Abstract: A haze-free post-treated succinimide prepared by treating an alkenyl or alkyl succinimide with an oil-soluble, strong acid and contacting the treated succinimide with a cyclic carbonate to form the haze-free post-treated succinimide. The time, temperature, and acid concentration of the treating step and the time and temperature of contacting step are adjusted, in combination, to form the post-treated succinimide haze-free.

Abstract: A catalytic reforming process comprising the catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons to aromatics, said process comprising treating a halided zeolite catalyst (hiz-cat) containing a Group VIII metal at commercial startup conditions and then reforming hydrocarbons, wherein said catalyst is prepared by washing a bound zeolite catalyst base or a bound zeolite catalyst before halide addition. A preferred hiz-cat is a non-acidic Pt K L-zeolite catalyst prepared by a process that includes the steps of preparing a calcined silica-bound K L-zeolite catalyst base; washing said bound zeolite catalyst base with a liquid comprising water; and incorporating Pt and halogen-containing compound(s) comprising chlorine and fluorine into said washed catalyst base. Ammonium chloride and ammonium fluoride are preferred halide sources.

Abstract: A fuel composition comprising a major amount of hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline range and a fuel consumption reducing amount of a fuel additive composition comprising: (a) at least one amine compound selected from the group consisting of: (1) a fuel-soluble aliphatic hydrocarbyl-substituted amine having at least one basic nitrogen atom where the hydrocarbyl group has a number average molecular weight of about 700 to 3,000, and (2) a poly(oxyalkylene)amine having at least one basic nitrogen atom and a sufficient number of oxyalkylene units to render the poly(oxyalkylene)amine soluble in hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline range; and (b) an ester of a carboxylic acid and a polyhydric alcohol, wherein the carboxylic acid has from one to about four carboxylic acid groups and from about 8 to about 50 carbon atoms and the polyhydric alcohol has from about 2 to about 50 carbon atoms and from about 2 to about 6 hydroxy groups.

Abstract: A catalytic reforming process comprising the catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons to aromatics, said process comprising treating a halided zeolite catalyst (hiz-cat) containing a Group VIII metal at commercial startup conditions and then reforming hydrocarbons, wherein said catalyst is prepared by washing a bound zeolite catalyst base or a bound zeolite catalyst before halide addition. A preferred hiz-cat is a non-acidic Pt K L-zeolite catalyst prepared by a process that includes the steps of preparing a calcined silica-bound K L-zeolite catalyst base; washing said bound zeolite catalyst base with a liquid comprising water; and incorporating Pt and halogen-containing compound(s) comprising chlorine and fluorine into said washed catalyst base. Ammonium chloride and ammonium fluoride are preferred halide sources.

Abstract: In the present invention, a process is provided for producing high impact polystyrene of improved heat resistance. According to the invention, after phase inversion of the rubber-polystyrene system, a slurry of PPE in styrene is added in situ to the process. The PPE slurry in styrene contains greater than 15 wt. % of PPE and is introduced to the process at point past rubber phase inversion, preferably at point where total polymer solids is greater than 40 wt. % of the total weight of the polymerization mixture. Preferably, four continuous stirred tank reactors in series are used in the process and preferably the slurry of PPE in styrene monomer is introduced to the third CSTR.

Abstract: A poly(oxyalkylene)pyridyl or piperidyl ester having the formula: ##STR1## or a fuel-soluble salt thereof; wherein A is a nitrogen-containing ring selected from the group consisting of 3-pyridyl, 4-pyridyl, 3-piperidyl and 4-piperidyl; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl having 1 to about 6 carbon atoms and each R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is independently selected in each --O--CHR.sub.1 --CHR.sub.2 -- unit; R.sub.3 is hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to about 100 carbon atoms, phenyl, aralkyl having about 7 to about 100 carbon atoms or alkaryl having about 7 to about 100 carbon atoms; x is an integer from 0 to 4; and n is an integer from about 5 to about 100.The poly(oxyalkylene)pyridyl and piperidyl esters of the present invention are useful as fuel additives for the prevention and control of engine deposits.

Abstract: An unsulfurized, alkali metal-free, detergent-dispersant composition having from 40% to 60% alkylphenol, from 10% to 40% alkaline earth alkylphenate, and from 20% to 40% alkaline earth single aromatic-ring alkylsalicylate. This composition may have an alkaline earth double aromatic-ring alkylsalicylate as long as the mole ratio of single-ring alkylsalicylate to double aromatic-ring alkylsalicylate is at least 8:1. This composition may be produced by the three-step process involving neutralization of alkylphenols, carboxylation of the resulting alkylphenate, and filtration of the product of the carboxylation step.

Abstract: A low overbased alkyl phenyl sulfonate prepared by the neutralization of sulfonic acid with a sulfurized high TBN calcium alkylphenate in the absence of chloride and in the absence of additional carboxylic acid.

Abstract: A polyalkenyl derivative of an unsaturated acidic reagent prepared by the process of reacting a polyalkene having a Mn of at least 300 with an unsaturated acidic reagent at elevated temperatures in the absence of a strong acid until at least 25% of the polyalkene is converted to a polyalkenyl derivative of an unsaturated acidic reagent, continuing the reaction of the polyalkene with an excess of the unsaturated acidic reagent at elevated temperatures in the presence of a strong acid to convert at least some of the unreacted polyalkene to additional polyalkenyl derivative of an unsaturated acidic reagent, and removing the unreacted unsaturated acidic reagent.

