Abstract: A synchronizer ring 1 has an annular ring body 2; a friction material 4 joined integrally to a cylindrical inner peripheral surface 3 of the ring body 2; a conical surface 5 formed on an inner surface of the friction material 4; and a plurality of annular grooves 6 formed in the conical surface 5 of the friction material 4.

Abstract: A lead-containing copper-based alloy is immersed into a weak acidic or neutral etching solution having a buffer effect which is formed by adding an organic acid into a complexing agent having a high ability to form a complexing ion with lead, and lead particles present on the surface of the lead-containing copper-based alloy are then removed. The complexing agent is one of an organic ammonium salt such as ammonium acetate, or ammonium citrate, or may be an organic sodium salt such as sodium acetate, sodium tartrate, and sodium citrate. Preferably, an immersion temperature of the alloy to the etching solution falls within a range of from 10 to 50° C. The etching solution is agitated with oxygen or a gas containing oxygen blown thereinto during the immersion of the alloy into the etching solution. An extremely low voltage of ?0.3 to +0.2 V vs. NHE is applied from outside to the lead-containing copper-based alloy as an anode.

Abstract: A cutting-free bronze alloy which is substantially free of lead contains 1 to 13 wt. % of tin, not larger than 18 wt. % of zinc, 0.5 to 6 wt. % of bismuth, 0.05 to 3 wt. % of antimony, not larger than 1 wt. % of phosphorus, less than 0.4 wt. % of lead, and the balance being copper. The alloy may further contain 0.1 to 3 wt. % of nickel. When 3 to 8 wt. % of tin and 6 to 10 wt. % of zinc are present, the alloy is particularly suitable for use as a plumbing faucet and fixture. Likewise, when 8.5 to 13 wt. % of tin and not larger than 1 wt. % of zinc are present, the alloy is suitable for use as a sliding member.

Abstract: In a synchronizer ring that is a part of an automobile transmission, a ring body is made of an iron material and a sliding member is made of a wear-resistant copper alloy having the following chemical components, matrix and rigidity, characterized in that the ring body and sliding member are bonded to each other by way of hot working. (1) a wear-resistant copper alloy containing Zn of 22 to 45 wt %, at least one kind of metal elements of 0.1 to 15 wt % which are selected from a metal element group of Al, Mn, Fe, Pb, Ni, Be, Si, Co, Cr, Ti, Nb, V, Zr, Mo, Sn, Bi, B etc. and the remnant composed of Cu and impurities. (2) The wear-resistant copper alloy has a matrix of .alpha. phase+.beta. phase, .beta. phase alone or .beta. phase+.gamma. phase. (3) HRB (Hardness Rockwell B) value is more than 80.

Abstract: A mold for continuous casting comprises a copper or copper alloy mold substrate and a sprayed coating film formed on non-blasted inner surfaces of the substrate with or without a metal plated skin layer provided between the substrate and the film. For the formation of the sprayed coating film, particles of at least one tungsten carbide-based wear-resistant material having a particle size of from 5 .mu.m to 53 .mu.m and having a hardness capable of anchoring in the inner surfaces of the substrate are subjected to high pressure/high velocity oxygen fuel coating under conditions where the particles remain at least partially non-fused on application of heat from a spraying flame. By this, a layer directly anchored in the inner surfaces of the substrate or in the skin layer, if present, is formed at least as one layer of the sprayed coating film formed in a total film thickness of from 0.01 to 6 mm.

Abstract: A synchronizer ring comprises a ring body having a sliding portion, and a directly spray-coated wear-resistant film formed on a surface of the sliding portion. The film is made of a wear-resistant brass alloy which comprises Cu, Zn and at least one element selected from the group consisting of Al, Mn, Fe, Ni, Si, Co, Cr, Ti, Nb, V, Zr and Mo. The spray-coated film exhibits good wear resistance and good bonding strength.

Abstract: A wear-resistant copper alloy which consists essentially of 56 to 65 wt. % of Cu, 28 to 32 wt. % of Zn, 3.5 to 5.5 wt. % of Al, 0.5 to 2.0 wt. % of Fe, 1.0 to 3.0 wt. % of Ni, 0.1 to 1.0 wt. % of Nb, and 0.4 to 1.5 wt. % of Ti, provided that Ti+Nb is equal to or greater than 0.7 wt. %. The alloy includes two discrete intermetallic compounds comprising Ti-Ni-Fe-Al and Nb-Fe-Al uniformly dispersed in a microstructure preferably including at least 50 volume % beta phase and limited alpha and gamma phases. A synchronizer ring made of the copper alloy is also provided.

Abstract: A Mn-Si-Co-Fe-based high-strength brass alloy comprises, on the weight basis, 15 to 25% of Zn, 1.0 to 5.0% of Mn, 0.3 to 2.0% of Si, 0.01 to 0.5% of Fe, 0.01 to 2.0% of Co, 0.2 to 1.0% of Sn, 5 to 10% of Pb and the balance being Cu and inevitable impurities. The alloy has a novel intermetallic compound [Mn,Si,Co,Fe] substantially in the form of spheroids and has also fine grains. The alloy is adapted for use as sliding members or parts and has very good resistances to wear and corrosion, anti-seizing property and durability.

Abstract: A water-cooled copper casting mold comprising a copper plate, a back frame which is fastened to the copper plate to thereby form cooling channels in which widths of main channels in the bolt fastening region are wider than those in other regions, characterized in that the water-cooled copper casting mold further comprises increased channels which are formed between right and left main channels in the bolt fastening region excluding bolt screwing halls, branch channels which are provided between the main channels and the increased channels wherein at least one of the branch channels and branching portions of the main channels has more sectional areas of water than the main and the increased channels.

Abstract: A copper alloy composite material which comprises a copper alloy matrix and at least one additive selected from solid materials having self-lubricity and wear-resistant materials and uniformly dispersed in the alloy matrix is described. The composite material has improved wear resistance and anti-seizing properties.

Abstract: A precipitation hardenable alloy suitable for forming molds for continuous casting of steel and other metal containing, by weight, 0.2-2.0% nickel, 0.05-0.5% beryllium, 0.01-1.0% niobium and the balance essentially copper. The alloy is subjected to heat treatment including solution treatment and aging, so that it has improved strength, high thermal conductivity and high toughness at elevated temperatures. The alloy may contain 0.03-0.6 wt % zirconium, 0.03-0.6 wt % zirconium and 0.01-0.1 wt % magnesium, or 0.03-0.6 wt % zirconium and 0.01-0.2 wt % titanium in place of the 0.01-1.0 wt % niobium.

Abstract: A brass suitable for use as the material of such mechanical parts which are required to have good adhesion and wear resistant properties such as for gears of various machines, rolls and dies for use in pipe forming and deep drawing titanium plate material, and so forth. The brass consists essentially, each by weight of, 45% to 75% of copper, 2.0% to 7.0% of aluminum, 0.1% to 2.0% of iron, 1.0% to 5.0% of nickel, 0.5% to 2.0% of silicon, 0.1% to 2.0% of cobalt and the remainder being zinc and incidental impurities.