Abstract: Apparatuses, systems, and methods of controlling of an energy storage unit are detailed herein. A cold plate can be thermally coupled with an energy storage unit for powering the electric vehicle. The cold plate can have a bottom layer. The bottom layer can have a channel spanning across a top surface of the bottom layer to circulate coolant to transfer heat away from the energy storage unit. The top layer can be flush with a bottom surface of the energy storage unit. The top layer can define openings each extending between the top surface and the bottom surface. The cold plate can have inserts sealing the openings. The inserts can have a melting temperature lower than a melting temperature of the top layer to expose at least one opening when heated the melting temperature to allow release of the coolant from the channel onto the energy storage unit.

Abstract: Provided herein are a heat sink module of an inverter module to power an electric vehicle. The heats sink module can include a heat sink body having a plurality of mounting holes, a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet. The heats sink module can include a cooling channel that can be fluidly coupled with the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet. The heats sink module can include an insulator plate having a first surface and a second surface. The second surface of the insulator plate can couple with a joining surface of the heat sink body to seal the cooling channel. The heats sink module can include a heat sink lid disposed over the insulator plate. The heat sink lid can have a plurality of mounting feet to couple with the mounting holes of the heat sink body to secure the heat sink lid to the heat sink body.

Abstract: Systems and methods to power an electric vehicle are provided. The system can include a battery pack having a plurality of battery modules, each of the of battery modules can include a plurality of battery blocks. The battery blocks can include a plurality of cylindrical battery cells. An integrated current collector device can be formed in a single structure and coupled with the plurality of cylindrical battery cells. The integrated current collector device can include a first current collector to couple with positive terminals of the cylindrical battery cells at first ends of the cylindrical battery cells and a second current collector to couple with negative terminals of the cylindrical battery cells at the first ends of the cylindrical battery cells. An isolation layer can be disposed between the first current collector and the second current collector to electrically isolate the first current collector from the second current collector.

Abstract: A laminated bus bar of an inverter module to power an electric vehicle is provided. The laminated bus bar can include a first insulating layer and a current layer disposed over the first insulting layer. The current layer can include an output terminal. The laminated bus bar can include a second insulating layer disposed over the current layer. The laminated bus bar can include a third insulating layer disposed over the second insulating layer. The laminated bus bar can include a first polarity (e.g., negative) layer disposed over the third insulating layer. The first polarity layer can include a first polarity (e.g., negative) input terminal. The laminated bus bar can include a fourth insulating layer disposed over the first polarity layer. The laminated bus bar can include a second polarity (e.g., positive) layer disposed over the fourth insulating layer and that includes a second polarity (e.g., positive) input terminal.

Abstract: Provided herein is a capacitor module of an inverter module of an electric vehicle. The capacitor module can include a capacitor housing. The capacitor module can include a plurality of positive terminals coupled with a first surface of the capacitor housing and extending from the first surface at a first angle. The capacitor module can include a plurality of negative terminals coupled with the first surface of the capacitor housing and extending from the first surface at the first angle. The capacitor module can include a divider coupled with the first surface of the capacitor housing. The divider can be disposed between the plurality of positive terminals and the plurality of negative terminals. The divider can electrically isolate the plurality of positive terminals from the plurality of negative terminals. The capacitor module can include a plurality of mounting holes formed on an outer surface of the capacitor housing.

Abstract: Provided herein is a capacitor module of an inverter module of an electric vehicle. The capacitor module can include a capacitor housing. The capacitor module can include a plurality of positive terminals coupled with a first surface of the capacitor housing and extending from the first surface at a first angle. The capacitor module can include a plurality of negative terminals coupled with the first surface of the capacitor housing and extending from the first surface at the first angle. The capacitor module can include a divider coupled with the first surface of the capacitor housing. The divider can be disposed between the plurality of positive terminals and the plurality of negative terminals. The divider can electrically isolate the plurality of positive terminals from the plurality of negative terminals. The capacitor module can include a plurality of mounting holes formed on an outer surface of the capacitor housing.

