Abstract: Copolyether ester amides having a melting point between about 85.degree. and 140.degree. C. are produced from:(A) lactams or omega-aminocarboxylic acids and/or equivalent amounts of dicarboxylic acids and diamines as polyamide-forming compounds; and(B) dicarboxylic acids and polyalkylene oxide diols as polyether ester forming compounds as thermoplastic adhesives for heat sealing textiles, wherethe polyamide forming compounds consist of at least 30% by weight of lauryllactam and the remaining compounds together with lauryllactam result in copolyamides which have melting points which lie in the range between about 90.degree. to 150.degree. C.;aliphatic dicarboxylic acids are used as the dicarboxylic acids; andcomponents A and B are used in the weight ratio from 93/7 to 35/65.

Abstract: In a process for preparing a vinyl chloride resin by polymerizing vinyl chloride alone or with up to 20% by weight of other polymerizable unsaturated monomers, in an aqueous suspension, in the presence of a monomer-soluble free radical catalyst and a suspension stabilizer which is partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate or cellulose ether, there is an improvement wherein the polymerization is conducted in the presence of 0.02-0.3% by weight, based on the amount of monomer to be polymerized, of a cosuspension stabilizer which is a copolymer of 2-n-propyl-.DELTA..sup.2 -oxazoline, 2-isopropyl-.DELTA..sup.2 -oxazoline or both and 2-methyl-.DELTA..sup.2 oxazoline, 2-ethyl-.DELTA..sup.2 -oxazoline or both, the copolymer having a viscosity number of 35-70 (ml/g), measured at 25.degree. C. in an isopropanol/water mixture (50 vol-% of isopropanol), in a concentration of 0.5% (weight/volume of the solution).

Abstract: A process for producing linear or slightly branched 2-(C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 -alkyl)-.DELTA..sup.2 -oxazoline copolymers from more than 50 mole % of 2-(isopropyl- and/or n-propyl)-.DELTA..sup.2 -oxazoline and less than 50 mole % of 2-(methyl- and/or ethyl)-.DELTA..sup.2 -oxazoline, the copolymers having a viscosity number in the range of 35 to 70 ml/g which is easily reproducible from batch to batch, comprises polymerizing the corresponding monomers in the presence of a cation-active catalyst having an anion of slightly nucleophilic nature, wherein,1. the monomers contain less than 200 mg of water per liter of monomer and less than 0.003% by weight of basic nitrogen, the monomers being obtained by specified purification operations:2.1 the polymerization is discontinuous and is carried out in a stirring vessel having a reflux condenser adequately dimensioned to remove the heat of polymerization by evaporative cooling,2.

Abstract: The process for preparing thermoplastic polyether amides or polyether ester amides from lactams, dicarboxylic acids and polyethers having hydroxyl end groups and amino end groups or polyethers having amine end groups is improved.First, a mixture of lactams having at least 8 C atoms with dicarboxylic acids is melted in a molar ratio of 100/7 to 100/120 at temperatures of 230.degree. to 300.degree. C. while being mechanically mixed, in an inert gas atmosphere at ordinary pressure and in the absence of water, until the lactams have been reacted to at least 99%. Then, the polyether bearing the hydroxyl end groups and/or the amino end groups is added in a molar ratio of 1/0.95 to 1/1.05, based on the amount of dicarboxylic acid contained in the molten mixture. Homogenizing is then carried out with further mixing at 230.degree. to 290.degree. C. Lastly, a polycondensation is carried out to completion at 250.degree. to 290.degree. C.

Abstract: Method for manufacturing polyether ester amides by polycondensing at ordinary or reduced pressure, optionally in the presence of catalysts. A hot melt of:(a) polyamides having carboxyl end groups with polyethers having hydroxyl end groups and amino end groups;(b) polyamides having carboxyl end groups and polyethers having hydroxyl end groups;(c) polyamides having carboxyl end groups with polyethers having amino end groups; or(d) polyamides having amino end groups with polyethers having carboxyl end groups;is treated at temperatures from about 200.degree. to 300.degree. C. and at a water vapor pressure of about 5 to 25 bars with mechanical agitation and after water is removed by decompression the polycondensation of the polyether ester amide is carried out.

Abstract: Transparent, high molecular-weight copolyamides having high glass transition temperatures, based on:(1) lactams or omega-aminocarboxylic acids;(2) terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, esters thereof, ester forming derivatives thereof, or mixtures thereof; and(3) mixtures of diamines; the copolyamide consisting of:(A) about 25 to 60 mole % of at least one omega-aminocarboxylic acid having at least 11 C atoms or its lactams;(B) about 40 to 75 mole % of an equivalent mixture of terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid or a mixture thereof, and a diamine mixture of about 80 to 50 mole % referred to the total diamines, of isophorone diamine and correspondingly about 20 to 50 mole % of diamines of the general formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are hydrogen atoms or alkyl groups having 1 to 4 C atoms and the sum of A+B amounts to 100 mole %.The copolyamides have utility as transparent, impact resistant molded articles.