Abstract: A polysuccinimide composition is prepared by reacting a mixture of an alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative, an unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer, and a polyamine under reactive conditions. The alkenyl or alkyl substituent of the alkenyl or alkylsuccinic acid derivative has a Mn of from 140 to 3000. The unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer has an average degree of polymerization of from 2 to 20, and is a copolymer of an unsaturated acidic reagent and an olefin having a Mn of at least 1000. The polyamine has at least three nitrogen atoms and has from 4 to 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An oxygen scavenging composition or system is provided comprising an oxygen scavenging material, a photoinitiator, and at least one catalyst effective in catalyzing an oxygen scavenging reaction, wherein the photoinitiator comprises a benzophenone derivative containing at least two benzophenone moieties. A film, a multi-phase composition, a multi-layer composition, a multi-layer film, an article comprising the oxygen scavenging composition, a method for preparing the oxygen scavenging composition, and a method for scavenging oxygen are also provided. Non-extractable benzophenone derivative photoinitiators and methods for preparing same are also provided.

Abstract: A fuel composition comprising a major amount of hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline or diesel range and a fuel additive composition comprising (a) about 15 to 2,000 parts per million by weight of an aromatic ester of a polyalkylphenoxyalkanol, (b) about 30 to 2,000 parts per million by weight of a poly(oxyalkylene) amine, and (c) about 30 to 2,000 parts per million by weight of an aromatic di- or tri-carboxylic acid ester; wherein the total amount of components (a) and (b) is at least about 70 parts per million by weight, and further wherein the weight ratio of component (c) to the total amount of components (a) and (b) is at least about 0.25 to 1. The fuel compositions of this invention are useful for the prevention and control of engine deposits.

Abstract: Ethers of polyalkyl or polyalkenyl N-hydroxyalkyl succinimides having the formula: ##STR1## or a fuel soluble salt thereof. The compounds of formula I are useful as fuel additives for the prevention and control of engine deposits.

Abstract: An amorphous aluminophosphate composition is provided which exhibits a microstructure of sheets and spheres of silica-modified aluminophosphate. Also provided is a method for preparing the composition comprising mixing an aqueous solution containing aluminum ions, phosphate ions and silica ions, with a neutralizing solution, wherein the mixing is conducted with sufficient shear to produce on a microlevel, sheets of silica-modified aluminophosphate and spheres of silica-modified aluminophosphate. A polymerization catalyst and a polymerization process are also provided.

Abstract: Silica powders and mixed silica-oxide powders and methods of preparing such powders for use as catalyst supports for polymerization processes.

Abstract: A succinimide composition is prepared by reacting a mixture of a polyalkenyl derivative, an unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer, and a polyamine under reactive conditions. The polyalkenyl derivative is produced by reacting an unsaturated acidic reagent with a polyalkene in the presence of a strong acid. The unsaturated acidic reagent copolymer is a copolymer of an unsaturated acidic reagent and an olefin.

Abstract: An esterification process and the products resulting from it which achieves a mixture of secondary esters which are effectively used with invert drilling muds, the process involving the addition of one or more C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 carboxylic acids and one or more C.sub.3 -C.sub.22 olefins in the presence of an acid catalyst.

Abstract: There are herein disclosed an L-type zeolite catalyst which is obtainable by supporting a platinum component, one or more halogen components and one or more metal components selected from the group Ib of the periodic table on an L-type zeolite, the support amount of one or more metal components selected from the group Ib being in the range of 0.001 to 3% by weight based on the total weight of the catalyst in terms of the metal, a molar ratio of one or more metal components selected from the group Ib/platinum being in the range of 0.01 to 1; and a method for producing aromatic hydrocarbons or a gasoline having a high octane number which comprises the step of bringing one or more fractions selected from a C6 fraction, a C7 fraction, and a C8.sup.+ fraction into contact with this catalyst.

Abstract: A fuel additive composition comprising:(a) an aromatic ester compound of the formula: ##STR1## or a fuel soluble salt thereof, wherein R is hydroxy, nitro or --(CH.sub.2).sub.x --NR.sub.5 R.sub.6, wherein R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and x is 0 or 1;R.sub.1 is hydrogen, hydroxy, nitro or --NR.sub.7 R.sub.8, wherein R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms;R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; andR.sub.4 is a polyalkyl group having an average molecular weight in the range of about 450 to 5,000; and(b) an aliphatic hydrocarbyl-substituted amine having at least one basic nitrogen atom, wherein the hydrocarbyl group has a number average molecular weight of about 400 to about 1,000.The fuel additive compositions of this invention are useful as fuel additives for the prevention and control of engine deposits.

Abstract: A process for catalytic reforming of feed hydrocarbons to form aromatics, comprising contacting the feed, under catalytic reforming conditions, with catalyst disposed in the tubes of a furnace, wherein the catalyst is a monofunctional, non-acidic catalyst and comprises a Group VIII metal and zeolite L, and wherein the furnace tubes are from 2 to 8 inches in inside diameter, and wherein the furnace tubes are heated, at least in part, by gas or oil burners located outside the furnace tubes.