Abstract: Provided herein is a power converter component to power a drive unit of an electric vehicle drive system. The power converter component includes an inverter module formed having three half-bridge modules arranged in a triplet configuration for electric vehicle drive systems. Positive inputs, negative inputs, and output terminals of the different half-bridge inverter modules are aligned with each other. The inverter module includes a positive bus-bar coupled with the positive inputs and a negative bus-bar coupled with the negative inputs of the half-bridge inverter modules. The positive bus-bar is positioned adjacent to and parallel with the negative bus-bar. The inverter module can be coupled with a drive train unit of the electric vehicle and provide three phase voltages to the drive train unit. Each of the half bridge modules can generate a single phase voltage and three half-bridge modules arranged in a triplet configuration can provide three phase voltages.

Abstract: Provided herein are battery cells for battery packs in electric vehicles. The battery cell includes a housing defining an inner region, an electrolyte disposed within the inner region, and a gasket that couples a lid with the housing to seal the battery cell. The gasket can include an inner portion having an ingress point and an egress point. The inner portion can have disposed therein a thermocouple wire that extends through the inner portion, past the ingress point and past the egress point. The thermocouple wire can include a first lead, a second lead, and a third lead. The first, second, and third leads can be disposed within a common jacket between the ingress point and the egress point. A thermocouple sensor can be disposed in the inner region and be coupled with the first, second, and third leads of the thermocouple wire to provide sensed temperature information.

Abstract: Provided herein are systems and methods described related to a power module of a drivetrain system of an electric vehicle. The power modules as described herein can include a sandwich structure that reduces a parasitic inductance of the power module through mutual inductance cancellation. For example, the power modules can include at least two current paths that overlap or are formed over each other in a sandwich like formation to form a power loop having an overlapping current path. The power loop can have an overall inductance value corresponding to a self-inductance of the first current path and a self-inductance of the second current path subtracted by a mutual inductance value of the overlapping current path.

Abstract: Provided herein are apparatus, systems, and methods for reducing noise in an electric vehicle. The apparatus can include a cabin floor, a battery pack, and a stiffener positioned between the cabin floor and the battery pack. The cabin floor can include a recess that that defines a volume in the cabin floor. The battery pack is coupled to the cabin floor, and includes a plurality of battery cells generating a voltage and a current. The stiffener includes a first stiffener surface that faces the cabin floor, a second stiffener surface that faces the battery pack, and a first stiffener element that extends out of the first stiffener surface and conforms to a shape of the recess. The first stiffener element is positioned on the first stiffener surface to align with a position of the recess in the cabin floor.

Abstract: Commanding vehicles via a vehicle-to-infrastructure communication network are provided. A roadside unit in a location on a vehicular travel path broadcasts timestamps. A vehicle having an onboard unit receives the timestamp, calibrates an internal clock, and transmits a status of the first vehicle to the first roadside computing unit. The roadside unit receives the status of the vehicle, and transmits, to a data processing system, data packets including the status and information associated with the location in the vehicular travel path. The data processing system inputs the status information and the information associated with the location into a deep learning engine to assign, based on an output from the deep learning engine, a label to the vehicle. The data processing system selects a vehicle command based on the label and transmits the vehicle command to the vehicle to execute an action for traversing the vehicular travel path.

Abstract: Commanding vehicles via a vehicle-to-infrastructure communication network are provided. A roadside unit in a location on a vehicular travel path broadcasts timestamps. A vehicle having an onboard unit receives the timestamp, calibrates an internal clock, and transmits a status of the first vehicle to the first roadside computing unit. The roadside unit receives the status of the vehicle, and transmits, to a data processing system, data packets including the status and information associated with the location in the vehicular travel path. The data processing system inputs the status information and the information associated with the location into a deep learning engine to assign, based on an output from the deep learning engine, a label to the vehicle. The data processing system selects a vehicle command based on the label and transmits the vehicle command to the vehicle to execute an action for traversing the vehicular travel path.

Abstract: Provided herein are systems and methods for cooling an electric drivetrain of an electric vehicle. The electric drivetrain can include an inverter, a gearbox and a motor. A first cooling system can use ethylene glycol and water (EGW) based coolant, and can include an EGW coolant loop to distribute the EGW based coolant to remove heat from a cold plate of the inverter, a housing of the gearbox, and a housing of the motor. A second cooling system can use an oil based coolant, and can include an oil coolant loop to distribute the oil based coolant to remove heat from internal components and the housing of the gearbox, and to remove heat from internal components and the housing of the motor. The second cooling system can include an oil coolant pump to control a flow of the oil based coolant through the oil coolant loop.