Abstract: A process for preparing polyether amides of polyether ester amides by polycondensing polyamides bearing carboxyl end groups with polyethers bearing hydroxyl end groups and/or amino end groups at ordinary or reduced pressure, in the presence of catalysts, the polyamides bearing the end groups and the polyethers bearing the end groups first being treated at temperatures from about 200.degree. to 300.degree. C. at a water vapor pressure of 5 to 25 bars and with mechanical agitation, and wherein upon removing the water by expansion, the polycondensation is carried to completion. The present invention differs from the prior art in that the polyamides bearing carboxyl groups being used are prepared by melting a mixture of lactams having at least 8 C atoms with dicarboxylic acids in the molar ratio of 100/1 to 100/15 in the presence of a catalyst, in an inert gas atmosphere, at atmospheric pressure and in the absence of water at temperatures from 230.degree. to 300.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for the purification of terephthalic acid in which a dispersion of the terephthalic acid in a liquid dispersant such as acetic acid is continuously pumped repeatedly through a cycle. Fresh dispersion is fed continuously into the cycle while simultaneously a corresponding amount of treated dispersion is removed. The cycle comprises a heater and a cooler and the cooler serves as a crystallizer. The dispersion prior to entering the heater is subjected to a highly effective particle comminution and is exposed upstream of or in the heater to an oxygen containing gas such as air. The acetic acid dispersant is removed from the treated dispersion and recycled to the cycle.

Abstract: A process for preparing sodium bicarbonate and hydrogen chloride by reacting an aqueous sodium chloride solution with carbon dioxide under pressure in the presence of an amine and of an organic solvent.1. Carbon dioxide is introduced under a pressure of5-80 bars into a mixture essentially containing1.1 an aqueous sodium chloride solution,1.2 a tertiary amine,1.3 a non-polar, organic solvent, and1.4 a polar, organic solvent having a boiling point above 140.degree. C.,2. the aqueous and organic phases obtained are separated under the same pressure as step 1,3. the aqueous phase is rid of the precipitated sodium bicarbonate and following reconcentration with sodium chloride is fed back into process stage 1 (carbonization),4. the organic phase(s) containing the polar and non-polar organic solvents is (are) heated and the hydrogen chloride released is evacuated, and5. the tertiary amine, polar and non-polar organic solvents from step 4 are recirculated to step 1.

Abstract: Self-extinguishing, fine particulate, expandable styrene polymers for the manufacture of molded articles, containing bromine compounds and one synergist. The synergist, referred to the styrene polymer, is at least one hydrocarbon present in amounts from about 0.1 to 3% by weight and forms stable radicals at temperatures above 300.degree. C.

Abstract: Polyamide powder coating compositions for the coating of metals at high temperatures are obtained by the precipitation method from polyamides having at least 10 aliphatically bound carbon atoms per carbonamide group, copolyamides having at least 70% of these polyamides and mixtures of homopolyamides and copolyamides having at least 70% of these polyamides.A. For the preparation of powder coating compositions useful in the fluidized bed coating method the polyamides with 10 or more carbon atoms and having a relative viscosity between 1.4 and 1.8 are added to at least twice the amount by weight of ethanol and while the mixture is being mechanically mixed in a closed vessel is converted into a solution at temperatures between 130.degree. and 150.degree. C. This solution is adjusted to a precipitation temperature of between 100.degree. and 125.degree. C. while avoiding the formation of local sub-cooling and is agitated under an inert gas atmosphere to suppress boiling.

Abstract: A process for producing sodium bicarbonate and hydrogen chloride by reacting an aqueous sodium chloride solution with carbon dioxide in the presence of an amine and an organic solvent. The steps of the process are carried out, wherein:(1) carbon dioxide is introduced into a mixture containing essentially(1.1) an aqueous sodium chloride solution,(1.2) a tertiary amine, and(1.3) a polar, organic solvent;(2) the aqueous and organic phases so obtained are separated;(3) the aqueous phase freed from the separated sodium bicarbonate following reconcentration with sodium chloride is fed back into process stage 1 (carbonization stage);(4) the organic phase (s) (is) are separated from the polar organic solvent and possibly of water to the widest possible extent and/or required; and(5) the residue containing a non-polar solvent is heated and the hydrogen chloride is removed.

