Abstract: In an automated analyzer containing a spectrophotometer for determining color changes in a urine sample the urine is admixed with a basic indicator effecting the first color change and an acidic indicator effecting a second color change, a surfactant and water. The spectrophotometer determines and prints whether a first or second color change has occurred.

Abstract: Aliquot of a urine sample is placed in a first automated analyzer sampling cup and a known standard is placed in a second cup. The urine sample and standard are transferred to separate cuvettes and at least one reagent composition in an aqueous medium is injected into the cuvette. The reagent composition contains a compound to remove substances in the urine interfering with a calorimetric reaction, a compound to convert B-hydroxybutyric acid in the urine to acetoacetic acid in the presence of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and reading at a specified wavelength to determine quantitatively the total ketone bodies in the patient's urine.

Abstract: In an automated analyzer containing a spectrophotometer for determining color changes in a urine sample the urine is admixed with a litmus, methyl red or azolitmin indicator effecting the color change, a surfactant and water. The spectrophotometer determines and prints whether a color change has occurred.

Abstract: Detecting white blood cells in an aliquot of urine by placing the aliquot of urine in an automated analyzer sampling cup, transferring the urine to a cuvette and injecting at least one reagent composition. The reagent composition contains a buffer, an activator such as benzalkonium chloride, an indicator and at least one substance to remove substances in the urine that cause interference with colorimetric photometry. The aliquot of urine is read in accordance with a preprogrammed code at a monochromatically specified wavelength to compare absorbance of the patient's urine with a known standard containing a known concentration of white blood cells.

Abstract: Placing an aliquot of a urine sample in an automated analyzer first sampling cup, and a standard containing a known quantity of nitrite in a second cup. Injecting known specified amounts of each sample from these cups into discrete cuvettes in the autoanalyzer, injecting at least one reagent composition in an aqueous medium containing a buffer, a compound to remove substances in the urine interfering with a colorimetric reaction, oxidized glutathione, and B-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and reading at a preprogrammed code in an automated analyzer at a preprogrammed wavelength to compare the patient's urine with the standard to determine quantitatively the presence of bacterial nitrite in the patient's urine.

Abstract: An automatic analyzer is used to determine out of range specific gravity of adulterants in a urine sample. An aliquot of the urine is mixed with a buffer and ion detector and thereafter with a polymer activator for ion detection. The mixture is analyzed by setting a spectrophotometer in the automatic analyzer at about 600 nanometers, setting the calibrating value for specific gravity at 1.000 and 1.0500 and reading a color change to determine the presence of adulterants.

Abstract: A method that provides techniques for determination of urinary constituents (Blood (Red Blood Cells/Hemoglobin), Leukocytes, pH, Specific Gravity, Bacterial Reductase/Nitrite/Indole activity, Total Ketone Bodies, Protein, and Glucose) at low chemically significant levels with a carrier independent reagent system that can be placed on a high throughput autoanalyzers. Thus, giving the analyst the ability to run multiple urinary assays on a single sample of urine simultaneously with the ability to compare to reference standards on the same run. This system is designed to neutralize urinary interfering substances. This method is fast, efficient, an adaptable to many of the currently available discrete and continuous flow automated analyzers, effective at sample to reagent ratios of 1 to 13 or more. This method is applicable to samples with high turbidity, high ionic strength, high color content, wide pH extremes, and buffer strengths, among other interfering substances.

Abstract: A method of detecting gluteraldehyde adulterant in a urine sample. An aliquot of urine is inserted into an automatic chemical analyzer and a spectrophotometric absorbance reading is taken. Thereafter, the aliquot is mixed with a reagent mixture containing a carbonyl indicator and a second spectrophotometric absorbance reading is taken and compared to the first reading.