Abstract: Disclosed herein is a trunk piston engine lubricating oil composition comprising (a) a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity; (b) one or more carboxylate-containing detergents comprising a salt of an alkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic carboxylic acid, wherein at least about 50% of the alkyl moiety of the alkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic carboxylic acid comprises C26+ alkyl groups derived from one or more normal alpha olefins; and (c) one or more zinc dithiophosphates in an amount of about 0.02 to about 0.12 wt. % in terms of phosphorus content.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for preparation of polyolefins containing exo-olefin chain ends. The method involves quenching a cationic quasi-living polyolefin polymer system with a nitrogen-containing five-membered aromatic ring having at least two hydrocarbyl substituent compounds attached to the ring.

Abstract: A gear oil additive composition and gear oil composition comprising a organic polysulfide having at least 30 wt % of a dialkyl polysulfide compound or mixture of dialkyl polysulfide compounds, a thiadiazole; and at least one ashless phosphorus-containing wear inhibitor compound is disclosed as having low yellow corrosion in axles and transmissions.

Abstract: A post-treated polymeric dispersant which comprises reacting (I) a post-treating agent selected from a cyclic carbonate, a linear mono-carbonate, a linear poly-carbonate, an aromatic polycarboxylic acid or an aromatic polycarboxylic anhydride or an aromatic polycarboxylic acid ester and (II) an oil-soluble lubricating oil additive composition prepared by the process which comprises reacting a copolymer, with at least one ether compound and with at least one aliphatic compound capable of reacting with at least one monocarboxylic acid or ester thereof, or dicarboxylic acid, anhydride or ester thereof.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to Mannich condensation product sequestering agents or mixtures of Mannich condensation product sequestering agents for use in fuels and lubricating oils. The present invention is also directed to a process for preparing the Mannich condensation product sequestering agents. The present invention is also directed to a product formed by combining, under reaction conditions, a polyisobutyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic compound, an aldehyde, an amino acid or ester thereof, and an alkali metal base to form the Mannich condensation product sequestering agent. The present invention is also directed to a lubricating oil composition, a lubricating oil concentrate, a fuel composition, and a fuel concentrate having the Mannich condensation product sequestering agents of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides a low phosphorus lubricating oil composition containing a mixture of zinc dithiophosphates in a certain ratio surprisingly yields improved lead corrosion. The synergistic combination of mixed zinc dithiophosphates containing a zinc primary dialkyl dithiophosphate, zinc secondary dialkyl dithiophosphate and zinc diaryl dithiophosphate in a respective ratio, based on the phosphorus content, of the zinc primary dialkyl dithiphosphate to zinc secondary dialkyl dithiophosphate from about 2:1 to about 1:2 and the ratio of the mixture of zinc primary dialkyl dithiophosphate and zinc secondary dialkyl dithiophosphate to zinc diaryl dithiophosphate from about 6:1 to about 1:1. When used in a lubricating oil composition having a total phosphorus content less than about 0.06 wt %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition to lubricate internal combustion engines. The mixture of zinc dithiophosphates greatly reduces lead corrosion.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and lubricant compositions for reducing wear in internal combustion engines lubricated with a low phosphorous content lubricating oil. The lubricant compositions of this invention comprise a synergistic combination of a dispersed, hydrated, alkali metal borate and at least one phosphorous-containing compound wherein the total phosphorous employed in the composition is no more than about 0.08 weight percent based on the total weight of the composition.

Abstract: A functional fluid comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, and an oil soluble amount of glycerol carbonate or an oil soluble amount of a borated glycerol.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a neutral or overbased salt of a sulfurized alkylhydroxyaromatic compound obtained by the process comprising the steps of (a) sulfurizing an alkylhydroxyaromatic compound derived from alkylation of a hydroxyaromatic compound with one or more olefins comprising C9 to C18 oligomers of monomers selected from propylene, butylene or mixtures thereof to provide a sulfurized alkylhydroxyaromatic reaction product; (b) removing any unsulfurized alkylhydroxyaromatic compound from the sulfurized alkylhydroxyaromatic reaction product of step (a) to obtain a sulfurized alkylhydroxyaromatic compound substantially free of the unsulfurized alkylhydroxyaromatic compound; and (c) neutralizing the sulfurized alkylhydroxyaromatic compound of step (b) to provide a salt of the sulfurized alkylhydroxyaromatic compound, wherein the overbased salt of the sulfurized alkylhydroxyaromatic compound contains less than about 2% by combined mass of the unsulfurized alkylhydroxyaromatic compound and its unsulfurized metal

Abstract: Multi-functional additives which impart improved antioxidancy to lubricating oil compositions and frictional properties resulting in improved fuel economy in an internal combustion engine are disclosed. More particularly disclosed are lubricating oil compositions for internal combustion engines comprising a) a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity; and b) a minor amount of an oil soluble hydroxylated amine salt of a hindered phenolic acid, said salt having the general formula I: wherein A and Q are each independently C2-C6 alkylene group; R is methyl, alkyl or alkenyl group having C2-C24 carbon atoms; Y is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl group or A-OH; x is an integer of 1 or 2; and z is an integer of 0 or 1.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing a molybdated succinimide complex, the process comprising: (a) reacting an alkyl or alkenyl mono- or bis-succinimide of a polyamine of formula I or formula II or mixtures thereof: wherein R is an alkyl or alkenyl group having a number average molecular weight of about 500 to about 5,000, R? is a straight or branched-chain alkylene group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, x is 2 to 11, and y is 1 to 10, with an ?,?-unsaturated mono-carboxylic acid or carboxylic acid ester, in a charge mole ratio of the ?,?-unsaturated mono-carboxylic acid or carboxylic acid ester to the succinimide of formula I or formula II or mixtures thereof of greater than 1.05:1 to about 6:1, and wherein the reaction temperature is in the range of from greater than 80° C. to no greater than about 150° C.