Abstract: A vehicle battery controller based on a reduced order model is provided. The controller identifies a value of a current output by the battery that supplies power to the vehicle. The controller provides the value of the current to a solid diffusion component, an electrolyte transport component, and a electrolyte and solid potential component. The solid diffusion component can update a solid concentration model of the battery. The electrolyte transport component can update an electrolyte concentration model of the battery. The electrolyte and solid potential component can update an electrolyte potential model and a solid potential model of the battery. The controller component can determine a value of a voltage of the battery and a value of a heat generation rate of the battery. The controller component can generate a command to manage a performance of the battery.

Abstract: Systems and methods of secure firmware updates on remote vehicles are provided. The system receives a request from a vehicle for an update to vehicle firmware, and identifies a blockchain address for the vehicle. The system generates a session identifier and identifies a firmware update file. The system generates a digital signature based on a combination of the session identifier and a first hash value of the firmware update file. The system provides, for storage in a block at the blockchain address, the digital signature. The system transmits the session identifier to the vehicle. The system transfers the firmware update file to the vehicle. The vehicle verifies the firmware update file using the digital signature retrieved from the block at the blockchain address, a second hash value of the firmware update file received from the data processing system, and the session identifier received from the data processing system.

Abstract: Provided herein are battery packs for electric vehicles. A battery pack can include a housing having cavities. The battery pack can include electrode structures having a first tab terminal and a second tab terminal. A cover can be disposed over the housing. The cover can include first junction connectors extending between a first surface of the cover and a second surface of the cover. The first tab terminal of each electrode structure can be welded to respective first junction connectors.

Abstract: Provided herein are systems and methods of alerting occupants in electric or other vehicles to assume manual control of vehicular functions. An environment sensing module can identify a condition to have an occupant within the vehicle assume manual control of a vehicular function. A chassis control module can control actuation of a suspension system, an acceleration system, a brake system, and a steering system. The chassis control module can have a normal mode and an escalation mode. The normal mode can reduce an external force feedback from outside the vehicle. The escalation mode can mechanically induce an internal force feedback from within the vehicle. A policy enforcement module can cause the chassis control module to change from the normal mode to the escalation mode to use one of a plurality of defined feedback patterns as the mechanically induced internal force feedback to convey the identified condition to the occupant.

Abstract: Provided herein are systems and methods for cooling an electric drivetrain of an electric vehicle. The electric drivetrain can include an inverter, a gearbox and a motor. A first cooling system can use ethylene glycol and water (EGW) based coolant, and can include an EGW coolant loop to distribute the EGW based coolant to remove heat from a cold plate of the inverter, a housing of the gearbox, and a housing of the motor. A second cooling system can use an oil based coolant, and can include an oil coolant loop to distribute the oil based coolant to remove heat from internal components and the housing of the gearbox, and to remove heat from internal components and the housing of the motor. The second cooling system can include an oil coolant pump to control a flow of the oil based coolant through the oil coolant loop.

Abstract: A laminated bus bar of an inverter module to power an electric vehicle is provided. The laminated bus bar can include a first insulating layer and a current layer disposed over the first insulting layer. The current layer can include an output terminal. The laminated bus bar can include a second insulating layer disposed over the current layer. The laminated bus bar can include a third insulating layer disposed over the second insulating layer. The laminated bus bar can include a first polarity (e.g., negative) layer disposed over the third insulating layer. The first polarity layer can include a first polarity (e.g., negative) input terminal. The laminated bus bar can include a fourth insulating layer disposed over the first polarity layer. The laminated bus bar can include a second polarity (e.g., positive) layer disposed over the fourth insulating layer and that includes a second polarity (e.g., positive) input terminal.

Abstract: Systems and methods of deep neural network based parking assistance is provided. A system can receive data sensed by one or more sensors mounted on a vehicle located at a parking zone. The system generates, from a first neural network, a digital map based on the data sensed by the one or more sensors. The system generates, from a second neural network, a first path based on the three-dimensional dynamic map. The system receives vehicle dynamics information from a second one or more sensors located on the vehicle. The system generates, with a third neural network, a second path to park the vehicle based on the first path, vehicle dynamics information and at least one historical path stored in vehicle memory. The system provides commands to control the vehicle to follow the second path to park the vehicle in the parking zone.