Abstract: A process for preparing sodium bicarbonate and hydrogen chloride by reacting an aqueous sodium chloride solution with carbon dioxide under pressure in the presence of an amine and of an organic solvent.1. Carbon dioxide is introduced under a pressure of8-80 bars into a mixture essentially containing1.1 an aqueous sodium chloride solution,1.2 a tertiary amine,1.3 a non-polar organic solvent, and1.4 a polar, organic solvent having a boiling point above 140.degree. C.,2. the aqueous and organic phases obtained are separated under the same pressure as step 1,3. the aqueous phase is rid of the precipitated sodium bicarbonate and following reconcentration with sodium chloride is fed back into process stage 1 (carbonization),4. the organic phase(s) containing the polar and non-polar organic solvents is (are) heated and the hydrogen chloride released is evacuated, and5. the tertiary amine, polar and non-polar organic solvents from step 4 are recirculated in step 1.

Abstract: Method for the hydroformylation of olefins with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of soluble cobalt compounds as the catalyst at an elevated temperature and under increased pressure, and optionally in the presence of paraffins and/or other inert diluents. The hydroformylation is conducted, in a first stage, up to a conversion of about 40-75 percent with remixing of the reaction mixture, and then, in a second stage, up to a conversion of at least 95 percent, preferably 95-98 percent, without remixing.

Abstract: The activity and the service life of supported silver catalysts used in the preparation of ethylene oxide by the catalytic vapor phase oxidation of ethylene with molecular oxygen are extended by using mixtures of:(a) supported silver catalysts and promoter metal compounds;(b) supported silver catalysts and supported promoter metal compounds;(c) promoter metal compound treated supported silver catalysts and promoter metal compounds; or(d) promoter metal compound treated supported silver catalysts and supported promoter metal compounds.Promoter metal compounds containing about 0.001-0.05% by weight rubidium, about 0.01-0.20% by weight potassium, about 0.001-0.5% by weight cesium or about 0.01-0.25% by weight barium, based on the total weight of catalyst, are suitable.

Abstract: The process for separating sulfuric acid from the sulfoxidation output obtained when paraffins are reacted with sulfuric acid, oxygen and water in the presence of ultraviolet light, using an alcohol containing at least 5 C atoms, is improved by treating the sulfoxidation output with a 0.25 to 2.5 fold amount by weight of a mixture of(a) 40 to 95% by weight of alcohol, and(b) 5 to 60% by weight of paraffins and the aqueous phase formed thereby is separated with the sulfuric acid.

Abstract: A method for the production of blocked isocyanate- and isocyanurate group-containing compounds which comprises reacting a monomeric cycloaliphatic polyisocyanate to form an intermediate mixture comprising an isocyanurate containing at least two free isocyanate groups; and blocking the intermediate isocyanurate mixture with dimethylketoxime at 50.degree.-120.degree. C., wherein the amount of said dimethylketoxime is such that one equivalent of NCO group reacts with one equivalent of the dimethylketoxime. A mixture containing isocyanurate and blocked isocyanate groups which comprises at least 10% by weight of a cycloaliphatic isocyanurate containing at least two isocyanate groups blocked with dimethylketoxime and a monomeric polyisocyanate blocked with dimethylketoxime in such amounts as necessary to complete 100% by weight of the mixture, and wherein the unblocked NCO-group content of the monomeric polyisocyanate is less than 0.5% by weight.

Abstract: According to the present invention, ammonia and hydrogen chloride are prepared from ammonium chloride.The steps of the process include:1. heating a mixture consisting essentially of(a) ammonium chloride,(b) a water-insoluble amine, and(c) an organic solvent;2. evacuating the ammonia released thereby;3. removing the polar solvent and any water remaining in the sump to the extent possible and/or required; and4. heating the residue containing a non-polar and/or a weakly polar solvent and removing the hydrogen chloride.

Abstract: A process for preparing silver catalysts containing alkaline earth metals and alkali metals as promoters for the production of ethylene oxide by oxidizing ethylene with oxygen or oxygen-containing gases. The silver catalysts are prepared by:(a) depositing a suspension consisting of silver oxide and an aqueous solution of an organic silver salt on a porous substrate, the molar ratio of the silver in the silver oxide to the silver in the silver salt being from about 35 to 65%, and periodically increasing the pressure (decreasing the vacuum) being used during the absorption;(b) carrying out an interim drying as a thin moving bed in an inert gas atmosphere at temperatures between about 50.degree. and 150.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for separating sulfonic acids from the reaction product obtained by reacting paraffins with sulfuric acids, oxygen and water in the presence of ultra-violet light where an alcohol is used as an extractant.The reaction product is treated with an aromatic alcohol as the extractant where the general formula of the alcohol is: ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 is a phenyl group possibly substituted by halogen atoms and/or alkyl groups with 1 to 6 C atoms;R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 denote hydrogen;n is an integer from 1 to 3; andR.sup.2 may also be a methyl group when n=1.Three phases are formed with the center phase as the alcohol phase. The alcohol phase is isolated from the remaining phases and the sulfonic acids are separated from this center alcohol phase.