Abstract: A method is provided to determine the predisposition of a polymer to form network or gel in a lubricating oil which comprises obtaining a composition of a polymer in a diluent, measuring the shear stress as a function of shear rate, determining the yield stress using the Herschel-Bulkley equation and assessing the yield stress. A method is also provided to determine the predisposition of a polymer to form network or gel in a lubricating oil which comprises obtaining a composition of a polymer in a diluent, determining at least one of (i) the storage modulus G? and loss modulus G? of the composition by subjecting the composition to sinusoidal (oscillating) stress or strain of certain amplitude and frequency, (ii) the phase lag (angle) of the response strain or stress ?, or (iii) the tangent (tan) ?, and (c) assessing at least one of the G?, G?, ?, or tan(?) determined.

Abstract: An oil-soluble lubricating oil additive composition prepared by the process which comprises reacting (A) reacting a copolymer of an (i) an unsaturated acidic reagent; and (ii) a mono-olefin, with at least one linking hydrocarbyl di-primary amine, thereby producing a hybrid succinic anhydride copolymer having from about 10% to about 90% unreacted anhydride groups; and subsequently (B) reacting the hybrid succinic anhydride copolymer with a second amine compound, thereby producing the succinimide; and (C) reacting the succinimide with at least one post-treating agent selected from a cyclic carbonate, a linear mono-carbonate, a linear poly-carbonate, an aromatic polycarboxylic acid, an aromatic polycarboxylic anhydride, an aromatic polycarboxylic acid ester, or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for preparing an unsulfurized, carboxylate-containing additive for lubricating oils and the product produced by said method, wherein said method comprises a) neutralization of a mixture of at least two alkyl phenols using an alkaline earth base in the presence of a promoter, to produce a mixture of alkyl phenates, wherein the mixture of at least two alkyl phenols comprises at least a first alkyl phenol wherein the alkyl group is derived from an isomerized alpha olefin and a second alkyl phenol wherein the alkyl group is derived from a branched chain olefin; (b) carboxylation of the mixture of alkyl phenates obtained in step (a) using carbon dioxide under carboxylation conditions sufficient to convert at least 20 mole % of the starting alkyl phenols to alkyl salicylate; and (c) removal of at least about 10% of the starting mixture of at least two alkyl phenols from the product produced in step (b) to produce said additive.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to Mannich condensation product sequestering agents or mixtures of Mannich condensation product sequestering agents for use in fuels and lubricating oils. The present invention is also directed to a process for preparing the Mannich condensation product sequestering agents. The present invention is also directed to a product formed by combining, under reaction conditions, a polyisobutyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic compound, an aldehyde, an amino acid or ester thereof, and an alkali metal base to form the Mannich condensation product sequestering agent. The present invention is also directed to a lubricating oil composition, a lubricating oil concentrate, a fuel composition, and a fuel concentrate having the Mannich condensation product sequestering agents of the present invention.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for a vinylidene terminated polyolefin comprising: a. ionizing a polyolefin in the presence of a Lewis acid to form an ionized polyolefin; b. reacting the ionized polyolefin from step (a) with one or more dihydrocarbylmonosulfides; and c. reacting the product of step (b) with one or more proton acceptor compounds. In some embodiments, the dihydrocarbylmonosulfide has the formula: R1—S—R2 wherein R1 and R2 are each, independently, hydrocarbyl.

Abstract: A gear oil additive composition and gear oil composition comprising a organic polysulfide having at least 30 wt % of a dialkyl polysulfide compound or mixture of dialkyl polysulfide compounds, a thiadiazole; and at least one ashless phosphorus-containing wear inhibitor compound is disclosed as having low yellow corrosion in axles and transmissions.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for preparation of polyolefins containing exo-olefin chain ends. The method involves quenching a cationic quasi-living polyolefin polymer system with a nitrogen-containing five-membered aromatic ring having at least two hydrocarbyl substituent compounds attached to the ring.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for preparing vinylidene-terminated polyolefins. Further, provided herein are novel sulfide-terminated polyolefins of the formula: wherein R1 is a polyolefin group and R2 is hydrocarbyl; and methods for producing the same.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition containing a bis-type alkenyl-substituted succinimide which is prepared by reaction of succinic anhydride substituted with 2-alkenyl group having a branched structure in ?-position with alkylenepolyamine or a compound derived from the bis-type alkenyl-substituted succinimide by post-treatment in combination with a mixture of an overbased sulfonate having a C20-C24 alkyl group and an overbased salicylate having a C14-C18 alkyl group shows a high friction coefficient within a wide sliding velocity range and keeps its high anti-shudder performance for a long period of time.