Abstract: Systems and methods for determining a strategy to handle complex orders are disclosed. In one implementation, the system may include a trading platform, and a set of instructions to determine a complex orders strategy that includes whether to calculate a synthetic complex order book (COB) quote, and perform a COB enhanced execution, a spread flash, spread legging, spread linking, or any combination thereof to realize a price improvement. The system executes the complex orders strategy to obtain a strategy result determined to provide price improvement, and displays the complex orders strategy and the strategy result on a display device to the user.

Abstract: A method of creating and trading derivative contracts based on an average trading price of an underlying asset over a calculation period is disclosed. Typically, an underlying asset is chosen to be a base of an Asian derivative and a processor calculates a cumulative realized average price reflecting an average trading price of an underlying asset during a calculation period. A trading facility display device coupled to a trading platform then displays the Asian derivative and the trading facility transmits Asian derivative quotes from liquidity providers over at least one dissemination network.

Abstract: A computer system for calculating a time deposit volatility index comprising memory configured to store at least one program; and at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory, in which the at least one program, when executed by the at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to receive data regarding options on time deposit derivatives; calculate, using the data regarding options on time deposit derivatives, the time deposit volatility index; and transmit data regarding the time deposit volatility index.

Abstract: A computer system for handling missing or infrequent data used for calculating an index is described. The computer system uses the data approximation scheme for calculating a credit volatility index. The computer system includes a memory configured to store at least one program and at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory, in which the at least one program, when executed by the at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to receive data regarding options and, when data for a complete input data set is missing after a predetermined period, retrieve or generate estimated data points needed to calculate the index. The data points may be for credit default swap index derivatives using data regarding options on credit default swap index derivatives. The processor may generate a credit volatility index and transmit data regarding the credit volatility index.

Abstract: An automated system for matching orders from a virtual trading crowd in an exchange configured for trading securities or derivatives is disclosed including an electronic trade engine operative to receive an order or a quote for a security or derivative at the exchange, the trade engine further operative to disseminate a request for a price message to a plurality of market makers quoting a class in response to receiving the order or the quote, an electronic book in communication with the electronic trade engine, the electronic book operative to store at least one order or quote received by the electronic trade engine, a database including an allocation algorithm, the database in communication with the electronic trade engine, and a trade processor in communication with the database, the trade processor operative to analyze and execute orders or quotes according to the allocation algorithm selected from the database.

Abstract: An automated trading exchange having integrated quote risk monitoring and quote modification services is disclosed. The automated trading exchange is configured to receive orders and quotes, and have associated trading parameters such as a risk threshold. The automated trading exchange typically generates a trade by matching the received orders and quotes, where quotes belong to an overall quote group, to previously received orders and quotes. The automated trading exchange otherwise stores each of the received orders and quotes if a trade is not generated. The automated trading exchange then determines whether a quote has been filled as a result of the generated trade, and if so, determines a risk level and an aggregate risk level associated with said trade. The computer compares the aggregate risk level with the market-maker's risk threshold, and if the threshold is exceeded, automatically modifies at least one of the remaining quotes in the quote group.

Abstract: Systems and methods for creating and disseminating an interest rate swap volatility index based on an underlying interest rate swaption, and for creating and trading derivative investment products based on the interest rate swap volatility index, are disclosed. In one aspect, an interest rate swap volatility index based on an underlying interest rate swaption is calculated. The interest rate swap volatility index may be accessed by a processor of a trading platform and a standardized, exchange traded derivative may be created based on the calculated interest rate swap volatility index. Information associated with the interest rate swap volatility index derivative may then be transmitted for display.

Abstract: Embodiments include systems and methods for determining a tradable value, such as an SOQ and/or spot index for one or more financial products. The computer-implemented methods include receiving, by a computing device, a data feed having data fields that correspond to messages, orders, quotes, and other financial exchange specific data points. The computing device may be configured to select one or more input sets from the received data feed and determine a score for one or more of the selected input sets. Once one or more input sets are selected, the computing device may calculate an SOQ and/or spot index based on the selected input set(s) and disseminate the calculated SOQ and/or spot index to one or more market entities, such as a clearing corporation.

Abstract: An automated system for routing orders in an exchange configured for trading securities or derivatives is disclosed. The system includes an electronic trade engine operative to receive an order from an originating firm, the order including a designation specifying a preference for a particular market maker for a security or derivative at the exchange. Upon determining that the order cannot trade at the exchange, the electronic trade engine, via an order handling system, is operative to route the order to a second exchange with a second designation that is one of: identical to the designation of the received order or modified to a different designation according to predetermined instructions.

