Abstract: A computer implemented method determines a margin requirement for a financial product portfolio. Market conditions for the financial product portfolio are characterized by a zero curve. The method includes producing a plurality of scenario curves, each scenario curve reflecting a principal component analysis (PCA) model of the zero curve with a respective PCA factor of a plurality of PCA factors of the PCA model offset from a corresponding base value for the zero curve, calculating a respective projected value of the financial product portfolio for each scenario curve of the plurality of scenario curves, calculating a loss risk amount for each PCA factor based on the respective projected value and a current value of the financial product portfolio, and determining the margin requirement based on a sum of the loss risk amounts for the plurality of PCA factors.

Abstract: An electronic trading system utilizes a Match Engine that receives orders, stores them internally, calculates tradable combinations and advertises the availability of real and implied orders in the form of market data. New tradable items defined as combinations of other tradable items may be included in the calculation of tradable combinations. A technique is disclosed for suppression of the calculation and/or subsequent listing of an implied order when the order is either undesired or unnecessary in the market therefore.

Abstract: A streaming platform reader includes: a plurality of reader threads configured to retrieve messages from a plurality of partitions of a streaming platform, wherein each message in the plurality of partitions is associated with a unique identifier; a plurality of queues coupled to the plurality of reader threads configured to store messages or an end of partition signal from the reader threads, wherein each queue includes a first position that stores the earliest message stored by a queue; a writer thread controlled by gate control logic that: compares the identifiers of all of the messages in the first positions of the queues of the plurality of queues, and forwards, to a memory, the message associated with the earliest identifier; and wherein the gate control logic blocks the writer thread unless each of the queues contains a message or an end of partition signal.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments relate to implementation of a transaction processing system having improved equity among the communications paths between the ingress/egress points of the trading system network, where electronic data transaction messages originated from, or are destined, for different sources/destinations, effectively enter or exit the trading system, to/from the transaction processing component thereof, i.e., the match engine, market data feed generator, where those messages are ultimately processed and outbound messages reflective thereof are generated. The disclosed embodiments attempt to compensate for variances in latencies as between different network communications routes between the electronic ingress/egress points of the electronic trading system and the internal processing components which implement the functions of the trading system.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments relate to implementation of an electronic framework, also referred to as a protocol or architecture, for electronically achieving, recording and implementing, via an electronic communications network, consensus among participants for the definition, implementation and operation of an electronic transaction processing system as a precursor to the operation of that transaction processing system in processing transactions according to the consensus among the participants. The disclosed consensus framework provides a system and protocol by which new electronic transaction processing systems may be developed and implemented among participants via an electronic negotiation and implementation of the operational rules therefore. The disclosed embodiments eliminate the need for out of band consensus negotiations and provide flexibility for participants to negotiate acceptable operational rules which can support complex transactional processes in an electronic environment.

Abstract: An electronic trading system is configured to trade credit default swap (CDS) futures contracts on an open exchange. The CDS futures contract allows the buyer and seller isolate and trade the credit risk of a third party. The third pay may be a corporation, sovereign government, or any entity that issues bonds or notes. The CDS futures contract seller effectively pays the premium over time in increments determined by market rates and through the natural operation of the open market. The CDS futures contract buyer makes a contingency payment if the CDS futures contract goes in-the-money (ITM). Both sides of the contract are guaranteed by the exchange as a counterparty.

Abstract: A computer implemented method for controlling operational states of a hardware matching processor includes monitoring, by a circuit breaker, incoming electronic data transaction request messages to the hardware matching processor; dynamically defining a range of values as a function of values included with electronic data transaction request messages received during a rolling lookback window; detecting that an incoming electronic data transaction request message contains a value outside the range of values; transitioning the electronic data transaction processing system into a pre-open state for a predetermined period, thereby preventing the hardware matching processor from matching incoming electronic data transaction request messages; calculating a pre-open value at an end of the pre-open state; and re-opening the electronic data transaction processing system at the calculated pre-open value, thereby allowing the hardware matching processor to match incoming electronic data transaction request messages.

