Abstract: Provided are systems for measuring an electrocardiogram (ECG) using a wearable device. An example system includes the wearable device. The wearable device has a means for recording an electrical signal from a single wrist of a patient. The wearable device also has a means for detecting a pulse of the patient and recording a photoplethysmogram (PPG) signal, via a PPG optical sensor associated with the wearable device. The wearable device further has a means for generating the electrical signal segments being time-locked to the PPG signal by utilizing the PPG signal as a reference signal. Furthermore, the wearable device has a means for summing the electrical signal segments in a given time period and dividing by the number of segments to produce an average ECG waveform.

Abstract: Provided are a method and systems for measuring an electrocardiogram (ECG) using a wearable device. An example system includes the wearable device in a shape of a band worn on a limb (e.g., a wrist) of a patient. The wearable device includes an electrical sensor. The wearable device is operable to record, via the at least one electrical sensor, an electrical signal from the limb of the patient. The wearable device is operable to split the electrical signal into segments based on a reference signal. The reference signal includes an indication of onset times of heart beats. The segments are averaged to derive average ECG data of low signal-to-noise ratio. The wearable device includes an optical sensor operable to measure skin color beneath a pulsating artery of the limb. The reference signal includes a photoplethysmogram (PPG) signal recorded via the optical sensor simultaneously with the electrical signal.

Abstract: A method and system for monitoring oxygen saturation of a patient are provided. An example system includes a wearable device having a first optical sensor to measure a first red wavelength photoplethysmography (PPG) signal and a first infrared wavelength PPG signal and a second optical sensor to measure a second red wavelength PPG signal and a second infrared wavelength PPG signal. The system further includes a processor configured to determine that conditions for calibration of the first optical sensor are satisfied, determine a first ratio for obtaining the oxygen saturation, a first parameter for modifying the first red wavelength PPG signal, a second parameter for modifying the first infrared wavelength PPG signal, and a second ratio for obtaining the oxygen saturation. The processor is further configured to determine a value of the oxygen saturation and provide a message regarding a health status of the patient.

Abstract: A method and systems for determining an early warning score for a health status of a patient are provided. An example method includes acquiring, during a predetermined time period via sensors integrated into a wearable device worn on a wrist of the patient, initial values of medical parameters of patient. The medical parameters include a respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, temperature, blood pressure, and pulse rate, and level of consciousness. The method includes determining, based on the initial values, normal values of the medical parameters. The method includes acquiring, via the sensors and at a pre-determined frequency, further values of the medical parameters. The method includes determining, based on deviations of the further values from the normal values, individual scores for the medical parameters. The method includes calculating, based on the individual scores, a general score. The method includes determining, based on the general score, the health status of the patient.

Abstract: Systems and methods for performing a blood pressure measurement are provided. An example method includes simultaneously recording, by a wearable device, an electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmogram (PPG). PPG is measured at a blood artery. The method also includes analyzing ECG and PPG to determine a pulse transit time (PTT), a pulse rate (PR), and a diameter parameter. The diameter parameter includes a diameter of the blood artery or a change thereof. The method also includes determining, based on PTT, PR, and the diameter parameter, a blood pressure (BP) using a pre-defined model. The pre-defined model establishes a relationship between PTT, PR, the diameter parameter, and BP. The pre-defined model may be trained using statistical data obtained in a calibration process. The statistical data includes PTT, PR, and the diameter parameter measured with the wearable device and corresponding values of BP measured with an external device.

Abstract: Methods and systems for monitoring health status of chronically ill people are provided. An example system includes a wearable device with sensors, with the wearable device being designed to be worn on a wrist of a patient. The wearable device is operable to continuously collect, via sensors, sensor data from a single place on body of the patient. The sensor data are processed to obtain electrocardiogram data and photoplethysmogram data. The electrocardiogram data and the photoplethysmogram data are analyzed to obtain medical parameters associated with a chronic disease. Based at least partially on the changes in the medical parameters over time, a progression of the at least one chronic disease can be determined. Based on the progression, messages regarding the current health condition are sent to the patient. The messages include advice to take medicine or contact a medical professional if a chronic condition is worsening.

Abstract: Provided are methods and systems for monitoring cardiac function. A series of heartbeat waveforms is collected during a pre-determined time period. The series is collected either from an individual or a plurality of individuals. A heartbeat waveform space is generated based on the series of heartbeat waveforms. A test heartbeat waveform is projected onto the heartbeat waveform space. The projected heartbeat waveform is subtracted from the test heartbeat waveform to obtain a pathology descriptive deflections (PDD) vector. A score is calculated based on the PDD vector. Based on the score, a clinical indication associated with at least one disease is provided. The clinical indication includes a warning message regarding an upcoming cardiac episode or a measure of progression or regression of at least one cardiac pathology.

Abstract: A method and system for monitoring respiratory rate of a patient is provided. An example system includes a wearable device configured to be disposed around a wrist of the patient. The wearable device may include a gyroscope to measure a gyroscope signal indicative of a motion of the patient. The system may further include a processor communicatively coupled to the gyroscope. The processor can be configured to perform a spectral analysis of the gyroscope signal to obtain a spectrum in a pre-determined range. The pre-determined range may cover a normal respiratory rate range. The processor can be further configured to determine a position of a peak in the spectrum to obtain a value for the respiratory rate. The processor can be further configured to provide, based on the value of the respiratory rate, a message regarding a health status of the patient.

Abstract: An example method for performing pulse oximetry can commence with receiving at least three light signals of three different wavelengths reflected from a human tissue. The human tissue includes a pulsatile tissue and a non-pulsatile tissue. Based on the three light signals, values of at least three functions are determined. The three functions are invariant to an oxygen saturation in the pulsatile tissue and depend on location of a sensor operable to detect the three light signals and pressure of the sensor on the human tissue. Based on the values of the three functions, non-pulsatile components are analyzed for intensities of a red light signal and infrared light signal reflected from the human tissue. The non-pulsated components are removed from the intensities to allow correct estimates of a ratio of the absorption coefficients, with the ratio being used to determine the oxygen saturation in the pulsatile tissue.

Abstract: Provided are a method and systems for performing pulse oximetry. A light signal is emitted for a period of time and a modulated light signal is detected. The modulated light signal includes a red signal and an infrared signal. The modulated light signal is originated by an interaction of the light signal with a pulsatile tissue and a non-pulsatile tissue. The modulated light signal is processed to estimate an oxygen saturation in the pulsatile tissue during the period of time. The processing includes removing a non-pulsatile component resulting from the interaction of the light signal and the non-pulsatile tissue. The non-pulsatile component can be removed by removing a first parameter from an intensity of the infrared signal and a second parameter from an intensity of the red signal. The parameters are pre-determined using a calibration process to reproduce a true value for a ratio used to determine the oxygen saturation.