Abstract: This disclosure provides for polymerization processes of polyolefins wherein the melt index can be regulated. For example, there is provided a process for producing a polyethylene, the process comprising: (1) in a polymerization reactor, contacting (a) a polymerization catalyst, (b) ethylene, (c) an optional ?-olefin comonomer, and (d) (x+y) ppm by weight of an antistatic agent on an ethylene basis; and (2) applying reaction conditions to the reaction mixture suitable to produce the polyethylene having a desired set of characteristics, such as desired target melt index. The disclosed polymerization processes allow for production of polyolefins having higher melt indices, and in the alternative to produce polyolefins having a desired target melt index at lower polymerization temperatures.

Abstract: This disclosure provides for processes to form a porous crosslinked polyphenoxide resin, using a templating process which can increase the porosity, pore size, active sites, and the like of the resin, as compared with a non-templated crosslinked polyphenoxide resin. The process includes contacting a phenol or polyphenol compound with formaldehyde and an aqueous base in the presence of a basic particulate template to form a templated crosslinked polyphenol resin. The templated crosslinked polyphenol resin can then be contacted with an aqueous acid to remove the basic particulate template and form a porous crosslinked polyphenol resin. This porous crosslinked polyphenol resin can subsequently be contacted with a metal-containing base to form a promoter for acrylate and acrylic acid formation from CO2 and ethylene coupling.

Abstract: Processes for activating chromium polymerization catalysts, which can use lower maximum activation temperatures and shorter activation times than conventional activation methods, and provide polyethylenes with high melt indices, broader molecular weight distributions, and lower long chain branching content. The activation process can comprise heating a supported chromium catalyst in an inert atmosphere to a first temperature (T1) for a first hold time (tH1), followed by allowing the chromium catalyst to attain a second temperature (T2) in the inert atmosphere, then contacting the chromium catalyst with an oxidative atmosphere for a second hold time (tH2), in which T2 can be less than or equal to T1. Additional activation treatments and conditioning steps are disclosed which can be used to enhance the melt index potential of Phillips (Cr/silica) catalysts.

Abstract: A naphtha reforming reactor system comprising a first reactor comprising a first inlet and a first outlet, wherein the first reactor is configured to operate as an adiabatic reactor, and wherein the first reactor comprises a first naphtha reforming catalyst; and a second reactor comprising a second inlet and a second outlet, wherein the second inlet is in fluid communication with the first outlet of the first reactor, wherein the second reactor is configured to operate as an isothermal reactor, and wherein the second reactor comprises a plurality of tubes disposed within a reactor furnace, a heat source configured to heat the interior of the reactor furnace; and a second naphtha reforming catalyst disposed within the plurality of tubes, wherein the first naphtha reforming catalyst and the second naphtha reforming catalyst are the same or different.

Abstract: Drilling mud compositions including a first concentration of powdered latex and a second concentration of SAS are described. The second concentration of SAS can be greater than or equal to the first concentration of latex. In some examples, the second concentration of SAS can be greater than the first concentration of latex. The drilling mud compositions may include an oil-based carrier, or a water-based carrier. An example technique includes dispersing a first predetermined amount of powdered latex and a second predetermined amount of SAS in a water-based carrier to form a water-based mud. Another example technique includes dispersing a first predetermined amount of powdered latex and a second predetermined amount of SAS in an oil-based carrier to form an oil-based mud.

Abstract: Methods for producing supported catalysts containing a transition metal and a bound zeolite base are disclosed. These methods employ a step of washing the bound zeolite base in the presence of an alkali metal, prior to impregnating the bound zeolitic support with the transition metal. Alkali metals such as potassium and cesium may be used.

Abstract: Processes for converting an olefin reactant into a diol compound are disclosed, and these processes include the steps of contacting the olefin reactant and a supported chromium catalyst comprising chromium in a hexavalent oxidation state to reduce at least a portion of the supported chromium catalyst to form a reduced chromium catalyst, and hydrolyzing the reduced chromium catalyst to form a reaction product comprising the diol compound. While being contacted, the olefin reactant and the supported chromium catalyst can be irradiated with a light beam at a wavelength in the UV-visible spectrum. Optionally, these processes can further comprise a step of calcining at least a portion of the reduced chromium catalyst to regenerate the supported chromium catalyst.