Abstract: A method of providing orders to a virtual trading crowd in an exchange prior to automatically linking the order to an away market includes receiving a marketable order at the exchange, wherein the exchange price differs from a national best bid or offer (NBBO) price, routing the order to a trade engine, disseminating a request for price message, the request for price message including a price equal to the NBBO price, receiving a response message, initiating a quote trigger, wherein the quote trigger occurs for a period of N seconds, allocating at least a portion of the order according to an allocation algorithm, wherein an order size of each market maker is capped to prevent inflation of an allocated portion of the order, and allocating any remaining portion of the order to at least one predetermined market maker guarantor for execution at the NBBO price.

Abstract: A computer system for calculating a government bond volatility index comprising memory configured to store at least one program; and at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory, in which the at least one program, when executed by the at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to receive data regarding options on government bond derivatives; calculate, using the data regarding options on government bond derivatives, the government bond volatility index; and transmit data regarding the government bond volatility index.

Abstract: A method of creating and trading derivative contracts based on a statistical property reflecting a variance of an underlying asset is disclosed. Typically, an underlying asset is chosen to be a base of a variance derivative and a processor calculates a value of the statistical property reflecting an average volatility of price returns of the underlying asset over a predefined period. A trading facility display device coupled to a trading platform then displays the variance derivative based on the value of the statistical property reflecting the volatility of the underlying asset and the trading facility transmits variance derivative quotes from liquidity providers over at least one dissemination network.

Abstract: A system and method for creating a limited risk derivative based on a realized variance of an underlying equity is disclosed. In one implementation, a limited risk derivative product includes a capped value for a statistical property reflecting a variance of the underlying equity is calculated based on a pari-mutuel action. The capped value comprises a dynamic value and a cap. The dynamic value reflects an average volatility of prices returns of the underlying equity over a predefined period of time and the cap reflects a maximum value of the dynamic value. The limited risk derivative product additionally includes an average of a summation of each squared daily return of the underlying equity included in the value for the statistical property reflecting the variance of the underlying equity.

Abstract: A computer system for calculating a time deposit volatility index comprising memory configured to store at least one program; and at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory, in which the at least one program, when executed by the at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to receive data regarding options on time deposit derivatives; calculate, using the data regarding options on time deposit derivatives, the time deposit volatility index; and transmit data regarding the time deposit volatility index.

Abstract: An improved volatility index and related futures contracts are provided. An index in accordance with the principals of the present invention estimates expected volatility from the prices of stock index options in a wide range of strike prices, not just at-the-money strikes. Also, an index in accordance with the principals of the present invention is not calculated from the Black/Scholes or any other option pricing model: the index of the present invention uses a newly developed formula to derive expected volatility by averaging the weighted prices of out-of-the money put and call options. In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, derivative contracts such as futures and options based on the volatility index of the present invention are provided.

Abstract: Systems and methods for creating and disseminating a SKEW index based on a statistical property reflecting the skewness of an underlying asset and creating and trading derivative investment products based on the SKEW index are disclosed. In one aspect, a SKEW index associated with an underlying asset is calculated. The SKEW index is accessed and a SKEW derivative is created based on the SKEW index. Information associated width the SKEW derivative is then transmitted for display.

Abstract: An investment instrument is disclosed that allows investors to take risk positions relative to the occurrence or non-occurrence of a contingent binary event. The contingent binary event will have one of two possible outcomes. In a digital derivatives contract, a long investor agrees to pay a short investor a contract amount in return for the short investor agreeing to pay the long investor one of two different settlement amounts depending on the outcome as the contingent binary event. Typically, one settlement amount will be zero and the other will be an amount greater than the derivatives contract price.

Abstract: Systems and methods for determining an index based on a covariance between two underlying assets is disclosed. In one implementation, a processor of a trading platform calculates a covariance index associated with two underlying assets, creates a covariance derivative associated with the two underlying assets based on the covariance index, and displays the covariance index and the covariance derivative on a trading display device coupled with the trading platform.

Abstract: An automated system for creating parity on close orders in an exchange configured for trading securities or derivatives is disclosed including an electronic trade engine operative to receive an order for a security or derivative at the exchange, the trade engine further operative to disseminate a request for a price message to a plurality of market makers quoting a class in response to receiving the order, wherein the request for a price message includes a parity amount for the order; an electronic book in communication with the electronic trade engine, the electronic book operative to store at least one order received by the electronic trade engine; and wherein, in response to the request for a price message, the electronic trade engine receives at least one price message that includes a fee in addition to the parity amount.

Abstract: Systems and methods for determining a trade fee charged by a trading venue to a market participant, or a rebate credited by a trading venue to a market participant are disclosed. The method may include a computer accessing and storing one or more order information parameters in memory, as well as accessing and storing one or more of market characteristics in memory. The method may further include calculating a trade fee or rebate that is based on at least one of the order information parameters and at least one of the market characteristics stored in memory. A system may include a memory containing instructions for calculating a trade fee or rebate and a processor in communication with the memory, the processor configured to execute the instructions according to the method set out above.