Abstract: The disclosed systems and methods relate to allowing trading of over the counter (“OTC”) foreign exchange (“FX”) contracts on a centralized matching and clearing mechanism, such as that of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange's (“CME”'s) futures exchange system (the “Exchange”). The disclosed systems and methods allow for anonymous transactions, centralized clearing, efficient settlement and the provision of risk management/credit screening mechanisms to lower risk, reduce transaction costs and improve the liquidity in the FX market place. In particular, the disclosed embodiments increase speed of execution facilitating growing demand for algorithmic trading, increased price transparency, lower cost of trading, customer to customer trading, and automated asset allocations, recurring trades as well as clearing and settlement efficiencies.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments relate to implementation of a trading system, which may also be referred to as a trading system architecture, having improved performance which further assures transactional determinism under increasing processing transaction loads while providing improved trading opportunities, fault tolerance, low latency processing, high volume capacity, risk mitigation and market protections with minimal impact, as well as improved and equitable access to information and opportunities.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments relate to ensuring that a selected value, selected, for example, via interaction with a graphic user interface, of a dynamically changing parameter, such as a price, is used when generating an electronic data transaction request message in a data transaction processing system, such as an electronic trading system. The data transaction processing system being a system in which data items, such as financial contracts, e.g., futures contracts, are transacted or otherwise traded by a hardware matching processor that attempts to match electronic data transaction request messages with electronic data transaction request messages counter thereto for the same one of the data items based on multiple transaction parameters. A selected value is temporarily buffered allowing the represented value to update wherein a subsequently generated transaction may be based on the buffered value rather than an updated value.

Abstract: A monitoring system monitors processing of incoming messages by an application, and logs data related to performance of the application. The application includes a plurality of checkpoints, and the monitoring system logs data upon each message traversing the checkpoints in the application. The monitoring system is configured to dynamically modify checkpoints within the application based on latency detection of portions of the application, resulting in improved granularity/resolution of the data collected from congested portions of the application, and reducing the performance penalty of the monitoring system from portions of the application that are not congested.

Abstract: A computer implemented method for aggregating quantities associated with messages includes: generating an implied message for an object based on two constituent messages, wherein the implied message is associated with a value based on the values of the constituent messages, a priority that is equivalent to the lower of the priorities of the constituent messages, and a quantity that is equivalent to the lesser of the quantities of the constituent messages, receiving third and fourth messages, increasing the quantity of the implied message based on the received messages, and upon an occurrence of a match event involving the implied message, automatically allocating all of the quantity of the implied message for matching during the match event before allocating any of the quantity associated with the third message for matching during the match event.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for settling futures contracts that are based on virtual currencies. A clearing counter-party operates a clearing counter-party computer that may oversee physical delivery of virtual currency between a buyer and seller. The clearing counter-party computer does not take possession of the virtual currency and monitors a publicly viewable ledger to confirm that transactions have taken place.

Abstract: Systems are provided for compressing portfolios of open option positions. Market participants may provide constraints, such as net delta and gamma values within a specific tolerance. A compression engine uses a linear, integer and/or linear-quadratic programming solver to analyze portfolios of multiple market participants and identify multilateral option spread trades that result in portfolios that are compressed subject to the constraints.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments relate to implementation of a trading system, which may also be referred to as a trading system architecture, having improved performance which further assures transactional determinism under increasing processing transaction loads while providing improved trading opportunities, fault tolerance, low latency processing, high volume capacity, risk mitigation and market protections with minimal impact, as well as improved and equitable access to information and opportunities.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for processing and distributing market data. Critical data, such as data showing that a market price has changed is distributed without further delay. When the market data does not result in a change in a market price or does not meet another critical criteria, the market data is aggregated with market data for similar events and distributed when the aggregated market data passes a quantity threshold.

Abstract: The disclosed systems and methods make derivatives contracts based on an underlying virtual currency available for trading. Certain derivatives contracts have a settlement value based on the transaction fees associated with recording and/or performing transactions for the selected virtual currency. The contracts can be used, for example, by virtual currency miners against certain risks associated with mining virtual currency.

Abstract: A computer implemented method for operating a token management system includes: generating the first plurality of request messages; generating a first plurality of public tokens; augmenting each of the first plurality of request messages with one of the first plurality of public tokens, the augmenting resulting in a first plurality of augmented request messages; transmitting the first plurality of augmented request messages to the first plurality of market participants; generating a second plurality of public tokens based on the first plurality of public tokens; querying a database of financial messages for any financial messages including any of the second plurality of public tokens; and associating a plurality of financial messages including any of the second plurality of public tokens with each other.

Abstract: Disclosed are a system and method, also referred to herein as an architecture, for efficiently communicating a high volume of data from a server over an electronic communications network to geographically disperse recipients, where one or more of those recipients may receive a customized version of that data, e.g., content, timing and/or form. As the data is generated, timing information and/or changes to information regarding customizations is incorporated forming a data stream which is communicated to local data publishers (“LDP's”). Upon receipt, the LDP's extract the data, customization, or timing information and act accordingly when transmitting the received data to the recipients. Customization is applied to update local control databases which specify the customizations for subsequently received data before transmission. By acting on the messages in real time, e.g.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments relate to implementation of a trading system, which may also be referred to as a trading system architecture, having improved performance which further assures transactional determinism under increasing processing transaction loads while providing improved trading opportunities, fault tolerance, low latency processing, high volume capacity, risk mitigation and market protections with minimal impact, as well as improved and equitable access to information and opportunities.