Abstract: A process for hydrogenation of an aromatic hydrocarbon including introducing a hydrocarbon feed comprising the aromatic hydrocarbon, a hydrogen feed comprising hydrogen, and a hydrogenation catalyst into a hydrogenation reactor operable with a liquid phase and a gas phase to produce a hydrogenation product; removing a gas phase product stream comprising the hydrogenation product; withdrawing a portion of the liquid phase; subjecting the withdrawn portion to heat exchange to provide a reduced-temperature withdrawn portion; introducing the reduced-temperature withdrawn portion back into the hydrogenation reactor; and at least one of: (a) providing at least two heat exchangers to effect the subjecting of the withdrawn portion of the liquid phase to heat exchange; (b) separating a decomposition product of the hydrogenation catalyst, the hydrogenation catalyst, or both, from the withdrawn portion of the liquid phase prior to the heat exchange; and (c) reducing exposure of the hydrogenation catalyst to an oxygen-co

Abstract: Catalyst compositions containing a metallocene compound, a solid activator, and a co-catalyst, in which the solid activator or the supported metallocene catalyst has a d50 average particle size of 15 to 50 ?m and a particle size distribution of 0.5 to 1.5, can be contacted with an olefin in a loop slurry reactor to produce an olefin polymer. A representative ethylene-based polymer produced using the catalyst composition has excellent dart impact strength and low gels, and can be characterized by a HLMI from 4 to 10 g/10 min, a density from 0.944 to 0.955 g/cm3, a higher molecular weight component with a Mn from 280,000 to 440,000 g/mol, and a lower molecular weight component with a Mw from 30,000 to 45,000 g/mol and a ratio of Mz/Mw ranging from 2.3 to 3.4.

Abstract: Methods for determining the catalytic activity of an activated chemically-treated solid oxide using a color measurement technique are described, and these methods are integrated into transition metal-based catalyst preparation processes and systems, as well as into olefin polymerization processes and related polymerization reactor systems.

Abstract: A method of monitoring a solid component of a reactor feed stream in a polymer production system, comprising (a) measuring a turbidity of the reactor feed stream, wherein the reactor feed stream comprises a solid component of a polymerization catalyst system, and (b) translating the turbidity of the reactor feed stream into a concentration of the solid component in the reactor feed stream. A method of monitoring a solid component of a reactor feed stream in a polymer production system, comprising (a) measuring a turbidity of a precontactor feed stream, wherein the precontactor feed stream comprises a solid component of a polymerization catalyst system, and (b) translating the turbidity of the precontactor feed stream into a concentration of the solid component in a precontactor effluent stream, wherein the precontactor effluent stream comprises the reactor feed stream.

Abstract: A method comprising a) contacting a solvent, a carboxylic acid, and a peroxide-containing compound to form an acidic mixture wherein a weight ratio of solvent to carboxylic acid in the acidic mixture is from about 1:1 to about 100:1; b) contacting a titanium-containing compound and the acidic mixture to form a solubilized titanium mixture wherein an equivalent molar ratio of titanium-containing compound to carboxylic acid in the solubilized titanium mixture is from about 1:1 to about 1:4 and an equivalent molar ratio of titanium-containing compound to peroxide-containing compound in the solubilized titanium mixture is from about 1:1 to about 1:20; and c) contacting a chromium-silica support comprising from about 0.1 wt. % to about 20 wt. % water and the solubilized titanium mixture to form an addition product and drying the addition product by heating to a temperature in a range of from about 50° C. to about 150° C. and maintaining the temperature in the range of from about 50° C. to about 150° C.

Abstract: A catalyst system comprising i) a 2-[(phosphinyl)aminyl] cyclic imine transition metal compound complex and ii) an organoaluminum compound. A process comprising contacting i) ethylene, ii) a catalyst system comprising (a) a 2-[(phosphinyl)aminyl] cyclic imine transition metal compound complex, and (b) an organoaluminum compound, and iii) optionally hydrogen to form an oligomer product.

Abstract: A method comprising a) contacting a solvent, a carboxylic acid, and a peroxide-containing compound to form an acidic mixture wherein a weight ratio of solvent to carboxylic acid in the acidic mixture is from about 1:1 to about 100:1; b) contacting a titanium-containing compound and the acidic mixture to form a solubilized titanium mixture wherein an equivalent molar ratio of titanium-containing compound to carboxylic acid in the solubilized titanium mixture is from about 1:1 to about 1:4 and an equivalent molar ratio of titanium-containing compound to peroxide-containing compound in the solubilized titanium mixture is from about 1:1 to about 1:20; and c) contacting a chromium-silica support comprising from about 0.1 wt. % to about 20 wt. % water and the solubilized titanium mixture to form an addition product and drying the addition product by heating to a temperature in a range of from about 50° C. to about 150° C. and maintaining the temperature in the range of from about 50° C. to about 150° C.

