Abstract: Temperature controlling means for a thermostat for use in viscosity measurement including: a first thermometer detecting the temperature of a fluid sample which is immersed in a thermostat and whose viscosity is measured; a first controller obtaining the difference between a desired set point and the detected value of the sample temperature, momently calculating a set point of temperature of the thermostat according to an operation formula expresed as a function of the above temperature difference and making a controlled signal corresponding to the calculated set point; a second thermometer detecting the temperature of the thermostat; a heating and cooling device for heating and cooling a medium bath of the thermostat; and a second controller making a controlled signal for operating the heating and cooling device under a PID control formed on the basis of the difference between the calculated set point and the detected value of the thermostat temperature and inputting the PID controlled signal into the heatin

Abstract: A vibration-type rheometer comprises a vibration-type viscometer having a pair of vibrator subassemblies which resonate as in a tuning fork. The pair of vibrator subassemblies constituting a tuning fork vibrator each has at its free end a sensor plate formed from a thin metal plate places into a sample to be measured, and the vibrator subassemblies are driven at the same frequency but in opposite phase relationship to each other by an electromagnetic driving unit together with the sensor plates. A control unit supplies a time-varying driving current whose magnitude varies with time to the electromagnetic driving unit in order to change the vibration-applying force applied to the pair of vibrator subassemblies.

Abstract: Upper and lower vortex chambers are disposed immediately below a calcining furnace for calcining powdery raw materials. The scattering clinker particles from a fluidized-bed burning furnace are trapped in the lower vortex chamber and are returned to the fluidized-bed burning furnace so that the scattering clinker particles are positively prevented from flowing into the upper vortex chamber and the calcining furnace.

Abstract: A dual shaft pan mixer comprises a mixing vessel (1) having a first and a second pan section (3 and 4), a pair of paddle assemblies (10) having drive shafts (13) which are disposed horizontally and in paralllel relationship with each other within the mixing vessel (1) and adapted to rotate in mutually opposite directions, and a drive source (20) for synchronously driving the pair of paddle assemblies (10). The mixing vessel (1) includes a substantially triangular space (22) below an area intermediate the first and the second pan section and displaced out of the loci of rotation of the paddle assemblies (10), and also includes a discharge port (5) which is disposed adjacent to the space (22). The mixer also comprises a rod-shaped vibration generator (30) disposed within the space (22) and extending in a direction parallel to the drive shafts (13).

Abstract: A vibration-type viscosity measuring apparatus having a pair of vibrator subassemblies that can be resonated as a tuning fork. Each of the pair of vibrator subassemblies constituting a tuning fork has at its free end a sensor plate comprised of a thin metal plate to be inserted into a sample. Each vibrator subassembly has a center line of vibration about which the vibrator subassembly vibrates and a center of gravity aligned on the center line of vibration. A detector is provided for detecting electrically the vibration amplitude of the vibrator subassemblies that are driven together with the sensor plates at the same frequency in reverse phase relation to each other. The vibration amplitude is changed due to the viscosity resistance of the sample applied to the sensor plates.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring the viscosity of a viscous substance as a sample to be measured has a tuning fork type vibrator having two vibrating plates opposing to each other at a distance. These vibrating plates are vibrated at equal frequencies in inversed phase relation to each other by means of a variable vibration generator. The vibrating members have thin plate-like sensitive members provided at their respective lower ends. An amplitude obtained by immersing the sensitive members in a viscous substance and vibrating the former is detected by a pickup device to detect a change in amplitude according to the viscous resistance of the viscous substance thereby to measure the viscosity thereof. The viscosity measuring apparatus has means for regulating the frequency of the vibration generator so as to vary the frequency according to need.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring the viscosity of a viscous substance as a sample to be measured has a tuning fork type vibrator having two vibrating plates opposing to each other at a distance. These vibrating plates are vibrated at equal frequencies in inversed phase relation to each other by means of a variable vibration generator. The vibrating members have thin plate-like sensitive members provided at their respective lower ends. An amplitude obtained by immersing the sensitive members in a viscous substance and vibrating the former is detected by a pickup device to detect a change in amplitude according to the viscous resistance of the viscous substance thereby to measure the viscosity thereof. The viscosity measuring apparatus has means for regulating the frequency of the vibration generator so as to vary the frequency according to need.

Abstract: According to the present invention, white cement clinker particles are not burned in a rotary kiln and the burned clinker particles are not immersed in the water to be cooled. White cement clinker raw materials are burned in a fluidized bed burning furnace with a fluid bed or a spouted bed and the clinker particles thus burned are reduced with a reducing gas. The clinker particles thus reduced are first cooled with the water which is sprayed over the clinker particles and then further cooled with the air. The white cement clinker raw material particles fed into the fluidized bed burning furnace are burned into clinker particles while forming a fluidized bed and then the clinker particles thus burned drop through a jet injection pipe into a reduction chamber disposed below the burning furnace and are reduced. The clinker particles thus reduced are rapidly cooled to 600.degree.-700.degree. C.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for calcining raw materials in the form of powder or particles. The gases entrain the particles to spiral upward in the calcining furnace. In an upper throttle chamber the relatively coarse particles which have not been completely calcined are separated from the gas flow and returned into the calcining zone to be calcined again. This pattern of material flow is repeated several times. The calcining efficiency can be improved, so that the furnace can be made small in size. The uniformly calcined particles are discharged from the top of the furnace and introduced into one or more cyclone separators through an outlet duct including a 180.degree. bend section.

Abstract: A forced kneading concrete mixer including a or a plurality of mixing members such as paddles or blades disposed at fixed positions within a rotating pan or cylindrical vessel. The mixing member is carried by a support which is movably mounted on a stationary member and which is subjected to a vertical oscillation having an amplitude of from 2 to 5 mm and a frequency of 3500 to 6000 cycles per minute. A fluid charge comprising ingredients to form concrete is mulled and oscillated by the cooperation of the vessel and the mixing member. When subjected to the oscillation, the individual particles of cement contained in the oscillating fluid charge are dispersed and acquire moisture on their surface. The load on the mixing member is reduced inasmuch as the consistency is increased due to a temporary tendency of the charge to fluidize.