with at least one other ethylenically unsaturated monomer to provide a polymer. The polymer may be used, for example, within a sub-300 nm photoresist composition. Also disclosed is a method to make the bridged carbocyclic compound.

Abstract: The invention is a pigment comprising titanium dioxide and an amino phosphoryl compound. The pigment of the invention imparts improved physical qualities, such as improved lacing resistance and dispersion, when incorporated into polymers.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a highly-crystallized double oxide powder composed of a single crystal phase which can be used as a phosphor material, a dielectric material, a magnetic material, etc. The method involves forming fine droplets of a raw material solution containing a raw material compound that includes at least one metal element and/or at least one semi-metal element that constitutes a double oxide, and heating these droplets at a high temperature, wherein the raw material solution is a solution which exhibits only one main peak attributable to the decomposition reaction of the raw material compound or a reaction intermediate thereof in a DTA profile when the solution is dried and solidified and subjected to TG-DTA measurement.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pellicle, wherein a peel strength is from 0.004 N/mm to 0.10 N/mm when a non-surface-treated polyethylene terephthalate film having a thickness of 125 ?m is peeled in a direction of 180 degrees at a temperature of 23° C. after the polyethylene terephthalate film has been adhered to the mask adhering surface of the pellicle.

Abstract: An ink composition for ultraviolet curable ink-jet recording including carbon black, a photopolymerizable compound and a photopolymerization initiator, comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of non-metallic phthalocyanine sulfonic acids, metal phthalocyanine sulfonic acids in which the central metal is Cu, Fe, Ni, Co, or Ti, and metal salts thereof, and a polymer dispersant containing a basic functional group. The photopolymerizable compound may dissolve the polymer dispersant.

Abstract: A curing composition comprising (1) a fluorine-containing curing monomer containing a fluorinated alkyl group having not less than 6 carbon atoms, (2) a fluorine-containing curing monomer containing a fluorinated alkyl group having not more than 5 carbon atoms, and (3) a polyfunctional curing monomer, the weight ratio of said fluorine-containing curing monomer (1) to said fluorine-containing curing monomer (2) ranging from 75/25 to 99/1. The composition is coated on an optical fiber base and cured by active energy rays to provide a core/clad optical fiber excellent in transparency, mechanical strength, environmental resistance, and optical characteristics.