Abstract: A process of making an aromatization catalyst comprising: (a) mixing a zeolite, a binder, and water to form a mixture; (b) extruding the mixture to form a green extrudate; (c) drying the green extrudate to form a dried green extrudate; (d) calcining the dried green extrudate to form a support, wherein calcining the dried green extrudate is the only calcination step in the process; (e) washing the support to form a washed support; (f) drying the washed support to form a dried washed support; (g) impregnating the dried washed support with a Group 8-10 transition metal compound and at least one halide-containing compound to form a metalized-halided material; and (h) vacuum drying the metalized-halided material to form a dried metalized-halided material which is the aromatization catalyst.

Abstract: A naphtha reforming reactor system comprising a first reactor comprising a first inlet and a first outlet, wherein the first reactor is configured to operate as an adiabatic reactor, and wherein the first reactor comprises a first naphtha reforming catalyst; and a second reactor comprising a second inlet and a second outlet, wherein the second inlet is in fluid communication with the first outlet of the first reactor, wherein the second reactor is configured to operate as an isothermal reactor, and wherein the second reactor comprises a plurality of tubes disposed within a reactor furnace, a heat source configured to heat the interior of the reactor furnace; and a second naphtha reforming catalyst disposed within the plurality of tubes, wherein the first naphtha reforming catalyst and the second naphtha reforming catalyst are the same or different.

Abstract: Disclosed are metallocene compounds, catalyst compositions comprising a metallocene compound, processes for polymerizing olefins, methods for making catalyst compositions, olefin polymers and articles made from olefin polymers. In an aspect, a metallocene compounds contain a fluorenyl ligand and a cyclopentadienyl ligand which are bridged by a linking group, in which the metallocene is characterized by [1] the cyclopentadienyl ligand being substituted with a C2-C18 heterohydrocarbyl group having an oxygen atom positioned 5 atoms distance or less from the cyclopentadienyl ligand and [2] the linking group having a pendant C3-C12 alkenyl group having a terminal C?C double bond. It has been discovered that a catalyst composition comprising a metallocene compound having these features can produce polyethylene having a low melt index in the absence of a second metallocene.

Abstract: Methods of reducing heat exchanger fouling rate or of producing polyolefins may include providing a first gas stream comprising a gas and entrained fine polyolefin particles to a gas outlet line; removing a portion of the entrained fine polyolefin particles from the gas outlet line to form a bypass stream; and providing the bypass stream to a bypass line comprising a bypass line inlet and a bypass line outlet. The bypass line inlet and outlet are located upstream and downstream of a first heat exchanger. The methods may further include providing at least a portion of the first gas stream to the first heat exchanger; and combining the bypass stream and a second gas stream at the bypass line outlet to form a combined gas stream comprising one or more olefins or paraffins. A temperature of the combined gas stream is below the dew point of the combined gas stream.

Abstract: Techniques for drilling wellbores are described. The techniques include a) introducing a drilling fluid composition into a borehole defined by a formation; b) introducing a thinner composition including at least one tannin and at least one metal salt into the borehole; and c) contacting the thinner composition and the drilling fluid composition in the borehole, wherein the at least one tannin and at least one metal salt are not complexed ex situ. The at least one metal salt includes at least one copper salt, at least one zinc salt, or both at least one copper salt and at least one zinc salt.

Abstract: A method of determining multimodal polyethylene quality comprising the steps of (a) providing a multimodal polyethylene resin sample; (b) determining, in any sequence, the following: that the multimodal polyethylene resin sample has a melt index within 30% of a target melt index; that the multimodal polyethylene resin sample has a density within 2.5% of a target density; that the multimodal polyethylene resin sample has a dynamic viscosity deviation (% MVD) from a target dynamic viscosity of less than about 100%; that the multimodal polyethylene resin sample has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) deviation (% MwD) from a target Mw of less than about 20%; and that the multimodal polyethylene resin sample has a gel permeation chromatography (GPC) curve profile deviation (% GPCD) from a target GPC curve profile of less than about 15%; and (c) responsive to step (b), designating the multimodal polyethylene resin sample as a high quality resin.